31. KEYLINK : towards a more integrative soil representation for inclusion in ecosystem scale models : I. : review and model conceptGabrielle I. Deckmyn, Omar Flores, Mathias Mayer, Xavier Domene, Andrea Schnepf, Katrin Kuka, Kris van Looy, Daniel P. Rasse, Maria J.I. Briones, Sébastien Barot, Matty Berg, E. I. Vanguelova, Ivika Ostonen, Harry Vereecken, Laura Martinez Suz, Beat Frey, Aline Frossard, Alexei Tiunov, Jan Frouz, Tine Grebenc, Maarja Öpik, Mathieu Javaux, Alexei Uvarov, Olga Vindušková, Paul Henning Krogh, Oskar Franklin, Juan Jiménez, Jorge Curiel Yuste, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: The relatively poor simulation of the below-ground processes is a severe drawback for many ecosystem models, especially when predicting responses to climate change and management. For a meaningful estimation of ecosystem production and the cycling of water, energy, nutrients and carbon, the integration of soil processes and the exchanges at the surface is crucial. It is increasingly recognized that soil biota play an important role in soil organic carbon and nutrient cycling, shaping soil structure and hydrological properties through their activity, and in water and nutrient uptake by plants through mycorrhizal processes. In this article, we review the main soil biological actors (microbiota, fauna and roots) and their effects on soil functioning. We review to what extent they have been included in soil models and propose which of them could be included in ecosystem models. We show that the model representation of the soil food web, the impact of soil ecosystem engineers on soil structure and the related effects on hydrology and soil organic matter (SOM) stabilization are key issues in improving ecosystem-scale soil representation in models. Finally, we describe a new core model concept (KEYLINK) that integrates insights from SOM models, structural models and food web models to simulate the living soil at an ecosystem scale.
Keywords: soil fauna, model, Soil Organic Matter, SOM, hydrology, pore size distribution, PSD, soil biota, ecosystem
Published in DiRROS: 23.09.2020; Views: 1445; Downloads: 1210
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32. Poročilo o spremljanju stanja gozdov za leto 2019Mitja Ferlan, Andrej Grah, Janez Kermavnar, Lado Kutnar, Nikica Ogris, Anže Martin Pintar, Špela Planinšek, Matej Rupel, Primož Simončič, Mitja Skudnik, Daniel Žlindra, 2020, final research report Keywords: varstvo gozdov, monitoring, stanje gozdov, zdravstveno stanje krošenj, popis povzročiteljev poškodb, meteorološke meritve, osutost dreves, poročila, Slovenija
Published in DiRROS: 04.08.2020; Views: 2841; Downloads: 1001
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33. Poročilo o spremljanju stanja gozdov za leto 2018 : vsebinsko poročilo o spremljanju stanja gozdov v l. 2018 v skladu s Pravilnikom o varstvu gozdov (2009)Mitja Ferlan, Andrej Grah, Tom Levanič, Nikica Ogris, Špela Planinšek, Matej Rupel, Primož Simončič, Iztok Sinjur, Mitja Skudnik, Daniel Žlindra, 2019, final research report Keywords: varstvo gozdov, monitoring, stanje gozdov, zdravstveno stanje krošenj, popis povzročiteljev poškodb, meteorološke meritve, osutost dreves, poročila, Slovenija
Published in DiRROS: 04.08.2020; Views: 2237; Downloads: 880
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34. Assessing the protective role of alpine forests against rockfall at regional scaleChristian Scheidl, Micha Heiser, Sonja Vospernik, Elisabeth Lauss, Frank Perzl, Andreas Kofler, Karl Kleemayr, Francesco Bettella, Emanuele Lingua, Matteo Garbarino, Mitja Skudnik, Daniel Trappmann, Frédéric Berger, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Worldwide, mountain forests represent a significant factor in reducing rockfall risk over long periods of time on large potential disposition areas. While the economic value of technical protection measures against rockfall can be clearly determined and their benefits indicated, there is no general consensus on the quantification of the protective effect of forests. Experience shows that wherever there is forest, the implementation of technical measures to reduce risk of rockfall might often be dispensable or cheaper, and large deforestations (e.g. after windthrows, forest fires, clear-cuts) often show an increased incidence of rockfall events. This study focussed on how the protective effect of a forest against rockfall can be quantified on an alpine transregional scale. We therefore estimated the runout length, in terms of the angle of reach, of 700 individual rockfall trajectories from 39 release areas from Austria, Germany, Italy and Slovenia. All recorded rockfall events passed through forests which were classified either as coppice forests or, according to the CORINE classification of land cover, as mixed, coniferous or broadleaved dominated high forest stands. For each individual rockfall trajectory, we measured the forest structural parameters stem number, basal area, top height, ratio of shrub to high forest and share of coniferous trees. To quantify the protective effect of forests on rockfall, a hazard reduction factor is introduced, defined as the ratio between an expected angle of reach without forest and the back-calculated forest-influenced angles of reach. The results show that forests significantly reduce the runout length of rockfall. The highest reduction was observed for mixed high forest stands, while the lowest hazard reduction was observed for high forest stands dominated either by coniferous or broadleaved tree species. This implies that as soon as one tree species dominates, the risk reduction factor becomes lower. Coppice forests showed the lowest variability in hazard reduction. Hazard reduction due to forests increases, on average, by 7% for an increase in the stem number by 100 stems per hectare. The proposed concept allows a global view of the effectiveness of protective forests against rockfall processes and thus enable to value forest ecosystem services for future transregional assessments on a European level. Based on our results, general cost%benefit considerations of nature-based solutions against rockfall, such as protective forests as well as first-order evaluations of rockfall hazard reduction effects of silvicultural measures within the different forest types, can be supported.
