1. How beech provenance affects the structure of secondary xylem, leaf traits, and the ectomycorrhizal community under optimal growth conditionsTanja Mrak, Jožica Gričar, Tina Unuk Nahberger, Gregor Božič, Luka Krajnc, Peter Prislan, Domen Arnič, Tom Levanič, Hojka Kraigher, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Beyond growth parameters and drought tolerance, comparatively little is known about the functioning of different beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances. We investigated properties of leaves, stem secondary xylem, and ectomycorrhiza (ECM), and explored their interdependencies to identify the best performing beech provenance in optimal growth conditions. The study was conducted on 23-year-old trees in a provenance trial. The investigated provenances originated from Atlantic (Belgium—BE), Alpine (Italy—IT, Slovenia—SI), and continental climates (the Czech Republic—CZ). A significant effect of provenance was observed for stem vessel diameters and conductive area, as well as for foliar %C, δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O. δ13C as a proxy of intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) showed that the highest iWUE was achieved in BE provenance. Individuals with a better iWUE had wider growth rings regardless of provenance. Better iWUE was associated with lower specific leaf area (SLA). ECM community composition and diversity indices did not differ significantly among the provenances. Specific ECM taxa were associated with individuals with high SLA, δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O. In optimal growth conditions with no stress events, BE is a promising provenance due to an efficient water conducting system with high vessel diameters and conductive area, and high iWUE, while Alpine provenances showed an adaptation of their water conducting system to freezing conditions at their original locations. Integrating findings from different compartments improves our understanding of functioning of different beech provenances.
Keywords: Fagus sylvatica, provenance trial, stable isotopes, specific leaf area, xylem vessels, ectomycorrhizal fungi
Published in DiRROS: 19.04.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 1
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2. Možnosti rabe lesa listavcev v slovenskem biogospodarstvu : vsebinsko poročiloPeter Prislan, Špela Ščap, Matevž Triplat, Nike Krajnc, Luka Krajnc, Domen Arnič, Aleš Straže, Dominika Gornik Bučar, Jože Kropivšek, Luka Juvančič, 2023, final research report Keywords: potenciali gozdov, raba lesa listavcev, lesno-predelovalna industrija, gozdno lesne verige vrednosti, tehnologije predelave lesa, biogospodarstvo, makroekonomska analiza
Published in DiRROS: 11.01.2024; Views: 188; Downloads: 44
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4. Makroekonomski učinki proizvodnje in predelave lesa listavcevDomen Arnič, Peter Prislan, Luka Juvančič, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: As far as the utilization of the value-added potential of hardwood assortments is concerned, we have considerable reserves in Slovenia. These could be exploited mainly by increasing the economic use of roundwood in Slovenia and by developing more technologically advanced processing methods for roundwood. The aim of this paper is to assess the untapped potential of the forest-wood chain in Slovenia using input-output models, focusing on the use of hardwood. For the whole forest-wood chain, we assessed the existing situation and tested five scenarios for the improvement of the forest-wood chain in Slovenia. We developed a national input-output model to evaluate possible scenarios for the future development of the wood-based bioeconomy. The results of scenario analysis of the input-output model show that the Slovenian wood-based bioeconomy can achieve up to 20% higher production value, a 24% increase in employment and 19% increase in household income in the future through restructuring of economic activities. In the paper, we discuss how upgrading the forestry and wood-processing industry (according to the defined scenarios) could be achieved by increasing the processing capacity of hardwoods and provide recommendations for decision makers.
