1. Low uptake rotavirus vaccine : a study of vaccine effectiveness against rotavirus-related hospitalization based on electronic health records, Slovenia, 2019–2023Maja Mrzel, Kostas Danis, Veronika Učakar, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background In Slovenia, coverage of rotavirus vaccines (Rotarix (RV1) and RotaTeq (RV5)) remains low, and the vaccines are not included in the National Vaccination Programme (NVP). We aimed to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE) against rotavirus-related hospitalization among children aged 6 weeks to 5 years to inform national vaccination policy. Methods We linked Slovenian population registry with vaccination, surveillance, and hospitalization databases for 2019–2023 birth cohorts. We defined fully vaccinated as those receiving all recommended doses with the last dose ≥14 days before the end date (disease onset or hospitalization date, death, or study end) and partially vaccinated those receiving ≥1 dose ≥14 days before the end date. We estimated VE using quasi-Poisson regression, adjusting for age, healthcare access, socioeconomic status, and calendar time, with person-time at risk included as an offset. We also examined the relationship between full vaccination coverage and hospitalization rates across municipalities using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results Among 89,994 children, 4% were partially, and 25% fully vaccinated. A total of 1272 rotavirus hospitalizations occurred, 94% among unvaccinated children. VE against hospitalization was 84% (95% CI: 73%–91%) for full and 81% (95% CI: 42%–94%) for partial vaccination. VE was 85% (95% CI: 74%–91%) for RV1 and 78% (95% CI: −29%–96%) for RV5. VE was 73% (95% CI: 30%–89%) among children aged <11 months and 88% (95% CI: 76%–94%) among those aged 11 to 23 months, with sustained high effectiveness through 5 years of age (84%, 95% CI: 63%–93%). We observed a negative correlation between full vaccination coverage and hospitalization rates across municipalities (r = −0.155, p = 0.024). Conclusion Both full and partial rotavirus vaccination significantly reduced rotavirus-related hospitalizations among children in Slovenia. These findings support efforts to improve vaccine uptake and consideration of rotavirus vaccination inclusion in the NVP to reduce disease burden.
Ključne besede: electronic health records, hospitalization, national vaccination programme, vaccination
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2026; Ogledov: 178; Prenosov: 170
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2. EUROHELICAN—The first helicobacter pylori screen-and-treat population-based study in young adults in EuropeBojan Tepeš, Tatjana Kofol-Bric, Jernej Završnik, Mitja Oblak, Marcel Kralj, Alja Polajžer, Helena Blažun Vošner, Nataša Maguša Lorber, Jin Young Park, Tamara Matysiak‐Budnik, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background Most gastric cancer cases are attributable to chronic Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and can theoretically be prevented. Objective In the EUROHELICAN project, we aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness, and adverse events of a Helicobacter pylori screen-and-treat program in the 30–34-year age group for the first time in Europe. Design The study was conducted in the Community Healthcare Center dr. Adolf Drolc Maribor, following the methodology prepared by the National Institute of Public Health. We invited asymptomatic individuals aged 30–34 to be tested for H. pylori IgG antibodies; positive results were confirmed by urea breath test (UBT). Results 2102 participants accepted the invitation. The response rate was 24.4% (95% CI: 23.2–25.5), which was higher in women—28.1% (95% CI: 26.4–29.8) than in men—20.5% (95% CI: 0.19.0–22.1, p < 0.001). The serological prevalence of H. pylori infection was 14.2% (95% CI: 12.7–15.9). A confirmatory urea breath test (UBT) was positive in 83.7% of serology-positive patients. The eradication rate of 14-day bismuth-based quadruple therapy (esomeprazole 40 mg BID, amoxicillin 500 mg, metronidazole 400 mg and bismuth oxide 120 mg, all QID) was 94.7% (95% CI: 89.5–97.9). Adverse events (AEs) during treatment were reported more frequently in women (38.8%, 95% CI: 28.1–50.3) than in men (21.5%, 95% CI: 12.3–33.5; p < 0.05). Conclusion H. pylori screening and-treat program in 30–34 age group in Slovenia is feasible; H. pylori treatment is very effective with acceptable rate of AEs. Different approaches to raising public awareness are needed to increase participation rates.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.03.2026; Ogledov: 201; Prenosov: 154
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3. EUROHELICAN-accelerating gastric cancer reduction through Helicobacter pylori eradicationBojan Tepeš, Tatjana Kofol-Bric, Mitja Oblak, Jernej Završnik, Helena Blažun Vošner, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background: Most gastric cancer cases are attributable to chronic Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and can theoretically be prevented. The objectives of the EUROHELICAN project were to assess the feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness, and adverse events of the H. pylori screen-and-treat program in younger adults aged 30 to 34 years, for the first time in Europe; to evaluate long-term effects of H. pylori eradication in middle-aged adults (starting from 45 years of age) previously enrolled for at least 5 years in the GISTAR study in Latvia, and to prepare the IARC expert Working Group Report on population-based H. pylori screen-and-treat strategies for gastric cancer prevention. Methods: The study of H. pylori screen-and-treat in younger adults was conducted in the Community Healthcare Center Dr. Adolf Drolc Maribor following methodology prepared by the National Institute of Public Health of Slovenia. Assessment of possible effects of H. pylori screen-and-treat in the long term was conducted by following up on the long-running GISTAR study conducted by the Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine at the University of Latvia. A team of experts led by the Nantes University Hospital evaluated the study protocols and their progress at different stages. The IARC convened a Working Group of international experts to develop globally applicable guidance on best practices for implementing population-based H. pylori screen-and-treat strategies in adult populations to prevent gastric cancer. Conclusions: Both studies received a positive evaluation at different stages of completion and were deemed appropriate for testing the feasibility of H. pylori screen-and-treat in a community health care setting and investigating possible adverse effects of the strategy in the long-term. The IARC expert group guidance report on the implementation of population-based H. pylori screen-and-treat strategies to prevent gastric cancer in adults will guide future primary gastric cancer prevention programs in Europe and beyond.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.03.2026; Ogledov: 203; Prenosov: 174
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4. A new framework to consider equity in urban intervention planning, implementation and evaluation : development and application in a case study on an urban play spaces policyJenny Ahrens, Maddie White, Sonja Jeram, Gordana Ristovska, Jeroen Koning, Helene Gudi-Mindermann, Justus Tönnies, Gesa Czwikla, Miriam Weber, Gabriele Bolte, izvirni znanstveni članek Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.02.2026; Ogledov: 216; Prenosov: 165
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