1. Prevalence of familial hypercholesterolemia in Pakistan : a pooled analysis of 1.5 million individuals and comparison with other countries of the regionAmjad Nawaz, Madeeha Khan, Quratul Ain, Jaka Šikonja, Hijab Batool, Muhammad Qasim Hayat, Mohammad Iqbal Khan, Urh Grošelj, Fouzia Sadiq, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disorder that causes elevated LDL-C levels leading to premature cardiovascular disease but remains underdiagnosed. This study aims to determine the prevalence of FH in Pakistan using data from multiple laboratory networks and compare it with other counties of the region. Methods: The study analyzed lipid profile data from two large laboratory networks in Pakistan, applying Make Early Diagnosis to Prevent Early Death (MEDPED) LDL-C criteria for the general population to identify FH cases. A pooled prevalence estimate of prevalence of FH in Pakistan was calculated by combining the data of studies reporting prevalence in Pakistan. A systematic review was conducted to assess FH prevalence in South and Southeast Asian countries. Results: Analysis of 545,087 individuals (Median age 45 years, 58.2% males) identified 2,911 FH cases [0.55%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.53–0.57%), equivalent to a prevalence of 1:182. Pooled analysis with a previous Pakistani study, totaling 1,533,393 subjects, estimated the overall FH prevalence in Pakistan at 1:273 (95% CI: 0.21–0.64%). Prevalence decreased with age, being highest in the
Ključne besede: familial hypercholesterolemia, prevalence, cardiovascular disease, Pakistan, South Asia, Southeast Asia, screening
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 04.12.2025; Ogledov: 45; Prenosov: 21
 Celotno besedilo (1,28 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
2. Prevalence of sarcopenia among Slovenian older adults and associated risk factorsKatarina Puš, Saša Pišot, Uroš Marušič, Manca Peskar, Kaja Teraž, Miloš Kalc, Helena Blažun Vošner, Peter Kokol, Jernej Završnik, Boštjan Šimunič, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Introduction: Sarcopenia is a multifaceted condition affecting between 10 and 16% of the global population, and although multiple classification algorithms exist, no prevalence has been reported for a representative sample of the Slovenian population. Furthermore, multiple behavioural factors, such as malnutrition, physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle and lower cognitive function, can contribute to the risk of sarcopenia. This study aims to: a) determine sarcopenia prevalence among Slovenian older adults according to different classification algorithms, b) compare the agreement among the algorithms and c) evaluate the relationship between proposed risk factors and sarcopenia. Methods: 654 participants (≥60 years, 30.4% males) have been classified into sarcopenia groups according to eight algorithms, and agreement (Fleiss K) between them was calculated. Additionally, age, sex, nutritional status, physical activity, sedentary levels and cognitive function were assessed as sarcopenia risk/protective factors. Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 was 4.1%, ranging from 2.1% to 15.3%, when classified by all eight algorithms. Overall agreement between algorithms was weak (K=.429; 95% CI .414 to .444) with 0.6% of participants classified as sarcopenic by all eight algorithms. Adequate nutrition and physical activity were identified as protective factors, while age, lower cognitive function and sedentary lifestyle were considered risk factors. Conclusion: Sarcopenia prevalence among the Slovenian general population was lower than in the global population. We can conclude that different sarcopenia algorithms lead to a different prevalence of sarcopenia. It is of great importance to be cautious when comparing prevalences among studies and to further validate the classification algorithms.
Ključne besede: sarcopenia, prevalence, epidemiology, classification algorithms, risk factors
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.03.2025; Ogledov: 598; Prenosov: 322
Celotno besedilo (294,19 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
3. Frequency of physical activity-related injuries among adolescents : an umbrella reviewKerrtu Toivo, Peter Bakalár, Mari Leppänen, Jari Parkkari, Ensar Abazović, Boštjan Šimunič, Kaja Teraž, Marta Malinowska-Cieślik, Jaroslava Kopčáková, Aurel Zelko, Agnieszka Michalska, Dagmar Sigmundova, Rado Pišot, Armin Paravlić, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Objectives: The aim of this umbrella review was to investigate the frequency of physical activity-related injuries (PARI) among adolescents. Our secondary objective was to describe the available reviews of injuries in three settings: organized sports, leisure time physical activity (PA), and school physical education (PE). Methods: We conducted an overview of reviews consistent with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines on the frequency of physical activity related injuries in adolescents. Results: We identified 19 systematic reviews with at least moderate quality to include in the review. We were not able to pool data from reviews and conduct meta-analysis due to heterogeneity of injury definitions, exposure times, and sample demographics. All reviews included studies of injuries sustained in organized sports, and injury incidence was higher during matches than training. No systematic reviews were found focusing on leisure time or school-based PA injuries. Conclusion: High-quality research is essential to understand the frequency of various types of physical activity related injuries among adolescents in organized sports, PE, and leisure time activities to develop more effective prevention strategies.
