21. Pomlajevanje in ekološke lastnosti rdečega hrasta (Quercus rubra L.)Dušan Roženbergar, Jurij Diaci, Matteo Bottosso, Tim Pirc, Blaž Fricelj, Kristjan Jarni, Andrej Rozman, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: V članku obravnavamo ekologijo, potencialno invazivnost, pomlajevanje, razširjenost in lastnosti rdečega hrasta (Quercus rubra L.) v Sloveniji. V čistem sestoju rdečega hrasta v Panovcu smo s pomočjo transektov (3 ploskve velikosti 4 × 4 m na transekt) v smeri proti sosednjim pretežno gradnovim sestojem analizirali drevesno sestavo in zastiranje mladja. Ugotovili smo, da se rdeči hrast v pasu do 50 m od matičnega sestoja dobro pomlajuje s povprečnimi gostotami okoli 40.000 osebkov na hektar. Zastiranje mladja rdečega hrasta je bilo na robu matičnega sestoja 79 % in se je v oddaljenosti 50 m zmanjšalo na 21 %, medtem ko je delež zastrtosti z mladjem gradna povečal s 4 % na robu sestoja na 39 % 50 m stran. Širjenje rdečega hrasta zunaj matičnih sestojev je razmeroma omejeno in ga je mogoče nadzorovati s pomočjo rednih gozdnogojitvenih ukrepov. Cilj na takih območjih so mešani sestoji, ki vključujejo rdeči hrast, ki hitro raste, je odporen na posledice podnebnih sprememb in ga je mogoče vzgojiti za pridelavo kakovostnega lesa. Keywords: hrast, nega gozda, pomlajevanje, invazivni potencial, tujerodne drevesne vrste Published in DiRROS: 19.12.2024; Views: 539; Downloads: 20 Full text (3,43 MB) |
22. Autumn phenology of mountain birch at the sub-arctic treeline in comparison with silver birch in the cold and mild temperate zonePaolo Zuccarini, Friederike Gehrmann, Manuela Balzarolo, Omar Flores, Jožica Gričar, Bertold Mariën, Matteo Campioli, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Lack of knowledge on autumn phenology of deciduous trees still exists for high-latitude regions. We studied the leaf and wood growth autumn phenology of mountain birch in a sub-arctic climate (northern Sweden) and compared them with the same dynamics for silver birch in a temperate climate (southern Norway and Belgium). The first autumn phenophase for mountain birch was the decline of the remotely sensed Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (TCI) at the end of July. This was followed by wood growth cessation, onset of chlorophyll degradation and of loss of canopy greenness, and the latter accompanied by onset of anthocyanin production and flavonoids degradation. The earlier timing of TCI decline than chlorophyll degradation was probably due to the different scales of measurements (ecosystem level vs. tree leaves, respectively). In 2020, the decline in canopy greenness started in the same period at the three studied sites, showing an unexpected early timing for Belgium, likely due to the very warm late summer conditions and drought stress or intraseasonal legacy effects. Accordingly, wood growth cessation also occurred unexpectedly earlier in Belgium than in Norway. The end of senescence was inversely related to latitude. Our study presents, for the first time, the autumn timeline of a deciduous species at the northern treeline, and indicates that the timing of autumn phenology of birch populations does not consistently follow the latitudinal gradient but varies according to the phenophase, the scale of measurements and the current year meteorological conditions. Keywords: Betula pendula, Betula pubescens, deciduous trees, leaf senescence, terrestrial chlorophyll index, wood phenology Published in DiRROS: 19.12.2024; Views: 48; Downloads: 19 Full text (2,31 MB) This document has many files! More... |
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26. D1.5 Summary of qualitative feedback from WINBLUE Labs : WINBLUE, empowering women and mainstreaming gender equality in the blue economyAna Rotter, Ernesta Grigalionyte-Bembič, Patrizia Grifoni, Noemi Biancone, 2024, treatise, preliminary study, study Keywords: gender equality, marine biotechnology, blue economy Published in DiRROS: 19.12.2024; Views: 34; Downloads: 7 Full text (787,48 KB) |
