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Abstract: Background. In patients with non-metastatic gastric cancer surgery still remains the treatment of choice. Postoperative radiochemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin significantly improves the treatment outcome. The oral fluoropyrimidines, such as capecitabine, mimic continuous 5-fluorouracil infusion, are at least as effective as 5-fluorouracil, and such treatment is more comfortable for the patients. Patients and methods. In the period from October 2006 to December 2009, 101 patients with gastric cancer in stages Ib-IIIc were treated with postoperative chemoradiation with capecitabine. Distal subtotal resection of the stomach was performed in 46.3%, total resection in 50.5% and multivisceral resection in 3.2% of patients. The main endpoints of this study were loco-regional control (LRC), disease-free survival (DFS), disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS). The rates of acute side-effects were also estimated. Results. Seventy-seven percent of patients completed the treatment according to the protocol. The median followup time of all patients was 3.9 years (range: 0.4-6.3 years) and in survivors it was 4.7 years (range: 3.2-6.3 years). No death occurred due to the therapy. Acute toxicity, such as nausea and vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhoea, hand-foot syndrome and infections of grade 3 or 4, occurred in 5%, 1%, 2%, 8.9% and 18.8% of patients, respectively. On the close-out date 63.4% patients were still alive and with no signs of the disease. The 4-years follow-up survey showed that LRC, DFS, DSS and OS were 95.5%, 69.2%, 70.7%, and 66.2%, respectively. Higher pN-stage and splenectomy were found to be independent prognostic factors for all four types of survival and perineural invasion and lower treatment intensity for DFS, DSS and OS.
Keywords: gastric cancer, adjuvant therapy, radiochemotherapy
Published in DiRROS: 11.04.2024; Views: 60; Downloads: 8
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Abstract: Hyper Arc je inovativna programska in strojna oprema za izvedbo stereotaktične radiokirurgije, ki je od junija 2020 dostopna na Onkološkem inštitutu Ljubljana. Omogoča visoko natančno, monoizocentrično obsevanje v teoriji neomejenega števila možganskih tarč. Najbolj uporabna je v lokalnem zdravljenju možganskih metastaz, ki so vedno pogostejši vzrok obolevnosti in umrljivosti bolnikov z malignimi boleznimi.Glede na najnovejše raziskave in smernice se stereotaktična radiokirurgija obravnava kot primarna izbira za izboljšanje preživetja in je lahko najboljša izbira zdravljenja več metastaz v možganih. Lokalna kontrola vsake obsevane lezije in morebitna pozna toksičnost sta vedno pomembnejšega kliničnega pomena, ki lahko vplivata ne le na preživetje, temveč tudi na nevrokognitivno funkcijo in kakovost življenja.
Keywords: Hyper Arc, stereotaktična radiokirurgija, možganske metastaze
Published in DiRROS: 27.07.2023; Views: 323; Downloads: 76
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Abstract: Stereotaktična radiokirurgija (SRS) je danes priporočena metoda zdravljenja malignih in benignih možganskih tumorjev kot tudi nevroloških funkcionalnih in vaskularnih motenj. Definirana je kot teleradioterapijska metoda pri kateri je natančno določen tarčni volumen, ki se obseva z biološko visoko tumorsko dozo,v eni ali največ v 5 frakcijah, s strmim padcem doze na robu tarčnega volumna in z lokalno kurativnim namenom. Hyper Arc je dokaj nova in napredna tehnika monoizocentričnega SRS obsevanja multiplih tarč v kratkem času.
Keywords: možganski tumorji, centralno živčevje, radioterapija
Published in DiRROS: 16.12.2022; Views: 464; Downloads: 110
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Abstract: Glioblastom je najpogostejši možganski tumor pri odraslih z zelo slabo prognozo preživetja bolnikov. Ta je posledica odpornosti glioblastoma na standardno zdravljenje, ki vključuje radioterapijo in kemoterapijo. Z namenom načrtovanja učinkovitejših pristopov zdravljenja preučujemo biološke mehanizme odpornosti glioblastoma na radioterapijo s poudarkom na mikrookolju tumorja in rakavih matičnih celicah. V predkliničnih raziskavah uporabljamo napredne in personalizirane celične modele, ki posnemajo mikrookolje tumorja v bolnikih in z večjo natančnostjo napovedo odziv bolnika na zdravljenje. Hkrati so takšni modeli pomembni za testiranje novih pristopov za zdravljenje kot je imunoterapija.
Keywords: glioblastom, mikrookolje, organoidi, možganski rak, možganski tumor, onkologija
Published in DiRROS: 16.06.2022; Views: 575; Downloads: 190
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Keywords: tekočinska biopsija, onkološko zdravljenje, možganski tumorji
Published in DiRROS: 04.04.2022; Views: 577; Downloads: 224
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