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Povzetek: The dialectical relationship between body and mind in learning requires a re-examination of both teaching practices and the broader aims of education. Although studies have consistently demonstrated the benefits of embodied approaches for deeper and more sustainable learning, these approaches remain insufficiently integrated into educational practice. This gap highlights the need to consider how future pedagogues (and teachers) can be supported in developing these approaches during their initial education. The aim of this study was to gain insight into how students double majoring in pedagogy understand embodied learning within the context of initial teacher and pedagogue education in Croatia. Three methods were employed: analysis of study programmes, a student-led classroom tour, and a focus group with eight undergraduate students double majoring in pedagogy. Data sources included recordings, notes, and photographs from the tour, as well as transcriptions of the focus group discussion, all of which were subjected to thematic analysis. The findings revealed that students recognised embodied learning as valuable but continued to perceive the classroom space as sedentary. The study also identified challenges related to students’ bodily self-perception in relation to learning and movement, which may influence their ability to apply embodied learning approaches in practice. Particular attention should therefore be given to preparing future pedagogues and teachers through experiential learning situated within their sociocultural context as a necessary foundation for meaningful changes in practice.
Ključne besede: pedagogy, body-mind dialectic, learning experiences, undergraduate students
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.07.2026; Ogledov: 203; Prenosov: 121
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Povzetek: Conduction system pacing (CSP) is an emerging new method of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), however, one third of patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) have distal conduction disease, which is not amenable to correction with CSP. There is an emerging need for tailored analysis of ventricular depolarization patterns for patient selection for CRT pacing modality. We retrospectively analyzed 12 lead hrECGs, equivalent dipole (ED) trajectories and standard transthoracic echocardiograms of 18 heart failure patients fulfilling Strauss criteria for LBBB and indication for CRT randomized to the CSP arm of the ongoing CSP-Sync study (NCT05155865). Based on achievement of left bundle branch capture with shortening of left ventricular activation time, 12 patients had proximal LBBB (pLBBB group), and 6 had intact proximal LBBB conduction (dLBBB group) with similar average baseline QRS durations between the groups (179±14 ms in the pLBBB and 165±20 ms in the dLBBB group, p = 0.1). All patients fulfilled the Strauss criteria with no significant difference in the additional criterion (R wave > 0.1 mV in V1; p = 0.7). In the pLBBB group ED trajectory had an initial leftward direction (six vs. zero patients, p = 0.03) with a uniform (12 vs. one patient, p < 0.001) and slower (0.57 ± 0.12 m/s in the pLBBB vs. 0.75 ± 0.15 m/s in the dLBBB group, p = 0.01) velocity. After 6 months the pLBBB group achieved greater relative QRS duration shortening (26% ± 8% vs. 14% ± 9%; p < 0.02) and relative reductions in end left ventricle systolic volumes (41.3% ± 17.6% vs. 15.8% ± 6.1%; p = 0.004) with better improvement in ejection fraction (17.1% ± 11.0% vs. 5.5% ± 1.0%; p = 0.02). The ED trajectories from 12-lead hrECGs could better differentiate patients with proximal or distal LBBB than standard 12-lead ECG alone.
Ključne besede: 12-lead electrocardiography, body surface potential mapping, cardiac resynchronization therapy, conduction system pacing, left bundle branch block
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.07.2026; Ogledov: 191; Prenosov: 122
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Povzetek: Background/Objectives: Dyslipidemia is increasingly linked to retinal microvascular changes, yet its impact in pediatric populations remains unclear. Given the retina’s role as a microvascular model, this review evaluates the association between dyslipidemia and retinal vascular alterations in children and adolescents. Methods: We conducted a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to evaluate the association between lipid profiles, body composition, and retinal vascular parameters in individuals younger than 19 years. Four eligible studies were found. Results: Triglyceride (TG) levels, total cholesterol (TC) levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels were associated with smaller retinal arteriole diameters (CRAE), whereas there was no consistent association between venular diameter (CRVE) and lipid levels. In addition, families with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) had lower capillary densities and larger foveal avascular zone areas detected by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) compared to control subjects. The presence of both obesity and dyslipidemia resulted in greater degrees of arteriolar narrowing. Conclusions: These findings suggest that adverse metabolic profiles in childhood may be linked to early microvascular alterations. However, the limited number of heterogeneous studies highlights the need for larger longitudinal investigations.