27. D1.4 Qualitative feedback from WINBLUE Labs : WINBLUE, empowering women and mainstreaming gender equality in the blue economyAna Rotter, Ernesta Grigalionyte-Bembič, 2024, treatise, preliminary study, study Abstract: The WINBLUE project takes a multi-actor, data-driven, trans-sectoral and practice-cantered approach to accelerate the empowerment of women in the blue economy. For this reason, the collection qualitative data has been performed. The data collection exercise analysed in this Deliverable, is essential to identify challenges faced by women working in the WINBLUE selected sectors and to provide a basis for establishing future recommendations. The main messages identified in the Deliverable are: 1. Understanding gender and gender equality. For many years, gender equality was considered only as the gender distribution of women and men employed in an organization. This has been changed only in recent years, especially by requesting the adoption of the Gender Equality Plans. 2. Gender Equality Plan (GEP). The EU encouraged the mandatory adoption of GEPs in public organisations if the organisation wants obtain EU funding. If it was not enforced by the EU, many legal entities would not introduce it. However, many organizations see this as a formal “tick the box” exercise without its formal implementation. Nevertheless, in blue economy, where a lot of workforce operates in private or non-governmental entities, GEPs can also be of high value to make structural and cultural changes in individual organizations. 3. Obstacles, such as stereotypes, traditions, mentality and prejudices are still very present in today's society and represent one of the biggest obstacles for women when entering or trying to move up in the sectors of the blue economy selected by WINBLUE (Blue circular bioeconomy and biotechnology, Fisheries and aquaculture, Sustainable coastal and marine tourism, Offshore renewable energy, Cutting-edge marine technologies and others, such as marine education, marine policy, port management, navigation). An important obstacle to mention is motherhood and balancing work and family life. This is not only related to maternity leave and at least one year's absence from work, but also to caring responsibilities and domestic duties, as well as ineffective institutional or national policies on work-life balance. In addition, women are subject to enormous social pressure with regard to role models, family and their life choices. 4. Education plays a very important role in raising awareness, fighting stereotypes, changing mindsets and raising new generations who will understand the meaning and importance of gender equality. It starts at an early age with the first lessons learned from parents and continues at school, university and vocational training. Hence, educational activities should be an integral part of any GEPs. 5. Recruitment and promotion. Gender alone should not be a factor in hiring and promotion. The decision to recruit or promote a person should be made on the basis of the candidate’s skills, abilities, competencies and experience. However, to address unconscious bias and ensure transparent recruitment and promotion procedures, clear guidelines with standardized questions and tasks should be established and records of the selection/promotion process should be kept so that the transparency of the process can be reviewed if necessary. Recruitment and promotion committees should be composed of both male and female employees. 6. Creation of support networks is mostly seen as a valuable tool that can provide mutual support, exchange of good practices and introduce ambassadors with good practice examples. 7. The WINBLUE project, in particular the qualitative and quantitative data collection, as well as the GEP models can make a decisive contribution to introducing changes in the blue economy sector, improving the representation of women in this sector and increasing their number in leadership positions. The WINBLUE project is a good starting point to raise awareness and increase the visibility of women in the blue economy sector. 8. Sustainability of the results of this project should already be considered at this point, during its implementation stage. This entails that through identified stakeholders, activities and GEPs proposed, the systematic quantitative and qualitative data analysis should be maintained and regular monitoring of GEP implementation should be established, including the collaboration with national and international legislative/funding organizations and other organizations from the blue economy sector. Keywords: gender equality, marine biotechnology, blue economy Published in DiRROS: 19.12.2024; Views: 33; Downloads: 8 Full text (2,74 MB) |
