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3. The occurrence of the jellyfish Aequorea cf. forskalea in the Adriatic Sea : comparison of historical and recent dataAlenka Malej, Davor Lučić, Natalia Bojanić, Martin Vodopivec, Paolo Paliaga, Branka Pestorić, Ivana Violić, Nastjenjka Supić, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Jellyfish are becoming an increasingly important component of studies of the global marine environment, as their frequent mass phenomena affect ecosystem performance and have economic and health consequences. Recent research has focused primarily on mass occurrences of scyphozoans and ctenophores, while less attention has been paid to hydromedusae blooms, which can also have significant impacts on the marine ecosystem with economic consequences. Like many members of the Scyphozoa and Ctenophora, Aequorea species can be numerous and form blooms. Based on surveys from 2000 to 2020 and information provided by marine professionals, we examine the (multiannual) variability, seasonality, and spatial distribution patterns of the poorly studied temperate species Aequorea cf. forskalea (Hydrozoa: Leptothecata). We hypothesized that this macrogelatinous jellyfish with a bipartite life cycle (benthic polyps and planktonic medusae) is sensitive to seasonal and long-term temperature fluctuations, particularly because temperature has been shown to play a critical role in mediating transitions in the life cycle of cnidarians. The cold-water affinity of A. cf. forskalea was confirmed by a significant negative correlation with temperature and the most frequent occurrence during the winter-spring period. For the northern Adriatic (Gulf of Trieste), sea temperature data and semi-quantitative plankton data are available for the first decade of the 20th century, allowing comparison of the historical data (1900-1911) with our current data set. Compared to historical records, the current occurrence of A. cf. forskalea differs significantly. With the warming of the northern Adriatic Sea since the beginning of the 20th century, the current phenology of A. cf. forskalea has changed, probably related to the delayed production of medusae by hydroids in autumn, the absence of medusae in this season and their less frequent occurrence in winter.
Keywords: hydromedusae, blooms, long-term monitoring, multiannual variability, Mediterranean Sea
Published in DiRROS: 31.07.2024; Views: 7; Downloads: 4
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4. Bryophyte diversity, composition and functional traits in relation to bedrock and tree species composition in close-to-nature managed forestsnot set Abstract: Bryophytes respond to a variety of environmental factors, including tree species composition and geological conditions, which are influenced by both natural and anthropogenic factors. Bryophytes growing on a variety of substrates were identified in ICP Forests monitoring plots in a wide range of close-to-nature managed forests, from lowland to high mountain areas in Slovenia. Based on data on tree layer composition (broadleaves vs. conifers) and on bedrock and soil type (calcareous vs. siliceous bedrock), all study plots were classified into five groups representing forest types. Different ordination analyses and statistical tests were used to represent differences between forest types in bryophyte composition, richness and functional traits. Almost 200 bryophyte species were identified in managed forests, with the most common being Hypnum cupressiforme, Brachytheciastrum velutinum and Polytrichum formosum. Bryophyte species composition varied considerably along the tree species composition and edaphic gradients represented by the selected forest types. Bryophyte species richness was significantly higher on calcareous bedrock than on siliceous bedrock. The higher occurrence of rocks on the ground surface may significantly increase the availability of various microhabitats for bryophytes. Bedrock had a significant influence on the functional diversity and composition of bryophytes, while tree species composition had less influence. Bedrock and tree species composition are important drivers of bryophyte species composition and diversity at taxonomic and functional trait levels. The high diversity of bryophyte species in Slovenian forests can also be attributed to close-to-nature and sustainable forest management practices that preserve favourable microclimatic conditions in forest stands and maintain diverse substrates.
Published in DiRROS: 30.07.2024; Views: 37; Downloads: 12
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5. Fenton-like photocatalyzed degradation of dibutyl phthalate with goethite and carboxylic acidsnot set Abstract: Detailed investigation of photocatalyzed degradation of dibutyl phthalate (DBP), an endocrine disrupter, in the presence of α-FeOOH (goethite) and different carboxylic acids is the focus of this study. To get a better insight into the efficiency of the degradation, the influence of different parameters, such as concentration of total Fe and Fe(II), dissolved oxygen, DBP concentration, pH and salinity is investigated. The reaction mechanism consists of several interrelationship steps. The first step is the chemical reaction of carboxylic acid groups of the organic acids with hydroxyl groups of the α-FeOOH and a charge transfer upon illumination generating Fe(II). The second step is the release of Fe(II) into the solution followed by H2O2 oxidation to form highly photoactive hydroxyl complex of iron(III) and ˙OH. Simultaneously, the superoxide radical O2˙− and hydroperoxyl radical is formed in acidic solutions in presence of carboxylic acids as well. This mechanism explains the genesis of different reactive species oxidizing DBP. From the variety of the studied carboxylic acids (oxalic, citric, salicylic, pyruvic, maleic, and fumaric), oxalic acid is the best Fe-ligand for the photoreductive dissolution of goethite. Concentrations of the total amount of Fe and its dissociated forms Fe(II) as well as oxygen and hydroxyl radicals play a fundamental role in efficiency of DBP degradation. The photodegradation of DBP with goethite and the use of suitable carboxylic acids under optimized reaction conditions could be an efficient process for decontamination of polluted waters.
