Iskanje po repozitoriju

A+ | A- | | SLO | ENG

Povzetek: Contemporary environmental concerns highlight the vulnerability of karst environments to changing hydrometeorological patterns and vegetation disturbance, necessitating a unified, interdisciplinary strategy for comprehensive understanding. This paper critically examines the current state of research. To overcome the identified gaps, it presents an integrated multi-scale ecohydrogeological monitoring approach tailored to karst critical zones (KCZ) and its spatio-temporal variability. Forested karst aquifer in Slovenia is used as a case study to demonstrate and assess the strengths and limitations of the proposed monitoring framework. To decipher flow dynamics and propose customized data collection strategies the approach combines surface and underground sites and employs advanced methods adapted to the challenges of karst environments. The results highlight the benefits and advancements of monitoring and sampling approaches to ensure representativeness in heterogeneous environments. The focus is on the use of enhanced precipitation monitoring systems to expand sampling areas nearly fivefold and improve precipitation and throughfall measurements. Additionally, customized lysimeter techniques for karst soils and microscale adaptations for cave exploration have been developed, addressing the challenges of instrument placement in environments with significant variability. Further opportunities lie in improving instrument protection, integrating sensor networks, combining remote sensing and scaling from plot to aquifer level. However, challenges remain in achieving spatio-temporal representativeness and ensuring the operational reliability of snow monitoring, soil solution sampling and drip flow measurements. Threats include environmental pressures and hydrometeorological conditions, equipment tampering and funding stability. Nevertheless, this comprehensive approach improves monitoring of ecohydrogeological processes in the KCZ, promotes interdisciplinary collaboration and environmental resource management.
Ključne besede: Karst, integrated monitoring, interdisciplinary strategy, hydrological processes, environmental management, ecohydrology
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.03.2026; Ogledov: 494; Prenosov: 500
Celotno besedilo (9,07 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več...

Povzetek: Large-scale forest disturbances (LSFD) are an essential component of forest ecosystem dynamics. The effects of rapid loss of forest cover and other changes in forest ecosystems are inextricably linked to hydrologic processes such as evapotranspiration, soil and recharge processes. Among all hydrogeological systems, karst aquifers are important because of their exceptionally rich and unique biodiversity, biomass, and groundwater resources. At the same time, they are characterized by specific hydrological processes that make them highly vulnerable to environmental changes. Therefore, this study paid special attention to the effects of LSFD on karst hydrology. Using the PRISMA checklist, a thorough literature review of studies published between 2001 and 2020 was compiled into a comprehensive matrix dataset. In addition, an initial assessment of the global and regional distribution of forests on carbonate rocks was made based on publicly available geodatabases of forests and karst aquifers. The compiled information provides the first global overview of hydrological processes affected by LSFD, and identifies important knowledge gaps and future research challenges. The matrix dataset contained 117 full-text articles with a total of 160 case studies. Most publications were from 2011 to 2017, with more than half of the studies at the plot level and more than one-third at the catchment level. Studies on the effects of fires and pest and diseases infestations predominated. However, no articles were found on the effects of ice storms on hydrology in general or on the effects of pest and disease infestations on hydrology in karst areas. Of the 45.6 M km2 of forested land worldwide, 6.3 M km2 or 13.9% of all forests are underlain by carbonate rocks. Carbonate rocks cover about 15% of the land surface, which means that 31.3% of the world's karst aquifers are covered by forest. 29% of all case studies were conducted in karst areas, which is a high proportion compared to the proportion of forests in karst areas. However, these studies are unevenly distributed geographically. Most studies were conducted at the plot level, and only 21% of studies focused on natural LSFD, so forest management and land use change studies predominated. Although studies on the effects of LSFD on evapotranspiration processes between vegetation, air and soil are fairly well represented, infiltration and recharge processes in karst areas remain poorly understood and knowledge is lacking, particularly on groundwater flow and related hydrological processes. Regional studies and impacts on groundwater resources are also insufficient. The results indicate an urgent need for an integrated holistic interdisciplinary approach and a comprehensive understanding of the individual influencing factors, which would allow more accurate modelling of hydrological processes in forested karst aquifers.
Ključne besede: natural disasters, climatic changes, evapotranspiration, hydrology, karst aquifers
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.05.2023; Ogledov: 2694; Prenosov: 1344
Celotno besedilo (16,50 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več...