Keywords: protection forests, rockfall, European Alps, rockfall hazard
Published in DiRROS: 13.07.2020; Views: 1581; Downloads: 937
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35. 30 let spremljanja stanja gozdov v SlovenijiGregor Božič, Matjaž Čater, Mitja Ferlan, Maarten De Groot, Tine Hauptman, Domen Finžgar, Katarina Flajšman, Anže Japelj, Dušan Jurc, Milan Kobal, Marko Kovač, Hojka Kraigher, Lado Kutnar, Tom Levanič, Aleksander Marinšek, Nikica Ogris, Matej Rupel, Primož Simončič, Iztok Sinjur, Mitja Skudnik, Mihej Urbančič, Andrej Verlič, Urša Vilhar, Saša Vochl, Marjana Westergren, Daniel Žlindra, 2015, scientific monograph Keywords: gozdarstvo, monitoring gozdov, zborniki, Slovenija
Published in DiRROS: 05.06.2020; Views: 2095; Downloads: 569
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36. Cryo-EM structure of the archaeal 50S ribosomal subunit in complex with initiation factor 6 and implications for ribosome evolutionBasil J. Greber, Daniel Boehringer, Vlatka Godinić Mikulčić, Ana Crnković, Michael Ibba, Ivana Weygand-Durašević, Nenad Ban, 2012, original scientific article Keywords: archaeal proteins, cryoelectron microscopy, Methanobacteriaceae, prokaryotic initiation, factors, protein biosynthesis, ribosome subunits, archaeal, ribosomes
Published in DiRROS: 07.05.2020; Views: 1767; Downloads: 1128
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37. Reconstruction of rockfall activity through dendrogeomorphology and a scar-counting approach : a study in a beech forest stand in the Trenta valley (Slovenian Alps)Barbara Žabota, Daniel Trappmann, Tom Levanič, Milan Kobal, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Trees represent an important archive that can be used to reconstruct the spatial and temporal patterns of rockfall events. Rockfall impacts can be recorded in the form of anomalies in tree rings and impact scars on the tree stem. In this paper we demonstrate the use of an approach based on counting scars for reconstructing the frequency and spatial pattern of past rockfalls. The approach was applied by counting the visible scars on the stem surface of 52 European beech trees (Fagus sylvatica L.) in the area of the Trenta Valley, Slovenia. The average number of impacts per trees was 7, and the impacts were mostly classified as old, indicating reduced rockfall activity in recent years. The average recurrence interval was 31.8 years, which was reduced by 1.2 years by the application of the conditional impact probability. The spatial pattern of rockfall impacts shows that rockfall activity is higher in the middle part of the studied slope.
Keywords: rockfall, natural hazards, dendrogeomorphology, tree rings, stem scars, recurrence interval
Published in DiRROS: 01.04.2020; Views: 3942; Downloads: 3002
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38. Raziskovalno delo kot del javne gozdarske službeNike Krajnc, Primož Simončič, Lado Kutnar, Daniel Žlindra, Barbara Piškur, Nikica Ogris, Hojka Kraigher, Gregor Božič, Mitja Skudnik, Matevž Triplat, 2019, professional article Abstract: Skladno z Zakonom o gozdovih del Javne gozdarske službe (JGS) opravlja tudi Gozdarski inštitut Slovenije (GIS). Aktivnosti JGS na GIS so usmerjene predvsem v strokovno podporo Ministrstvu za kmetijstvo, gozdarstvo in prehrano ter Zavodu za gozdove Slovenije. Področja dela JGS / GIS so naslednja: spremljanje stanja razvrednotenja in poškodovanosti gozdov, usmerjanje in strokovno vodstvo poročevalske, prognostično-diagnostične službe za gozdove, strokovno usmerjanje gozdne semenarske in drevesničarske dejavnosti, razvoj informacijskega sistema za gozdove, priprava strokovnih podlag za opravljanje del v gozdovih. GIS v okviru JGS opravlja tudi javna pooblastila. V 25 letih obstoja JGS/GIS so se nabrali številni dosežki ter za slovensko gozdarstvo pomembni rezultati. V prispevku predstavljamo poudarke JGS/GIS, za katere menimo, da so aktualni in zanimivi za strokovno javnost.
Keywords: gozdarstvo, javna gozdarska služba, raziskovalna dejavnost, Gozdarski inštitut Slovenije, javna gozdarska služba
Published in DiRROS: 16.11.2019; Views: 2629; Downloads: 720
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40. Poročilo o spremljanju stanja gozdov za leto 2017 : vsebinsko poročilo o spremljanju stanja gozdov v l. 2017 v skladu s Pravilnikom o varstvu gozdov (2009)Mitja Ferlan, Andrej Grah, Lado Kutnar, Nikica Ogris, Špela Planinšek, Matej Rupel, Primož Simončič, Iztok Sinjur, Mitja Skudnik, Daniel Žlindra, Jure Žlogar, 2018, final research report Keywords: varstvo gozdov, monitoring, meteorologija, letni prirastek, poročila
Published in DiRROS: 04.07.2018; Views: 3102; Downloads: 988
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