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Abstract: V prispevku je predstavljen izviren način za napoved odvisnosti izmerjenih deformacij od temperature okolice. Izhaja iz poenostavljenega fizikalnega modela, ki je umerjen s pomočjo niza obstoječih meritev, ki pokrivajo časovni razpon enega leta. Spremljanje konstrukcijskega stanja zvonika stolnice sv. Anastazije v Zadru je bilo opravljeno z namenom, da bi zanesljivo določili morebitne dolgotrajne trende obnašanja in tako omogočili pravočasno ukrepanje. Za uspešno določitev dolgotrajnih trendov je ključna ločitev temperaturnega vpliva na meritve. Rezultati kažejo, da je mogoče na predstavljeni način dokaj dobro izločiti temperaturni vpliv na meritve in tako izboljšati zaznavo morebitnih dolgotrajnih trendov.
Keywords: meritve deformacij, modeliranje temperaturnega vpliva, spremljanje konstrukcijskega stanja
Published in DiRROS: 04.12.2023; Views: 305; Downloads: 145
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Abstract: Background. Mammotome is a percutaneous biopsy technique with a large needle, assisted by vacuum aspiration. The single insertion technique allows to collect multiple large tissue samples, which gives a more reliable histological result. The technique can be used under stereotactic, MRl or ultrasound guidance. The technique is used under local anesthesia, on an outpatient basis. Conclusions. Altough it is essentially a diagnostic technique, it has a therapeutic potential in some cases. Recently, the technique has been FDA approved for the removal of benign nodular lesions. Worldwide, over 2 million procedures have already been performed. It has the potential to replace surgical open biopsy, with a similar accuracy and at a lower cost, and it is less invasive.
Published in DiRROS: 01.12.2023; Views: 233; Downloads: 58
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Abstract: Background. Gray-scale ultrasound (US) patterns are still the best indicators of the risk of malignancy and correlation with mammography and guidance to bioptical procedures are still the gold standard in breast diagnosis. But recent technological advancements in ultrasound offer new diagnostic capabilities that integrate conventional US imaging: 3D, CAD, perfusion imaging and elastography. Conclusions. The US technologies allow to differentiate and grade the vascularity of breast lesions (both with conventional technologies and with contrast enhancers) and to evaluate the elastic properties of the normal and pathologic tissues (elastography). Both these technologies are on the way of becoming commer cially available on medium and high-end US instruments. But they must still be considered as research tools because their diagnostic efficacy requires more widely clinicaltesting.
Published in DiRROS: 01.12.2023; Views: 204; Downloads: 60
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Abstract: Background. Lastly the X ray facilities are moving to a slow, but continuous process of digitalization. The dry laser printers allow hardcopy images with optimum resolution and contrast for all the modalities. In breast imaging, thedelay of digitalization depends to the high cost of digital systems and, attimes, to the doubts of the diagnostic accuracy of reading the breast digital images. Conclusions. The Screen film mammography (SFM) is the most efficient diagnostic modality to detect the breast cancer in early stage and with reasonable cost. The digital mammography (DM) with the independent capturing, displaying, processing, printing and archiving phases, makes possible an optimisation of the image guality for each, single phase, assuringa satisfactory diagnosis.
Published in DiRROS: 01.12.2023; Views: 234; Downloads: 52
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Abstract: Izhodišča. Razvoj kirurškega zdravljenja raka dojk je šel v zadnjih treh desetletjih v smer vedno manj obsežne kirurgije. Izkazalo se je, da takšno kirurško zdravljenje varno in ne ogroža preživetja bolnic z rakom dojk. v zadnjem desetletju je bil z uvajanjem novih kirurških metod napravljen nov velik korak k čim manj invazivnemu zdravljenju raka dojk. Diagnostična ali terapevtska kirurška odstranitev netipnih lezij dojk je možna šele po predhodni rentgensko ali ultrazvočno vodeni lokalizaciji. Zaključki. Nova metoda lokalizacije netipnih lezij dojk z radioaktivnim izotopom (ROLL) ima številne prednosti v primerjavi z lokalizacijo z žico: večji delež v zdravo izrezanih rakov v prvi operaciji, manjši delež ponovnih operacij, manjša teža vzorca in zato boljši kozmetični učinek. Biopsija prve bezgavke v regionalni bezgavčni loži omogoča izbiro bolnic, ki v pazdušnih bezgavkah nimajo zasevkovin jim zato ni potrebno odstranjevati vseh pazdušnih bezgavk. Bolnicambrez zasevkov v pazdušnih bezgavkah na ta način prihranimo škodljive posledice odstranitve bezgavk. Doslej opravljene raziskave so pokazale, da nove minimalno invazivne kirurške metode omogočajo učinkovito, varno in s tem racionalno zdravljenje zgodnjega raka dojk.
Published in DiRROS: 01.12.2023; Views: 238; Downloads: 64
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