1. Postbiotics derived from recombinant lactic acid bacteria exhibit high IL6-binding capacity and suppress IL6-induced STAT3 signalingAbida Zahirović, Špela Zupančič, Andraž Verdir, Sebastjan Nemec, Slavko Kralj, Luka Snoj, Aleš Berlec, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Introduction: With growing evidence of clinical efficacy of probiotics in various diseases, safety concerns have arisen regarding the therapeutic use of live probiotic bacteria, especially in critically ill, immunocompromised, and pediatric populations. Serious probiotic-related adverse effects have been reported in these patients, including bloodstream infection and sepsis. This has led to an increased interest in developing postbiotics (non-viable bacterial products) that may exert beneficial effects on the host without the risks associated with administration of live microorganisms. The aim of this study was to explore postbiotic potential of recombinant Lactococcus lactis bacteria that have been engineered to display interleukin 6 (IL6)-targeting affibody (ZIL6) on their surface and are intended for treatment of inflammatory intestinal diseases. Methods: Five different killing treatments were applied to kill bacteria (heat, ethanol, sonication, UV, and gamma irradiation) and their effect on bacterial viability, morphology and functionality was examined in vitro using a combination of different techniques, including microscopy, flow cytometry, immunoassays and cell-based reporter assay. Results: The results showed that ZIL6 affibody displayed on L. lactis via non-covalent anchoring withstood the treatments applied to kill bacteria and remained functional after the loss of microbial viability. The degree of functionality was dependent on the type of treatment. Heat-killed cells retained 50% of the activity of live strain, while most of the activity was preserved after exposure of bacteria to ethanol, sonication, UV and gamma irradiation. The applied treatments varied in killing efficacy, whereby ethanol and heat rendered bacteria non-viable, UV and gamma irradiation yielded non-replicative cells, whereas sonication was ineffective in killing L. lactis. Among non-viable cells, ethanol-killed bacteria exhibited the greatest activity and showed high maximum binding capacity of 200 ng IL6 per mg dry cell weight, possessed strong nanomolar affinity for IL6, and inhibited up to 78% of IL6-induced STAT3 signaling. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that functional non-viable bacterial cells can be derived from the recombinant L. lactis with therapeutic proteins displayed on their surface and provides a good foundations for further studies of their postbiotic potential in adjunctive therapy of inflammatory intestinal diseases.
Ključne besede: affibody, probiotics, postbiotics, Lactococcus lactis
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.11.2025; Ogledov: 187; Prenosov: 97
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2. Advanced Monte Carlo analysis of ex-vessel neutron dosimetry for cycle 25 of Krško nuclear power plantTanja Goričanec, Benjamin Barbarič, Vladimir Radulović, Dušan Čalič, Luka Snoj, Marjan Kromar, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: This paper presents the results of Monte Carlo neutron transport calculations performed for the containment building of the Krško Nuclear Power Plant. The calculations were performed using the Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code (MCNP) in combination with the ADVANTG hybrid code to speed up the convergence of the results outside the reactor core. The paper focuses on the analysis of the Ex-Vessel Neutron Dosimetry (EVND) program conducted during the 25th fuel cycle at the Krško nuclear power plant with the irradiation of gradient chains and multiple foil sensor sets. The calculated reaction rates at the dosimeter locations are in good agreement with the measured values. However, deviations were observed in the thermal part of the neutron energy spectrum which cannot be neglected, and investigated were some possible reasons for the deviations: nuclear data, concrete material composition, concrete geometry, sensor position and impurities in sample.
