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Povzetek: In September 2024, a specimen of Maxmuelleria gigas (M. Müller, 1852) was found during a monitoring campaign in the Bay of Koper. This record is the second one of this less known macrobenthic species in the Slovenian Sea and one among few up to date reported in the Adriatic Sea, as well. Sediment mounds observed with an underwater video sledge on muddy bottom in the southern part of the Gulf of Trieste have been related to this species. The species distribution and density (47 per 100 m2) were estimated based on the quantification of the observed sediment mounds. The potential underestimation of the density and distribution of this species in the Gulf of Trieste in the past studies is discussed in relation to sampling method.
Ključne besede: Echiura, sediment mounds, videotransects, Northern Adriatic, marine biology
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.07.2025; Ogledov: 115; Prenosov: 48
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Povzetek: Ammonia-oxidizing Archaea (AOA) are ubiquitous throughout the oceanic water column; however, our knowledge on their physiological and ecological diversity in different oceanic regions is rather limited. Here, we report the cultivation and characterization of two novel Nitrosopumilus strains, originating from coastal surface waters of the Northern Adriatic Sea. The combined physiological and genomic information revealed that each strain exhibits different metabolic and functional traits, potentially reflecting contrasting life modes. Strain NF5 contains many chemotaxis-related genes and is able to express archaella, suggesting that it can sense and actively seek favorable microenvironments such as nutrient-rich particles. In contrast, strain D3C is non-motile and shows higher versatility in substrate utilization, being able to use urea as an alternative substrate in addition to ammonia. Furthermore, it encodes a divergent, second copy of the AmoB subunit of the key enzyme ammonia monooxygenase, which might have an additional catalytic function and suggests further metabolic versatility. However, the role of this gene requires further investigation. Our results provide evidence for functional diversity and metabolic versatility among phylogenetically closely related thaumarchaeal strains, and point toward adaptations to free-living versus particle-associated life styles and possible niche differentiation among AOA in marine ecosystems.
Ključne besede: seawater, ammonia oxidation, bacteria, picoplankton, Northern Adriatic Sea, genomic information
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 256; Prenosov: 394
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Povzetek: A specially constructed enclosure in the lagoon environment (Lagoon of Strunjan, Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea) received sewage daily while another was kept clean and used as a reference. Nutrients and community production changes were monitored approximately bimonthly over a year. Nutrients introduced by the sewage discharges and diluted by tides were immobilized by enhanced community production, in particular benthic macroalgae. The dead organic matter afterwards settled and decomposed producing anoxic conditions and high levels of dissolved and suspended organic nutrients in the water and total nitrogen in the sediments. The daily mean gross community production showed no quantitative differences between the two enclosures during the study. Differences arose in the temporal succession of the studied events. An intensive nutrient recycling emerged from this study.
Ključne besede: carbon, lagoons, nutrients, northern Adriatic, oxygen, production (biology)
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 215; Prenosov: 233
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Povzetek: Cryptobenthic fish are small benthic fish species that normally live in various hiding places. Due to their large numbers, they are very important for energy transfer to higher trophic levels. However, due to their small size and hidden lifestyle, knowledge about them and their ecology, including their diet, is still limited. Using a non-destructive method based on faecal pellets, we investigated the diet of three clingfish species, Lepadogaster lepadogaster, L. candolii, and Apletodon incognitus, in the shallow northern Adriatic Sea. To better understand the results, we studied the fauna of potential prey in the habitats of the fish studied and also took fish specimens to observe their behaviour in the laboratory. The three species feed predominantly on crustaceans, particularly amphipods, copepods, and decapods. The proportion of the different taxa in the diet depends on the species of clingfish, the size of the specimens, and the size of the prey. In addition, the behaviour of the fish, the home range of the specimens, and the availability of food played an important role. The presence of certain crustacean groups in the environment also determines the occurrence of clingfish of different species and sizes.
Ključne besede: cryptobenthic fish, clingfish species, diet, diet habits, non-destructive method, faecal pellets, crustaceans, northern Adriatic Sea
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.10.2024; Ogledov: 577; Prenosov: 262
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Povzetek: The Canestrini’s goby is a small goby endemic to the Adriatic basin, inhabiting brackish and fresh waters. The species is threatened by habitat destruction and pollution. For this reason, the goby is protected in part of its range, while its conservation status in other areas is not yet established. The detailed biogeography of the species should be known so that appropriate conservation measures can be taken. Despite extensive sampling of fish fauna in coastal wetlands, this species has not yet been detected in Slovenia. In this study, the first record of Ninnigobius canestrinii (Ninni, 1883) in Slovenian waters is reported along with a comprehensive review of documented records of the species.
Ključne besede: Gobiidae, endemic goby, endangered species, habitat endangerment, habitat destruction, biogeography, northern Adriatic basin, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.08.2024; Ogledov: 650; Prenosov: 351
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