1241. Oral verrucous carcinoma : a diagnostic and therapeutic challengeNejc Krištofelc, Nina Zidar, Primož Strojan, 2023, review article Abstract: Background. Verrucous carcinoma is a low-grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma with specific morphologic, cytokinetic and clinical features. Despite low mitotic activity and slow growth, it can infiltrate adjacent tissues in advanced stages but does not metastasize. The most frequently affected site is the oral cavity. The following article provides latest updates in the etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostics and treatment options in oral verrucous car-cinoma and discusses the existing dilemmas linked to this unique malignancy.Conclusions. Oral verrucous carcinoma must be differentiated from conventional squamous cell carcinoma due to its less aggressive behaviour with a more favourable prognosis. Close communication between clinician and patholo-gist is mandatory for making a correct diagnosis. Primary surgery with negative surgical margins seems to be the most successful treatment. However, management recommendations are not uniform since they are mostly based on case reports and small retrospective case series. Prospective and pooled multi-institutional studies are therefore needed.
Keywords: verrucous carcinoma, oral verrucous carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma
Published in DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Views: 322; Downloads: 236
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1242. The five-year KRAS, NRAS and BRAF analysis results and treatment patterns in daily clinical practice in Slovenia in 1st line treatment of metastatic colorectal (mCRC) patients with RASwild-type tumour (wtRAS) : a real- life data report 2013–2018Tanja Mesti, Martina Reberšek, Janja Ocvirk, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Background. We preformed a Phase IV non-interventional study to assess KRAS, NRAS and BRAF status in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients suitable for 1st line treatment and to evaluate the decisions for 1st line treatment considering the treatment goals in the RAS wild type (wt) patients. The aim of our study was also to evaluate the influ-ence of a waiting period for biomarkers analysis on the start of first-line treatment.Patients and methods. Patients with histologically confirmed mCRC adenocarcinoma suitable for first-line treat-ment fulfilling all inclusion criteria were included in the study. The KRAS, NRAS and BRAF analysis was performed from tissue samples of primary tumor site or metastatic site. All included patients have given consent to participate in the study by signing the informed consent form. Results. From April 2013 to March 2018 at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana 650 patients were included, 637 of them were treated with first- line systemic treatment according to RAS and BRAF status. Remaining 13 patients with mCRC did not receive systemic first-line treatment. The distribution of patients with KRAS mutated and wild-type tumors, was almost equal, 48.8% and 47.9% respectively, 89 % of the patients had wt NRAS tumours and 86.1% had wt BRAF tu-mours. The most frequently prescribed treatment was bevacizumab-based therapy (53.1%), either in combination with doublet chemotherapy or with mono-chemotherapy. EGFR inhibitors cetuximab and panitumumab were prescribed in wt RAS mCRC patients (30.9%). The waiting period for biomarkers analysis was two weeks.Conclusions. Our real-world data, single centre 5-year analysis showed that the distribution between wild type and mutated type tumors of the patients with mCRC was approximately the same, as worldwide, so the Slovenian popula-tion with mCRC has the same ratio distribution of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF wild and mutated genes. We concluded that a two-week waiting period for biomarkers analysis did not influence the first line treatment decision, so it was in the accordance with the worldwide treatment guidelines based on evidence-based medicine.
Keywords: metastatic colorectal cancer, RAS and BRAF biomarkers, systemic treatment
Published in DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Views: 313; Downloads: 133
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1243. Treatment of vulvar cancer recurrences with electrochemotherapy : a detailed analysis of possible causes for unsuccessful treatmentGregor Vivod, Tanja Jesenko, Gorana Gašljević, Nina Kovačević, Maša Omerzel, Gregor Serša, Sebastjan Merlo, Maja Čemažar, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Background. Electrochemotherapy has good local effectiveness in the treatment of vulvar cancer. Most studies have reported the safety and effectiveness of electrochemotherapy for palliative treatment of gynecological cancers and mostly vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Some tumors, however, fail to respond to electrochemotherapy. The biological features/determinants for the nonresponsiveness are not determined yet. Patient and methods. A recurrence of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma was treated by electrochemotherapy using intravenous administration of bleomycin. The treatment was performed by hexagonal electrodes according to standard operating procedures. We analyzed the factors that could determine nonresponsiveness to electrochemotherapy. Results. Based on the presented case of nonresponsive vulvar recurrence to electrochemotherapy, we hypothesize that the vasculature of the tumors prior to treatment may predict the response to electrochemotherapy. The histological analysis showed minimal presence of blood vessels in the tumor. Thus, low perfusion may reduce drug delivery and lead to a lower response rate because of the minor antitumor effectiveness of vascular disruption. In this case, no immune response in the tumor was elicited by electrochemotherapy. Conclusions. In this case, of nonresponsive vulvar recurrence treated by electrochemotherapy, we analyzed possible factors that could predict treatment failure. Based on histological analysis, low vascularization of the tumor was observed, which hampered drug delivery and distribution and resulted in no vascular disrupting action of electrochemotherapy. All these factors could contribute to ineffective treatment with electrochemotherapy.