Keywords: forest- and wood-based bioeconomy, hardwoods utilization, input-output models, wood processing industry, scenario analysis, mobilization of hardwoods
Published in DiRROS: 03.08.2023; Views: 317; Downloads: 165
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5. Analiza kakovostne strukture okroglega lesa listavcevLuka Krajnc, Domen Arnič, Peter Prislan, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: The research presented in this study addressed the distribution of volume across different log grades in three hardwood species: European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) and English oak (Quercus robur L.). Standing trees were selected, marked, and measured. Afterwards the trees were felled and bucked into assortments according to national legislation regarding assortment grades and requirements for each assortment grade. Each individual assortment was measured and classified into one of the national log quality grades. Proportions of log volume with different grades within individual tree volumes were calculated and presented in this study. Differences were found in log grade volume distribution between different species and diameter classes. By following the national grading system for assortments, between 40% and 50% of total volume will be usable assortments in hardwoods
Keywords: logs, hardwoods, volume, quality, log grading
Published in DiRROS: 03.08.2023; Views: 301; Downloads: 156
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6. JuWaPf : švicarska aplikacija za oceno porabe časa in stroškov gozdnogojitvenih in varstvenih delDomen Arnič, Jurij Diaci, 2021, professional article Keywords: gojenje gozdov, nega gozda, sadnja, situacijsko redčenje, poraba časa, poraba stroškov, aplikacije
Published in DiRROS: 12.11.2022; Views: 421; Downloads: 137
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7. Gostota lesa : metode določanja in pomen pri razvoju gozdno lesnega biogospodarstvaDomen Arnič, Miha Humar, Davor Kržišnik, Peter Prislan, Luka Krajnc, 2021, professional article Keywords: Slovenija, gostota lesa, določanje gostote, biogospodarstvo
Published in DiRROS: 12.11.2022; Views: 451; Downloads: 122
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8. Les v celulozni in papirni industriji, kot kazalnik stanja biogospodarstva v SlovenijiDomen Arnič, Špela Ščap, 2022, professional article Keywords: industrija celuloze in papirja, mehanska celuloza, kemična celuloza, papir, lesna celuloza, uvoz, proizvodnja
Published in DiRROS: 15.09.2022; Views: 546; Downloads: 202
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9. Different wood anatomical and growth responses in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) at three forest sites in SloveniaDomen Arnič, Jožica Gričar, Jernej Jevšenak, Gregor Božič, Georg von Arx, Peter Prislan, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) adapts to local growing conditions to enhance its performance. In response to variations in climatic conditions, beech trees adjust leaf phenology, cambial phenology, and wood formation patterns, which result in different treering widths (TRWs) and wood anatomy. Chronologies of tree ring width and vessel features [i.e., mean vessel area (MVA), vessel density (VD), and relative conductive area (RCTA)] were produced for the 1960%2016 period for three sites that differ in climatic regimes and spring leaf phenology (two early- and one late-flushing populations). These data were used to investigate long-term relationships between climatic conditions and anatomical features of four quarters of tree-rings at annual and intra-annual scales. In addition, we investigated how TRW and vessel features adjust in response to extreme weather events (i.e., summer drought). We found significant differences in TRW, VD, and RCTA among the selected sites. Precipitation and maximum temperature before and during the growing season were the most important climatic factors affecting TRW and vessel characteristics. We confirmed differences in climate-growth relationships between the selected sites, late flushing beech population at Idrija showing the least pronounced response to climate. MVA was the only vessel trait that showed no relationship with TRW or other vessel features. The relationship between MVA and climatic factors evaluated at intra-annual scale indicated that vessel area in the first quarter of tree-ring were mainly influenced by climatic conditions in the previous growing season, while vessel area in the second to fourth quarters of tree ring width was mainly influenced by maximum temperature and precipitation in the current growing season. When comparing wet and dry years, beech from all sites showed a similar response, with reduced TRW and changes in intra-annual variation in vessel area. Our findings suggest that changes in temperature and precipitation regimes as predicted by most climate change scenarios will affect tree-ring increments and wood structure in beech, yet the response between sites or populations may differ.
Keywords: Fagus sylvatica, wood anatomy, tracheograms, dendrochronology, intra specific plasticity
Published in DiRROS: 22.07.2022; Views: 506; Downloads: 360
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10. A comparison of radial increment and wood density from beech provenance trials in Slovenia and HungaryLuka Krajnc, Peter Prislan, Gregor Božič, Marjana Westergren, Domen Arnič, Csaba Mátyás, Jožica Gričar, Hojka Kraigher, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Provenance trials are a valuable source of information, especially in species such as European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), which will likely increase its distribution due to global warming. The current study compares radial increment and wood density of beech provenances in the juvenile development stage from contrasting environments in Europe (Belgium, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Italy) planted at a mesic to wet site in Slovenia and a xeric site in Hungary. Existing data (past measurements of diameters and height) were combined with new measurements of tree height, diameter, dendrochronological and resistance drilling density measurements to assess differences in provenance radial growth. The wood density data were evaluated using a Bayesian general linear model. In order to study the differences in radial increment in more detail, two weather-wise contrasting years (2014 and 2017) were selected from the last decade, based on calculations of the 12-month Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index. The differences in average tree-ring width among provenances at each sampled site appeared to be relatively small when averaged over a whole decade of data. However, according to year-to-year data, some provenances grew faster than others, especially in favorable weather conditions. In unfavorable conditions, the differences in tree-ring widths among provenances were smaller. For most provenances, variation in tree-ring widths within the same provenance increased in unfavorable conditions. The difference between the provenances with the highest and lowest wood densities at both locations did not exceed 5%. The model results indicate that the Idrija (Slovenia) provenance probably has a higher median wood density than other studied provenances at both sites. Although the current study confirmed some differences in wood density between provenances and trial locations, the differences are negligible in practice due to their low magnitude and the fact that the analyzed trees were still juvenile. As beech has a diffuse-porous wood, negligible differences in wood density would also be expected in adult trees. Beech provenances for planting in relation to changing weather should probably be chosen for their ability to survive more extreme weather events rather than to improve radial increment or wood density, especially as the differences in wood density of juvenile trees are relatively small.
Keywords: Fagus sylvatica, tree-ring width, common garden, resistance drilling
Published in DiRROS: 15.04.2022; Views: 631; Downloads: 472
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