1. Korozijski atlas : korozijske in mehanske poškodbe kovinskih materialov v vsakdanjem življenjuTanja Antić, Mirjam Bajt Leban, Tadeja Kosec, 2025, professional monograph Keywords: korozija, mikrostruktura, mehanska poškodba, preiskava prelomov, jeklo, nerjavno jeklo, aluminij, medenina, baker
Published in DiRROS: 16.01.2026; Views: 127; Downloads: 102
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2. Evolution of macrocell and microcell corrosion in concrete subjected to simulated tidingMiha Hren, Tadeja Kosec, Andraž Legat, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between macrocell and microcell corrosion processes in a concrete column exposed to tidal conditions simulated by sinusoidal water-level changes. Macrocell corrosion currents were continuously measured for 19 weeks along the column height using coupled multi-electrodes (CMEs). Cumulative corrosion damage and the morphology of corrosion products were analysed using X-ray microCT, SEM, and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed complex patterns of anodic and cathodic activity, including sinusoidal and switch-like current behaviour, which depended on the water level position and exposure time. Corrosion typically initiated in the upper tidal zone, but the most corroded individual electrode was located near mid-tide. Damage distribution was influenced by both microcell and macrocell corrosion, where microcell corrosion was most prevalent in the high-tide area, whereas macrocell activity contributed to corrosion damage in several exposure zones. SEM and Raman analyses confirmed a correlation between corrosion type and corrosion product morphology. An attempt was made to explain the recognised corrosion patterns along the vertical position and the ratios between microcell and macrocell corrosion on individual electrodes were esti- mated. Additionally, new questions were raised that highlight the complexity of corrosion processes under tidal cycling and emphasise the need for further research into these phenomena.
Keywords: corrosion, coupled multi-electrode array, simulated tiding, reinforced concrete, macrocell corrosion
Published in DiRROS: 12.01.2026; Views: 159; Downloads: 99
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3. Electrochemical assessment of crosslinked self-assembled monolayers of behenic acid for enhanced corrosion protection of bronze and patinated surfacesHelena Biljanić, Barbara Markulić, Tadeja Kosec, Marija Mirosavljević, Vladan Desnica, Domagoj Šatović, Damir Kralj, Katarina Marušić, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: Bronze sculptures and historical artifacts typically develop natural or artificially induced patinas that enhance aesthetic value and confer some degree of corrosion protection. However, patinated surfaces are vulnerable to environmental degradation, especially due to acid rain, resulting in material loss and impaired visual integrity. Current protective coatings are limited by either environmental or performance constraints. While self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on fatty acids such as behenic acid offer potential corrosion protection by forming ultrathin layers on metal surfaces, their long-term effectiveness is compromised by limited chemical stability. This study addresses this critical gap by evaluating the protective effectiveness and durability of SAMs and polymer nanocoatings (PNCs) derived by crosslinking SAMs from behenic acid using gamma irradiation on bare bronze (BB), black sulfide-patinated bronze (BP), and green chloride-patinated bronze (GP) surfaces. The assessment focused primarily on electrochemical performance, using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (Tafel) measurements to evaluate coating stability and corrosion resistance before and after artificial aging. Initial surface characterization employed spectroscopic (FTIR-ATR, Raman spectroscopy), microscopic (SEMEDS, metallography), elemental (X-ray fluorescence), wettability (contact angle goniometry), and visual analyses (colorimetry) to characterize the composition and morphology of the substrates. Distinct structural and chemical differences were identified, with BP characterized primarily by anilite (Cu₇S₄) and GP consisting predominantly of basic copper chlorides (Cu₂(OH)₃Cl), such as atacamite and its isomorphs. Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that while SAM coatings initially reduced corrosion current densities significantly, their protective capability diminished over time due to progressive removal of loosely bound molecules. Conversely, radiation-crosslinked PNC coatings maintained stable corrosion protection over UV-WetDry artificial aging. Minor capacitance increases indicated slight enhancement in surface activity, yet no significant degradation of the crosslinked polymer coating was observed.
