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Povzetek: Background. Portal venous gas (PVG) can be a sign of serious disease and a predictor of poor clinical outcome. However, it ean also occur as a transient phenomenon with little clinical significance, especially following blunt abdominal trauma and various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Case reports. We describe two patients with PVG detected on abdominal sonography, who had very similar sonographic findings but a completely different clinical outcome. The first patient was a 70-year-old man in whom PVG was the consequence of mesenteric infarction; the patient died in hospital shortly after the admission. Our second patient was a 26-year-old man who was injured in a motor vehicle accident. He was clinically stable and needed no aggressivetreatment. PVG proved to be a transient phenomenon that cleared spontaneously within a day. Conclusions. Doppler sonography is a sensitive andspecific modality for the detection of PVG. In patients with a serious underlying disease, sonography can identify the cause of PVG, so that the appropriate therapy may be undertaken without delay. If the aetiology is unclear, the decision to undertake further expensive and potentially harmful diagnostic procedures should be based on the patient's clinical status.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 13.02.2024; Ogledov: 212; Prenosov: 50
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Povzetek: Aim. Radiosensitization with cisplatin can be enhanced by electroporation of cells and tumours. The aim of this study was to extend our previous studies ontwo carcinoma tumour models with different chemo-and radiosensitivity in order to evaluate whether this treatment is effective also on less chemo-and radiosensitive tumour cells. Materials and methods. This in vitro study was performed on carcinoma SCK and EAT-E cells. The cytotoxicity of three-modalitytreatment consisting of cisplatin, electroporation and irradiation was determined by the clonogenic assay. Results. The radiosensitizing effect of cisplatin on the two cell lines was greatly enhanced by electroporation. By this combined treatment, less chemo and radiosensitive EAT-E cells were rendered as sensitive as more chemo and radiosensitive SCK cells. Conclusion. The enhancement of cisplatin-induced radiosensitization of cells by electroporation could be beneficially used in the treatment of intrinsically less chemo- and radiosensitive tumours.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.02.2024; Ogledov: 209; Prenosov: 50
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Povzetek: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), a detrimental urban air pollutant primarily emitted by traffic and biomass burning, poses disproportionately significant health risks at relatively limited exposure during commuting. Previous studies have mainly focused on fixed locations when assessing PM2.5 exposure, while neglecting pedestrians and cyclists, who often experience higher pollution levels. In response, this research aimed to independently validate the effectiveness of bicycle-mounted low-cost sensors (LCS) adopted by citizens, evaluate temporal and spatial PM2.5 exposure, and assess associated health risks in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The LCS quality assurance results, verified by co-location field tests by air quality monitoring stations (AQMS), showed comparable outcomes with an average percentage difference of 21.29 %, attributed to humidity-induced nucleation effects. The colder months exhibited the highest air pollution levels (μ = 32.31 μg/m3) due to frequent thermal inversions and weak wind circulation, hindering vertical air mixing and the adequate dispersion of pollutants. Additionally, PM2.5 levels in all sampling periods were lowest in the afternoon (μ = 12.09 μg/m3) and highest during the night (μ = 61.00 μg/m3) when the planetary boundary layer thins, leading to the trapping of pollutants near the surface, thus significantly affecting diurnal and seasonal patterns. Analysis of exposure factors revealed that cyclists were approximately three times more exposed than pedestrians. However, the toxicological risk assessment indicated a minimal potential risk of PM2.5 exposure. The collaborative integration of data from official AQMS and LCS can enhance evidence-based policy-making processes and facilitates the realignment of effective regulatory frameworks to reduce urban air pollution.
Ključne besede: air pollution monitoring, PM2.5 exposure, citizen science, bicycle-mounted low-cost sensors
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 30.01.2024; Ogledov: 298; Prenosov: 111
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Povzetek: Introduction. Precise evaluation of the uretheral stricture localisation, length, depth and quality of wall changes are necessary for the selection of the optimal treatment to prevent recurrences. Decision for urethral dilatation, internal urethrotomy or open surgery depends on urethroscopic, radiourethrographic-RUG, and recently, according to MC Annich, also sonourethrographic-SUG results. SUG adds information about the depth and density of spongiofibrosis. Previously published findings of RUG length underestimation, compared to SUG and endoscopy, were responsible for inappropriate treatment and recurrences. In our article, we evaluate SUG as a new imaging method in the diagnosis of uretheral strictures and treatment planning, and describe both imaging methods together with usual pitfalls in performance or interpretation, possible reason for incorrect length measurements, and RUG length underestimation. Patients and methods. In the period of 20 months, we evaluated SUG compared to RUG and endoscopy in 51/130 males with suspected urethral strictures. Results. Compared to RUG, sonographywas correct in 92% radiographycally detected strictures. Length measurements by sonography were 22% shorter than radiographic lengths, which could be explained by radiographic magnification, as it was proved with wire measure placed on penis. Considering radiographic magnification, we did not find important differences in any measurement. Opposite to previously published RUG results compared to endoscopy and SUG, radiographic length underestimation was not found. Conclusions. The combination of both imaging methods provides optimal information about urethral stricture anatomy. We conclude that published radiographic length underestimation could be only a misinterpretation. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters).
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.01.2024; Ogledov: 217; Prenosov: 52
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Povzetek: Introduction. Despite the use of modern imaging techniques, the reliable preoperative assessment of Meckel's diverticulurn and related complications with this rare congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract in adults is uncomrnon. Case presentation. This report presents the case of a 25 year old man who presented with a sudden onset of pain in the right lower abdomen and vomiting. On clinical examination the affected area was tender to palpation which revealed an elastic cylindrical formation situated deeply in the abdomen. Blumberg's sign was positive while the laboratory findings were stillwithin normal limits. An ultrasonography of the abdomen revealed an ileocaecal fluid collection containing thicker residue, which was suspicious for Meckel's diverticulum or a duplication cyst and ileus of the small bowel proximally from the formation described. Native radiogram of the abdomen in supine position has confirmed the presence of obstructive ileus at the level of the distal part of the small bowel. Surgery revealed an ileus and compression of the distal part of the small bowel due to the presence of an edematous Meckel's diverticulum. Conclusion. In view of the frequent use of ultrasonography in the evaluation of acute ahdomen, the diagnostic procedures could be rationalized and the time to surgery reduced if possible complicatioris due to Meckel's diverticulum would he considered in the differential diagnosis.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.01.2024; Ogledov: 220; Prenosov: 50
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