28. Dealing with the complexity of effective population size in conservation practiceAncuta Cotovelea Fedorca, Joachim Mergeay, Adejoke O. Akinyele, Tamer Albayrak, Iris Biebach, Alice Brambilla, Pamela Burger, Elena Bužan, Ino Čurik, Roberta Gargiulo, Marjana Westergren, 2024, review article Abstract: Effective population size (Ne) is one of the most important parameters in evolutionary biology, as it is linked to the long-term survival capability of species. Therefore, Ne greatly interests conservation geneticists, but it is also very relevant to policymakers, managers, and conservation practitioners. Molecular methods to estimate Ne rely on various assumptions, including no immigration, panmixia, random sampling, absence of spatial genetic structure, and/or mutation-drift equilibrium. Species are, however, often characterized by fragmented populations under changing environmental conditions and anthropogenic pressure. Therefore, the estimation methods' assumptions are seldom addressed and rarely met, possibly leading to biased and inaccurate Ne estimates. To address the challenges associated with estimating Ne for conservation purposes, the COST Action 18134, Genomic Biodiversity Knowledge for Resilient Ecosystems (G-BiKE), organized an international workshop that met in August 2022 in Brașov, Romania. The overarching goal was to operationalize the current knowledge of Ne estimation methods for conservation practitioners and decision-makers. We set out to identify datasets to evaluate the sensitivity of Ne estimation methods to violations of underlying assumptions and to develop data analysis strategies that addressed pressing issues in biodiversity monitoring and conservation. Referring to a comprehensive body of scientific work on Ne, this meeting report is not intended to be exhaustive but rather to present approaches, workshop findings, and a collection of papers that serve as fruits of those efforts. We aimed to provide insights and opportunities to help bridge the gap between scientific research and conservation practice. Keywords: Ne, effective population size, inbreeding Published in DiRROS: 19.12.2024; Views: 39; Downloads: 16 Full text (2,70 MB) This document has many files! More... |
29. Sulfur speciation in Li–S batteries determined by operando laboratory X-ray emission spectroscopyAva Rajh, Alen Vižintin, Joanna Hoszowska, Robert Dominko, Matjaž Kavčič, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: In this work, operando sulfur X-ray emission measurementson a Li−S battery cathode were performed using a laboratory setup as analternative to more common synchrotron radiation based absorptionstudies. Photoexcitation by an X-ray tube was used. Valence-to-core Kβ X-ray emission spectra were recorded with a wavelength dispersive crystalspectrometer in von Hamos geometry, providing excellent energyresolution and good detection efficiency. The setup was used to recordex situ S Kβ emission spectra from S cathodes from the Li−S battery andalso under operando conditions. Average S oxidation state within thebattery cathode during battery cycling was determined from the shape ofthe Kβ emission spectra. A more detailed S species characterization wasperformed by fitting a linear combination of previously measuredlaboratory synthesized standards to the measured spectra. Relative amounts of different S species in the cathode were determinedduring the cycling of the Li−S battery. The main advantage of X-ray emission spectroscopy is that it can be performed onconcentrated samples with S loading comparable to a real battery. The approach shows great promise for routine laboratory analysisof electrochemical processes in Li−S batteries and other sulfur-based systems under operando conditions. Keywords: X-ray emission spectroscopy, lithium−sulfur batteries, operando measurements, oxidation state, von Hamos spectrometer Published in DiRROS: 19.12.2024; Views: 41; Downloads: 24 Full text (2,22 MB) This document has many files! More... |
30. Light-assisted catalysis and the dynamic nature of surface species in the reverse water gas shift reaction over ▫$Cu/\gamma-Al_2O_3$▫Kristijan Lorber, Iztok Arčon, Matej Huš, Janez Zavašnik, Jordi Sancho-Parramon, Anže Prašnikar, Blaž Likozar, Nataša Novak Tušar, Petar Djinović, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: The reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction converts CO2 and H2 into CO and water. We investigated Cu/γ-Al2O3 catalysts in both thermally driven and light-assisted RWGS reactions using visible light. When driven by combined visible light and thermal energy, the CO2 conversion rates were lower than in the dark. Light-assisted reactions showed an increase in the apparent activation energy from 68 to 87 kJ/mol, indicating that light disrupts the energetically favorable pathway active in the dark. A linear correlation between irradiance and decreasing reaction rate suggests a photon-driven phenomenon. In situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and TD-DFT analyses revealed that catalyst illumination causes significant, partly irreversible surface dehydroxylation, highlighting the importance of OH groups in the most favorable RWGS pathway. This study offers a novel approach to manipulate surface species and control activity in the RWGS reaction. Published in DiRROS: 19.12.2024; Views: 58; Downloads: 37 Full text (1,87 MB) This document has many files! More... |