Published in DiRROS: 30.07.2024; Views: 26; Downloads: 9
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6. First records of two Cuthona species (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia) in the Adriatic seaLovrenc Lipej, Borut Mavrič, Domen Trkov, 2015, original scientific article Abstract: Authors are reporting on the first records of two nudibranch species of the genus Cuthona in the Slovenian part of the Adriatic Sea. In the period from September 2014 to March 2015, specimens of Cuthona genovae and C. miniostriata were found at different localities in the mediolittoral and upper infralittoral belts. The findings of both Cuthona species represent the first records in the Adriatic Sea.
Published in DiRROS: 29.07.2024; Views: 41; Downloads: 17
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7. Extraction of DNA from different sample types - a practical approach for GMO testingJana Žel, Tina Demšar, Dejan Štebih, Mojca Milavec, Kristina Gruden, 2015, original scientific article Abstract: Current methods based on DNA targets for the detection, identification and quantification of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) involve extraction of the DNA. Different extraction procedures have been developed for the great variety
of samples from food, feed, seeds and particular plant parts. This makes the operation of routine analytical laboratories complex and workloads heavy. Here we present a decision-making system, developed over many years of GMO testing on different samples, that result in the application of only a few extraction methods for the majority of samples. Developed decision-making system enables quicker and more cost effective testing of GMOs. In addition, the performance of DNA extraction resulting from the use of the selected extraction methods is presented for use in subsequent testing of GMOs by real time PCR methods. This approach can be used as a model for similar systems based on nucleic acid analysis in food, feed, seeds and plants.
Keywords: extraction methods, genetically modified organisms, GMO, decision- making system (biology), GMO testing, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB
Published in DiRROS: 29.07.2024; Views: 30; Downloads: 15
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8. Patterns in invertebrate drift from an alpine karst aquifer over a one year periodMaja Opalički, 2015, original scientific article Abstract: Patterns in invertebrate drift in the alpine karst Lipnik spring (Julian Alps, Slovenia) were investigated over a one year period. Monthly samplings of one permanent and two temporary springs, and one sampling of a spring brook benthos, yielded 23 Copepoda and Ostracoda species. More species (12) were found in the permanent than in the temporary springs (8 and 7), Elaphoidella phreatica (Sars, 1862) being the most frequent in all of them. No correlation was observed between precipitation and drift densities or the numbers of species in the permanent spring. In the temporary springs there were correlations between precipitation and the Shannon diversity index, equitability and changes in community composition. Conductivity of the water was the only physical parameter in the springs that correlated with precipitation. Species accumulation curves reached the asymptotes in all the springs but not for benthos.
Keywords: alpine karst aquifer, groundwater, drift
Published in DiRROS: 29.07.2024; Views: 39; Downloads: 21
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9. Additional record of the non-indigenous copepod Pseudodiaptomus marinus (Sato, 1913) in the Adriatic SeaDavor Lučić, Patricija Mozetič, Janja Francé, Petra Lučić, Lovrenc Lipej, 2015, original scientific article Abstract: The Indo-Pacific egg-carrying copepod Pseudodiaptomus marinus Sato, 1913 was recorded for the first time in the Port of Koper, Slovenia (Gulf of Trieste) in February 2015. This is the fourth finding of this species in the Mediterranean Sea, and the third for the Adriatic Sea. A rather high abundance of 73 ind. m-3 was recorded, which is considerably higher than previous findings in the Adriatic. Maritime transport is presumed to be the main cause of its introduction, primarily through ballast water release. Repeat sampling in May confirmed the presence of this copepod, indicating the possibility that the species has established a stable population in the Port of Koper.
Keywords: copepods, Adriatic Sea, mesozooplankton, ballast waters
Published in DiRROS: 29.07.2024; Views: 40; Downloads: 12
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10. Improvement of root architecture under abiotic stress through control of auxin homeostasis in Arabidopsis and Brassica cropsBranka Salopek-Sondi, Stephan Pollmann, Kristina Gruden, Ralf Oelmüller, Jutta Ludwig-Müller, 2015, original scientific article Abstract: Auxin plays an important role in many aspects of plant development including stress responses. Here we briefly summarize how auxin is involved in salt stress, drought (i.e. mostly osmotic stress), waterlogging and nutrient deficiency in Brassica plants. In addition, some mechanisms to control auxin levels and signaling in relation to root formation (under stress) will be reviewed. Molecular studies are mainly described for the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, but we also like to demonstrate how this knowledge can be transferred to agriculturally important Brassica species, such as Brassica rapa, Brassica napus and Brassica campestris. Moreover, beneficial fungi could play a role in the adaptation response of Brassica roots to abiotic stresses. Therefore, the possible influence of Piriformospora indica will also be covered since the growth promoting response of plants colonized by P. indica is also linked to plant hormones, among them auxin.
Keywords: auxin, root development, abiotic stress
Published in DiRROS: 29.07.2024; Views: 38; Downloads: 12
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