Ključne besede: neutron transport, ex-vessel neutron dosimeters, neutron
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 20.10.2025; Ogledov: 148; Prenosov: 64
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3. A half-century of nuclear research, education and training : Story of the JSI TRIGA reactorLuka Snoj, Klemen Ambrožič, L. Barbot, Ljudmila Benedik, Arne Bratkič, Ivana Capan, C. Reynard-Carette, Vladimir Cindro, Dušan Čalič, Christophe Destouches, B. Geslot, Alireza Haghighat, Romain Henry, Milena Horvat, Elchin Huseynov, Gregoire De Izzara, Radojko Jaćimović, Anže Jazbec, Igor Jenčič, Robert Jeraj, Malcolm Joyce, Domen Kotnik, Gregor Kramberger, Igor Lengar, Jan Malec, Igor Mandić, Valerio Mascolino, Vid Merljak, Marko Mikuž, Gilles Noguere, Julijan Peric, Anže Pungerčič, Vladimir Radulović, Sebastjan Rupnik, Borut Smodiš, Zdenka Šlejkovec, Marko Štrok, Žiga Štancar, Ingrid Švajger, N. Thiollay, Iztok Tiselj, Andrej Trkov, Bojan Žefran, Gašper Žerovnik, Ylenia Žiber, Tanja Goričanec, 2025, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The TRIGA Mark II research reactor at the Jožef Stefan Institute is a key facility in the field of nuclear research, characterized by its versatility and applicability in a wide range of scientific disciplines. This document highlights its operational history, contributions to nuclear safety, education and various scientific applications, including advances in reactor and radiation physics, neutron activation analysis, environmental science and even contributions to the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights the reactor’s significant role in fostering international collaborations, improving computer modeling techniques for nuclear research, and providing invaluable educational experiences. The great versatility and applicability of the JSI TRIGA reactor is emphasized by its adaptability to various research needs and its ability to enable groundbreaking studies in both fundamental and applied sciences
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 11.04.2025; Ogledov: 708; Prenosov: 194
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4. Advancing nuclear research and education in Slovenia and EU : From operating the TRIGA reactor to building a new generation facilityJan Malec, Iztok Tiselj, Anže Pungerčič, Tanja Goričanec, Leon Cizelj, Luka Snoj, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The TRIGA Mark II research reactor at the Jožef Stefan Institute in Slovenia achieved first criticality in 1966. Since then, the reactor has been playing an important role in developing nuclear technology. The reactor has been mainly used for research, education of university students, training of operators of the Krško nuclear power plant (start of operation in 1983) and other nuclear specialists, isotope production and beam applications. The reactor is experiencing a high level of activity today, engaging in a diverse range of experiments and studies across reactor physics, environmental research, radiation hardness testing as well training and education. The future of nuclear technology in Slovenia is focused on new NPPs, while the research community is looking forward to a possible new nuclear reactor. The basic initiatives are at a very preliminary stage: the primary choice is dual-core pool-type reactor, with a zero-power core and a separate MW-size core, cooled and moderated with light water. Such a dual-core configuration is designed to meet the varied requirements of the European Union member states. Another option would be hosting one or more micro-reactors with electrical and/or heating power producing capability that could offer stronger support toward demonstration of prototype small modular reactors in prototype future electrical grids.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 10.04.2025; Ogledov: 696; Prenosov: 273
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7. A real-time architecture for the identification of faulty magnetic sensors in the JET TokamakA.C. Neto, D. Alves, B. B. Carvalho, G. De Tommasi, R. Felton, H. Fernandes, P.R. Lomas, F. Maviglia, F.G. Rimini, F. Sartori, Adam V. Stephen, D. F. Valcárcel, L. Zabeo, Luka Snoj, Igor Lengar, Andrej Trkov, 2014, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: In a tokamak, the accurate estimation of the plasma boundary is essential to maximise the fusion performance and is also the first line of defence for the physical integrity of the device. In particular, the first wall components might get severely damaged if over-exposed to a high plasma thermal load. The most common approach to calculate the plasma geometry and related parameters is based in a large set of different types of magnetic sensors. Using this information, real-time plasma equilibrium codes infer a flux map and calculate the shape and geometry of the plasma boundary and its distance to a known reference (e.g. first wall). These are inputs to one or more controllers capable of acting on the shape and trajectory based in pre-defined requests. Depending on the device, the error of the estimated boundary distance must usually be less than 1 centimetre, which translates into very small errors on the magnetic measurement itself. Moreover, asymmetries in the plasma generated and surrounding magnetic fields can produce local shape deformations potentially leading to an unstable control of the plasma geometry. The JET tokamak was recently upgraded to a new and less thermally robust all-metal wall, also known as the ITER-like wall. Currently the shape controller system uses the output of a single reconstruction algorithm to drive the plasma geometry and the protection systems have no input from the plasma boundary reconstruction. These choices are historical and were due to architectural, hardware and processing power limitations. Taking advantage of new multi-core systems and of the already proved robustness of the JET real-time network, this paper proposes a distributed architecture for the real-time identification of faults in the magnetic measurements of the JET tokamak. Besides detecting simple faults, such as short-circuits and open-loops, the system compares the expected measurement at the coil location and the real measurement, producing a confidence valu- . Several magnetic reconstructions, using sensors from multiple toroidally distributed locations, can run in parallel, allowing for a voting or averaging scheme selection. Finally, any fault warnings can be directly fed to the real-time protection sequencer system, whose main function is to coordinate the protection of the JET's first wall.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.11.2014; Ogledov: 4502; Prenosov: 0 |