Keywords: electrochemotherapy, bleomycin, vulvar cancer
Published in DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Views: 329; Downloads: 178
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1244. Estimating exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields near high-voltage power lines and assessment of possible increased cancer risk among Slovenian children and adolescentsTina Žagar, Blaž Valič, Tadej Kotnik, Sara Korat, Sonja Tomšič, Vesna Zadnik, Peter Gajšek, 2023, original scientific article Keywords: exposure assessment, childhood cancer, extremely low frequency magnetic fields, modelling, high voltage power lines
Published in DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Views: 341; Downloads: 673
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1247. Assisted tree migration can preserve the European forest carbon sink under climate changeDebojyoti Chakraborty, Albert Ciceu, Dalibor Ballian, Marta Benito Garzón, Andreas Bolte, Gregor Božič, Rafael Buchacher, Jaroslav Čepl, Eva Cremer, Alexis Ducousso, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Climate change threatens the role of European forests as a long-term carbon sink. Assisted migration aims to increase the resilience of forest tree populations to climate change, using species-specific climatic limits and local adaptations through transferring seed provenances. We modelled assisted migration scenarios for seven main European tree species and analysed the effects of species and seed provenance selection, accounting for environmental and genetic variations, on the annual above-ground carbon sink of regrowing juvenile forests. To increase forest resilience, coniferous trees need to be replaced by deciduous species over large parts of their distribution. If local seed provenances are used, this would result in a decrease of the current carbon sink (40 TgC yr−1) by 34–41% by 2061–2080. However, if seed provenances adapted to future climates are used, current sinks could be maintained or even increased to 48–60 TgC yr−1.
Keywords: forest resilience, forest, Europe, carbon sink, climate change, assisted migration, transferring seed provenances
Published in DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Views: 353; Downloads: 254
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1248. Poročilo o obročkanju ptic v Sloveniji v letu 2016 in pojavljanje mušje listnice Phylloscopus inornatus v 25 letih v SlovenijiAl Vrezec, Dare Fekonja, 2017, original scientific article Abstract: V okviru obročkovalne dejavnosti v Sloveniji smo v letu 2016 zbrali podatke o 176 vrstah ptic. Obročkali smo 65.711 ptic 165 vrst, zabeležili 148 domačih, 245 tujih in 1840 lokalnih najdb. Največ je bilo obročkanih črnoglavk Sylvia atricapilla, med mladiči v gnezdu pa so prevladovale velike sinice Parus major, poljski vrabci Passer montanus in bele štorklje Ciconia ciconia. Med domačimi in tujimi najdbami so prevladovale najdbe na osnovi branja barvno obročkanih ptic, zlasti rečnih galebov Chroicocephalus ridibundus, labodov grbcev Cygnus olor in navadnih čiger Sterna hirundo. Med lokalnimi najdbami so prevladovale najdbe velikih sinic in čižkov Spinus spinus. Med redkimi vrstami so bili v letu 2016 obročkani dve mušji listnici Phylloscopus inornatus, plevelna trstnica Acrocephalus agricola, mali strnad Emberiza pusilla in pojoči samec črnoglavega strnada Emberiza melanocephala, ki je v Sloveniji leta 2016 verjetno tudi gnezdil. Število ujetih mušjih listnic se v zadnjih 25 letih sicer povečuje, a vrsta je v Sloveniji še vedno redek in nereden gost na jesenski selitvi.
Keywords: obročkanje, najdbe, Slovenija, 2016
Published in DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Views: 287; Downloads: 157
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1249. High-quality genome sequence of the radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus ficus KS 0460Vera Y. Matrosova, Elena K. Gaidamakova, Kira S. Makarova, Olga Grichenko, Polina Klimenkova, Robert P. Volpe, Rok Tkavc, Gözen Ertem, Isabel H. Conze, Evelyne Brambilla, Nina Gunde-Cimerman, Tine Grebenc, Cene Gostinčar, 2017, original scientific article Abstract: The genetic platforms of Deinococcus species remain the only systems in which massive ionizing radiation (IR)-induced genome damage can be investigated in vivo at exposures commensurate with cellular survival. We report the whole genome sequence of the extremely IR-resistant rod-shaped bacterium Deinococcus ficus KS 0460 and its phenotypic characterization. Deinococcus ficus KS 0460 has been studied since 1987, first under the name Deinobacter grandis, then Deinococcus grandis. The D. ficus KS 0460 genome consists of a 4.019 Mbp sequence (69.7% GC content and 3894 predicted genes) divided into six genome partitions, five of which are confirmed to be circular. Circularity was determined manually by mate pair linkage. Approximately 76% of the predicted proteins contained identifiable Pfam domains and 72% were assigned to COGs. Of all D. ficus KS 0460 proteins, 79% and 70% had homologues in Deinococcus radiodurans ATCC BAA-816 and Deinococcus geothermalis DSM 11300, respectively. The most striking differences between D. ficus KS 0460 and D. radiodurans BAA-816 identified by the comparison of the KEGG pathways were as follows: (i) D. ficus lacks nine enzymes of purine degradation present in D. radiodurans, and (ii) D. ficus contains eight enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism, including nitrate and nitrite reductases, that D. radiodurans lacks. Moreover, genes previously considered to be important to IR resistance are missing in D. ficus KS 0460, namely, for the Mn-transporter nramp, and proteins DdrF, DdrJ and DdrK, all of which are also missing in Deinococcus deserti. Otherwise, D. ficus KS 0460 exemplifies the Deinococcus lineage.
Keywords: Deinococcus-Thermus, Deinococcaceae, Deinococcus ficus, radiation-resistant, rod-shaped, phenotype characterization, genome analysis, phylogenetic analysis
Published in DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Views: 347; Downloads: 239
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