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Keywords: animal breeding, milk production, economic analysis, impact assessment, mathematical programming
Published in DiRROS: 06.09.2022; Views: 586; Downloads: 178
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Keywords: hulls, semolina, isotopic signature, light flour, conventional, organic
Published in DiRROS: 06.09.2022; Views: 441; Downloads: 167
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Keywords: winemaking, wines, musts, chemical composition, white wines, red wines, oxygen, oxidation, pressing, hyperreduction, microoxygenation, glutathione, caftaric acid, coutaric acid, fertaric acid, hydroxycinnamates, anthocyanins, polyphenols
Published in DiRROS: 06.09.2022; Views: 618; Downloads: 173
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Abstract: The complete mitochondrial genome of the Carniolan honeybee (Apis mellifera carnica) from Slovenia, a homeland of this subspecies, was acquired in two contigs from WGS data and annotated. The newly obtained mitochondrial genome is a circular closed loop of 16,447 bp. It comprises 37 genes (13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes) and an AT-rich control region. The order of the tRNA genes resembles the order characteristic of A. mellifera. The mitogenomic sequence of A. m. carnica from Slovenia contains 44 uniquely coded sites in comparison to the closely related subspecies A. m. ligustica and to A. m. carnica from Austria. Furthermore, 24 differences were recognised in comparison between A. m. carnica and A. m. ligustica subspecies. Among them, there are three SNPs that affect translation in the nd2, nd4, and cox2 genes, respectively. The phylogenetic placement of A. m. carnica from Slovenia within C lineage deviates from the expected position and changes the perspective on relationship between C and O lineages. The results of this study represent a valuable addition to the information available in the phylogenomic studies of A. mellifera—a pollinator species of worldwide importance. Such genomic information is essential for this local subspecies’ conservation and preservation as well as its breeding and selection.
Keywords: western honeybee, Apis mellifera carnica, mitochondrial genome, phylogeny, C lineage, annotation, whole genome sequencing, protection, conservation
Published in DiRROS: 06.09.2022; Views: 494; Downloads: 178
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Abstract: Early leaf removal around the cluster zone is a common technique applied in cool climate viticulture, to regulate yield components and improve fruit quality. Despite the increasing amount of information on early leaf removal and its impact on total soluble solids, anthocyanins and polyphenols, less is known regarding aroma compounds. In order to verify the hypothesis that defoliation, applied before or after flowering, could impact the biosynthesis of thiol precursors, we performed a two year (2013 and 2014) experiment on Sauvignon blanc. We provided evidence that differential accumulation of thiols precursors in berries is affected by the timing of defoliation and this impact was related to modifications in biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, the possible interaction between leaf removal treatment and seasonal weather conditions, and its effect on the biosynthesis of volatile precursors are discussed. Our results suggested that in Sauvignon blanc the relative proportion of 4-S-glutathionyl-4-methylpentan-2-one (G-4MSP) and 3-S-glutathionylhexan-1-ol (G-3SH) precursors can be affected by defoliation, and this could be related to the induction of two specific genes encoding glutathione-S-transferases (VvGST3 and VvGST5), while no significant effects on basic fruit chemical parameters, polyphenols and methoxypyrazines were ascertained under our experimental conditions.
Keywords: early leaf removal, cluster exposure, thiol precursors, methoxypyrazines, Vitis vinifera
Published in DiRROS: 06.09.2022; Views: 443; Downloads: 193
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