Ključne besede: physical activity-related injuries, sports injuries, adolescence, frequency, prevalence, incidence
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.01.2025; Ogledov: 706; Prenosov: 366
Celotno besedilo (915,45 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
4. The effectiveness of neuromuscular training warm-up program for injury preventionin adolescent male basketball playersArmin Paravlić, Peter Bakalár, Katarina Puš, Saša Pišot, Miloš Kalc, Kaja Teraž, Luka Šlosar, Manca Peskar, Uroš Marušič, Boštjan Šimunič, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: This study evaluated the effects of a neuromuscular training (NMT) warm-up program on injury incidence,neuromuscular function, and program adherence, maintenance and acceptance in adolescent basketballplayers. A total of 275 players from 20 Slovenian teams (15 ± 1.7 years of age), were randomized into anintervention group (IG, n=129) and a control group (CG, n=146). Over three months, the IG incorporatedNMT into their warm-ups, while the CG followed their usual practice. Measurements of body anthro-pometry, muscle contractile properties, and balance were taken before and after the intervention. Also,the injury incidence, training adherence and maintenance were reported. Both groups showed improvedbalance, with no significant difference between them. However, IG demonstrated reduced delay times inspecific muscles, indicating improved neuromuscular function. Injury prevalence proportion (%) duringthe whole study period was higher in the control group compared to intervention (IG: 10.9% vs. CG:23.3%), and incidence rate. Moreover, the incidence rate ratio for sustaining an injury was 2.6 on average(ranging from 0.88 to 7.07 for tendon and muscle injuries, respectively), indicating significantly lowerinjury risk in IG than CG. These findings highlight the effectiveness of NMT warm-ups in reducing injuryrisk and enhancing neuromuscular function, emphasizing the value of structured injury preventionstrategies in youth sports.
Ključne besede: muscle contractile properties, balance, injury prevalence, training adherence
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.11.2024; Ogledov: 836; Prenosov: 465
Celotno besedilo (895,08 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
5. Cancer burden in Slovenia with the time trends analysisVesna Zadnik, Maja Primic-Žakelj, Katarina Lokar, Katja Jarm, Urška Ivanuš, Tina Žagar, 2017, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background The aim of our study was to describe cancer burden and time trends of all cancers combined, the most frequent as well as the rare cancers in Slovenia. Patients and methods The principal data source was the population-based Cancer Registry of Republic of Slovenia. The cancer burden is presented by incidence and prevalence for the period 1950%2013 and by mortality for years 1985%2013. The time trends were characterized in terms of an average annual percent change estimated by the log-linear joinpoint regression. The Dyba-Hakulinen method was used for estimation of incidence in 2016 and the projections of cancer incidence for the year 2025 were calculated applying the Globocan projection software. Results In recent years, near 14,000 Slovenes were diagnosed with cancer per year and just over 6,000 died; more than 94,000 people who were ever diagnosed with cancer are currently living among us. The total burden of cancer is dominated by five most common cancer sites: skin (non-melanoma), colon and rectum, lung, breast and prostate, together representing almost 60% of all new cancer cases. On average the incidence of common cancers in Slovenia is increasing for 3.0% per year in last decade, but the incidence of rare cancers is stable. Conclusions Because cancer occurs more among the elderly, and additionally more numerous post-war generation is entering this age group, it is expected that the burden of this disease will be growing further, even if the level of risk factors remains the same as today.
Ključne besede: cancer burden, cancer registry, incidence, prevalence
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.05.2024; Ogledov: 1023; Prenosov: 723
Celotno besedilo (557,44 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
6. |
7. Prevalence of and factors associated with healthcare-associated infections in Slovenian acute care hospitals : results of the third national surveyIrena Klavs, Mojca Serdt, Aleš Korošec, Tatjana Lejko-Zupanc, Blaž Pečavar, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Introduction. In the third Slovenian national healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) prevalence survey, conducted within the European point prevalence survey of HAIs and antimicrobial use in acute care hospitals, we estimated the prevalence of all types of HAIs and identified factors associated with them. Methods. Patients were enrolled into a one-day cross-sectional study in November 2017. Descriptive analyses were performed to describe the characteristics of patients, their exposure to invasive procedures and the prevalence of different types of HAIs. Univariate and multivariate analyses of association of having at least one HAI with possible risk factors were performed to identify risk factors. Results. Among 5,743 patients, 4.4% had at least one HAI and an additional 2.2% were still treated for HAIs on the day of the survey, with a prevalence of HAIs of 6.6%. The prevalence of pneumoniae was the highest (1.8%), followed by surgical site infections (1.5%) and urinary tract infections (1.2%). Prevalence of blood stream infections was 0.3%. In intensive care units (ICUs), the prevalence of patients with at least one HAI was 30.6%. Factors associated with HAIs included central vascular catheter (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.1; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 3.1–5.4), peripheral vascular catheter (aOR 3.0; 95% CI: 2.3–3.9), urinary catheter (aOR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.4–2.3). Conclusions. The prevalence of HAIs in Slovenian acute care hospitals in 2017 was substantial, especially in ICUs. HAIs prevention and control is an important public health priority. National surveillance of HAIs in ICUs should be developed to support evidence-based prevention and control.
Ključne besede: healthcare-associated infections, prevalence, survey, risk factors, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.10.2020; Ogledov: 3856; Prenosov: 1594
Celotno besedilo (255,15 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
