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1665. Detection of early lung cancer lesions in surgical resections and in bronchial and transbronchial biopsiesTomaž Rott, Maja Jerše, Marjeta Terčelj-Zorman, Janez Eržen, 2006, published scientific conference contribution (invited lecture) Abstract: Background. Overall bad progmpsis of lung is mostly due to too late detection of early lung cancer, which may be teated with good success. Therefore different diagnostic methods are developing for more efficient detection of early lung cancer: besides modern radiological, bronchoscopic methods with additional fluorescence techniques, quantitative cytological investigations, also histological and molecular investigations are included. History may reveal early preinvasive lung xcancer lesions, associated early during multistep lung carcinogemesis with molecular genetic changes. Patients and methods. Preinvasive epithelial lung cancer lesions we searched in two groups of patients. In the first group of 316 patients from the period March 2003 - August 2006, 498 bronchial and transbronchial biopsies were examined for squamous metaplasia and dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive tumours. Inthe second group of 238 patients from the period January 2004 - August 2006,resected primary lung tumours were analysed for preinvasive neuroendocrine tumours and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. Resuots. The mostfrequent changes in bronchial and transbronchial biopsies were squamous metaplasia (46.5%), simple or goblet cell hyperplasia of the bronchial epithelium (44.3%), malignant tumours (20.66%) and squamous dysplasia (16.1%),but rare carcinoma in situ (0.63%). Diffuse idiopoathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia was found in 15 (6.3%) cases in the vicinity of 238 resected lung cancer specimens, carcinoid in12 patients (5%), and mostly combined large neuroendocrine cancer in 21 patients (8.8%). Atypical denomatous hyperplasia was found in 2 patients. Conculsions. Classical histological analysis should be focused on detection of early preinvasive epithelial lung cancer lesions. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters).
Published in DiRROS: 05.12.2023; Views: 270; Downloads: 69
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1666. Pomen humanih virusov papiloma pri odkrivanju in preprečevanju raka materničnega vratu - kje smo danesMarjetka Uršič-Vrščaj, Sonja Bebar, Andrej Možina, Stelio Rakar, Iztok Takač, Vida Stržinar, Aleš Vakselj, 2006, published professional conference contribution Abstract: Izhodišča. S pomočjo organiziranih programov presejanja se je zmanjšala umrljivost zaradi raka materničnega vratu. Humani virusi papiloma (HPV) povzročajo predrakave spremembe in raka materničnega vratu. Številne ugotovitve kažejo, da je z vključevanjem testa HPV mogoče izboljšati uspešnost presejalnih programov. Test HPV se omenja pri presejanju, pri triažiranju bolnic z začetno patološkimi brisi materničnega vratu in po zdravljenju predrakavih sprememb. Visoka negativna napovedna vrednost dvakrat negativnega testa, testa PAP in testa HPV, naj bi na področju presejanja omogočala določene spremembe, kot so podaljševanje priporočenega rednega intervala presejanja, prilagajanje starosti ter ponovno presejanje po zdravljenju predrakavih sprememb. Test HPV je klinično pomemben pri triažiranju žensk s ponavljajočimi se atipičnimi ploščatimi celicami, pri katerih je potrebna kolposkopija. Zaradi visoke prevalence okuženosti s HPV se test HPV kaže kot omejitev pri zelo mladih ženskah z blago diskariotičnimi celicami. Zaključki. Ugotovitve o HPV nakazujejo možnosti za preprečevanje raka materničnega vratu na področju profilaktičnega cepljenja. V svetovnem merilu HPV 16 in 18 povzročata 70 % raka materničnega vratu. V prihodnjem letu naj bi bili dostopni dve profilaktični cepivi, učinkoviti proti HPV 16 in 18.
Published in DiRROS: 05.12.2023; Views: 355; Downloads: 81
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1667. Preprečevanje raka debelega črevesa in dankePavel Skok, 2006, published professional conference contribution (invited lecture) Abstract: Izhodišča. Pojavnost raka debelega črevesa in danke je v zadnjih desetletjih v razvitih deželah v porastu. V Sloveniji predstavlja drugi najpogostejši vzrok smrti zaradi raka. Po podatkih Registra raka je bila leta 2002 incidenca pri moških 68,5/100.000 prebivalcev, pri ženskah 49,8/100.000. Kljub vzpodbudnemu dejstvu, da se relativno 5-letno preživetje bolnikov s to boleznijo v zadnjem obdobju daljša, odkrijemo še vedno mnogo bolnikov, ko je bolezen že v napredovalem stadiju, z lokalnimi in oddaljenimi zasevki in je prognoza ter preživetje kljub kombiniranim oblikam zdravljenja slaba. Bolezen je ozdravljiva le, če jo ugotovimo in kirurško odstranimo v zgodnji razvojni stopnji. Zaključki. Rak črevesa predstavlja ozdravljivo bolezen, če preprečimo njeno preobrazbo iz premalignih adenomov ali ga odkrijemo in kirurško odstranimo v lokalno omejeni obliki. Za dolgoročen uspeh bo potrebna primerna ozaveščenost prebivalstva in udejanjanje priporočil.
Published in DiRROS: 05.12.2023; Views: 160; Downloads: 46
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1669. Uncovering the latent preferences of Slovenia’s private forest owners in the context of enhancing forest Ecosystem Services through a Hypothetical SchemeKaja Plevnik, Anže Japelj, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Background and objectives: Successful policy implementation relies on understanding stakeholders’ willingness to contribute to policy goals. The EU Green Deal, with strategies on forests, biodiversity, and the bioeconomy, also depends on the performance of the forestry sector, including a significant portion of privately owned forests. Materials and methods: We conducted a nationwide survey among a sample of 341 private forest owners in Slovenia (total population of 424,086). The online questionnaire had three sections: (1) knowledge and priorities regarding ecosystem services and the bioeconomy, (2) a discrete choice experiment for eliciting preferences concerning the implementation of activities supporting strategic goals originating from EU Green Deal policies, and (3) socio-economic data and future forest management objectives. Results: The results indicated heterogeneity in preferences for performing activities on private forest lands to enhance specific forest ES that contribute to policy goals. More than half of the respondents (57.6%) exhibited a reluctance to implement activities and were skeptical of higher compensation payments, whereas the rest expressed an inclination towards changing their forest management. Conclusions: Slovenia’s private forest owners appear to be heterogeneous in their willingness to participate in a hypothetical ES enhancement scheme that could contribute to some EU Green Deal goals. Policymakers must recognize intrinsic motives and social norms that affect the willingness of forest owners to be engaged to increase the acceptance of solutions.
Keywords: European Green Deal policies, discrete choice experiment, private forest owners, payment-related enhancement scheme
Published in DiRROS: 05.12.2023; Views: 369; Downloads: 214
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