Ključne besede: body composition, dyslipidemia, retinal vessels, children, familial hypercholesterolemia, optical coherence tomography angiography
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 01.07.2026; Ogledov: 177; Prenosov: 147
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Povzetek: Background: Retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS) are rare tumours of mesenchymal origin, commonly presented as a large tumour mass at time of diagnosis. We investigated the impact of body composition on outcome in patients operated on for primary localized RPS. Patients and methods: We retrospectively analysed data for all patients operated on for primary RPS at our institution between 1999 and 2020. Preoperative skeletal muscle area (SMA), visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue area (VAT and SAT) and muscle radiation attenuation (MRA) were calculated using computed tomography scans at the level of third lumbar vertebra. European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria were applied to define myopenia. Using maximum log-rank statistic method we determined the optimal cut-off values of body composition parameters. Myosteatosis was defined based on determined MRA cut-offs. Results: In total 58 patient were eligible for the study. With a median follow-up of 116 months, the estimated 5-year overall survival (OS) and local-recurrence free survival (LRFS) were 66.8% and 77.6%, respectively. Patients with myopenia had significantly lower 5-year OS compared to non-myopenic (p = 0.009). Skeletal muscle index and subcutaneous adipose tissue index predicted LRFS on univariate analysis (p = 0.052 and p = 0.039, respectively). In multivariate analysis high visceral-to-subcutaneous adipose tissue area ratio (VSR) independently predicted higher postoperative complication rate (89.2% vs. 10.8%, p = 0.008). Myosteatosis was associated with higher postoperative morbidity. Conclusions: Myopenia affected survival, but not postoperative outcome in RPS. Visceral obesity, VSR (> 0.26) and myosteatosis were associated with higher postoperative morbidity. VSR was better prognostic factor than VAT in RPS.
Ključne besede: body composition, cancer cachexia, obesity
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 26.06.2026; Ogledov: 176; Prenosov: 153
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Povzetek: Background Prolonged bed rest is a well-established model for studying the effects of immobility on functional performance, especially gait and postural control. Understanding how these functions deteriorate and recover across age groups is essential for developing targeted rehabilitation strategies. Research question How does a 10-day horizontal bed rest affect gait performance and postural control in young and older adults, and to what extent do these effects differ by age? Methods Following a multistage screening process from a large pool of healthy male volunteers, ten older men (68.5 ± 2.6 years) and ten young men (22.9 ± 4.7 years) completed 10 days of horizontal bed rest in a controlled laboratory setting, followed by a standardized 30-day recovery program. Postural control and gait speed assessed under self-selected and brisk walking conditions were measured before bed rest, immediately after, and following a 30-day recovery program. Results Following bed rest, self-selected walking speed did not differ significantly from baseline in either group. In contrast, brisk walking speed significantly decreased in older (−11.4%, p < 0.05) and young adults (−9.9%, p < 0.05), with both groups returning to baseline values after recovery. Postural control deteriorated significantly in older adults (-15.5%), whereas no significant difference from baseline was observed in young adults. After baseline adjustment, postural control showed a significant group effect both after bed rest (η² > 0.244) and post-recovery (η² > 0.395). Significance The findings reveal clear age-related differences in responses to inactivity and recovery. Older adults experienced greater impairments and slower restoration of balance, indicating heightened vulnerability to functional decline during periods of immobilization. These findings underscore the age-dependent impact of bed rest and the importance of tailored rehabilitation strategies.
Ključne besede: aging, physical inactivity, mobile body imaging, functional decline
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.04.2026; Ogledov: 401; Prenosov: 345
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