Keywords: bronze, crosslinked protection, electrochemistry
Published in DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Views: 212; Downloads: 119
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4. Tribo-corrosion properties of a NiTi dental wirePetra Močnik, Tadeja Kosec, 2014, original scientific article Abstract: NiTi-alloy arch wires are used in dental medicine for tooth positioning. Failures are reported during the mounting and operation. It is supposed that these difficulties are results of a simultaneous presence of corrosion and mechanical wear. First, a corrosive medium was examined in order to simulate the conditions in the mouth. Different simulated body fluids were compared with natural saliva using electrochemical methods. The corrosion properties of the NiTi dental wire in the as-received state and without the surface oxide film were studied with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Tribo-corrosion tests of NiTi in artificial saliva were performed and a relation between the chemical and mechanical wear was studied. After the experiment, the surface was spectroscopically examined. The relation between the chemical and mechanical wear was determined.
Keywords: nickel alloys, titan alloys, simulated saliva, passive film, tribo-corrosion, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Published in DiRROS: 26.09.2025; Views: 422; Downloads: 198
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5. Corrosion properties of different forms of carbon steel in simulated concrete pore waterAleš Česen, Tadeja Kosec, Andraž Legat, Violeta Bokan-Bosiljkov, 2014, original scientific article Abstract: Carbon steel, such as concrete-reinforcing steel, tends to undergo corrosion processes when exposed to certain environmental actions. These are the carbonation of concrete and the ingress of chlorides into the concrete from the environment. Many times, the carbonation and chloride contamination are simultaneous processes leading to a harsh corrosion environment and subsequent corrosion problems. Monitoring the state of corrosion is thereby a very useful and powerful tool for following and evaluating the lifetime of reinforced concrete structures. Electrochemical measurements were performed to investigate different forms of carbon steel in simulated concrete pore water at different pH values with and without the presence of chlorides. Morphological characteristics of three different types of carbon steel were studied and SEM/EDX and Raman analyses of the corrosion products were performed. It was found that steel in the form of a sheet has a higher corrosion resistivity than a steel wire and a steel rod, and that the steel rod has a higher corrosion resistivity than the steel wire. The corrosion layer on carbon steel is very diverse; several morphologies were found and analyzed.
Keywords: carbon steel, metallography, corrosion, concrete, water
Published in DiRROS: 26.09.2025; Views: 299; Downloads: 163
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7. Effect of sulfide in a 0.2 M NaCl solution on copper and pre-oxidized copper in oxic conditionsKlara Prijatelj, Tadeja Kosec, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: This study investigated copper and pre-oxidized copper immersed in 0.2 M NaCl solutions containing different concentrations of sulfide ions. In order to investigate the corrosion processes, the corrosion potential and electrochemical impedance at room temperature and at an elevated temperature were measured for 24 h during and after exposure to the chloride solution with different sulfide concentrations in aerated conditions. The surfaces of the pre-oxidized copper were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), a focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. It was shown that the concentration of sulfide ions in the chloride environments, in addition to the temperature itself, greatly affect the film formation in oxic conditions. The thickness of the films observed corresponds well to those calculated using cathodic stripping voltammetry. The mechanism of corroding copper in chloride/sulfide system was proposed.
Keywords: copper, pre-oxidized copper, chloride and sulfide environment, electrochemical properties, surface characterization, Raman, cyclic voltammetry
Published in DiRROS: 29.08.2025; Views: 506; Downloads: 336
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8. Characterization of steel corrosion in alkali-activated mortars using advanced techniquesNina Gartner, Miha Hren, Tadeja Kosec, Andraž Legat, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Alkali-activated materials have emerged as a promising substitute for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in various applications. This study explores the use of different monitoring techniques for assessing the long-term corrosion behavior of steel in alkali-activated mortars, which remains relatively understudied. Three types of alkali-activated mortars (AAMs) were prepared, based on fly ash, slag, or metakaolin as the precursor material. The corrosion of embedded steel was investigated under wetting and drying cycles with chloride-containing solution for up to one year. Two unconventional techniques were used to monitor corrosion: coupled multi-electrode array sensors (CMEA) to measure partial currents, and electrical resistance (ER) sensors to track thickness reduction. The ER sensors enabled evaluation of general corrosion rates over time, while CMEA provided insight into corrosion initiation and its spatiotemporal distribution. In addition, the corrosion damage on the embedded steel and sensors was evaluated using X-ray computed microtomography (microCT). Distinct corrosion patterns were observed depending on the precursor material: severe corrosion in metakaolin-based AAMs, localized pitting in slag-based AAMs, and moderate damage in fly ash-based AAMs. The study demonstrates the complementary value of CMEA and ER sensors and highlights the challenges of characterizing the long-term corrosion processes in these alternative binder systems.
Keywords: corrosion, alkali‐activated materials, coupled multi-electrode array (CMEA), electrical resistance (ER) sensor, X-ray computed microtomography (microCT), visual analysis
Published in DiRROS: 27.08.2025; Views: 523; Downloads: 377
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9. Dataset for the article Effect of sulfide in a 0.2 M NaCl solution on copper and pre-oxidized copper in oxic conditionsKlara Prijatelj, Tadeja Kosec, 2025, complete scientific database of research data Abstract: This dataset supports the tables and figures in the article Effect of sulfide in a 0.2 M NaCl solution on copper and pre-oxidized copper in oxic conditions Effect of sulfide in a 0.2 M NaCl solution on copper and pre-oxidized copper in oxic conditions (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2025.107387). The data set contains experimental data for copper and pre-oxidized copper samples exposed to chloride solution (0.2 M Cl–) with different sulfide concentrations (5·10–6 M SH– and 1·10–4 M SH–) at room temperature (22 ± 2 °C) and elevated temperature (60 °C). Corrosion potential was monitored over a period of 24 hours. After 24 h immersion, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was performed to observe the properties of the surface film formed on the copper and the pre-oxidized copper. The dataset also includes images of pre-oxidized samples after 24 hours immersion in different solutions, original Raman spectra and Raman images, XPS data and images data from the scanning electron microscope and images of cross-section of samples. The dataset was also used for the model of corroding system (Figure 13)
Keywords: copper, pre-oxidized copper, chloride and sulfide environment, electrochemical properties, surface characterization, Raman, cyclic voltammetry
Published in DiRROS: 11.08.2025; Views: 619; Downloads: 384
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10. Comparative study of microstructural influence on corrosion resistance in conventional and Al-Mn quasicrystalline cast aluminum alloysMirjam Bajt Leban, Tim Drevenšek, Tadeja Kosec, Blaž Leskovar, Boštjan Markoli, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: The investigation focused on the quasicrystalline aluminum alloy Al-Mn-Cu-Mg-Si-Ti. The influence of microstructure of aluminum alloy strengthened with quasicrystals on its corrosion resistance was studied. The properties of newly designed quasicrystalline aluminum alloy (QC) were compared to the properties of standard AlSi9Cu3 alloy (DIN 226). Both aluminum alloys (QC and AlSi9Cu3) were cast in a steel die with a controlled cooling rate. After the preparation of the samples, the microstructural characterization was carried out. In the quasicrystalline alloy, the microstructure was dominated by a primary phase with fivefold symmetry, representing the quasicrystalline phase. To investigate corrosion properties, open-circuit potential, linear polarization and potentiodynamic polarization measurements were performed. The influence of corrosion on mechanical properties was studied by conducting tensile tests on environmentally exposed alloys. It was concluded that the quasicrystalline alloy has comparable corrosion properties to the commercially widely used AlSi9Cu3 alloy. In the latter alloy, corrosion was observed to initiate in the vicinity of the Al2Cu intermetallic compound particles. In the case of the QC alloy, corrosion attacked mainly the αAl phase (matrix).
Keywords: quasicrystals, corrosion, aluminum alloys, microstructure, electrochemical measurements
Published in DiRROS: 14.07.2025; Views: 581; Downloads: 475
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