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Ključne besede: EAF dust, zinc recovery, kinetic analysis, two-step leaching
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 04.09.2026; Ogledov: 36; Prenosov: 26
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Povzetek: Rechargeable alkaline batteries (RABs) represent a promising post-lithium energy storage technology owing to their intrinsic safety, use of sustainable materials, and compatibility with existing battery manufacturing infrastructure. However, their com- mercial deployment remains limited by insufficient understanding of ageing and degradation mechanisms. In this work, spec- tral X-ray micro-computed tomography (S-XμCT) is employed to non-destructively investigate pristine and aged Mn–Bi-based RABs, with the aim of resolving ageing-induced changes. A spectral photon-counting detector was used to acquire multi-energy datasets, which were then processed and decomposed into material-specific volumes corresponding to carbon, manganese, and bismuth. Stability and reproducibility testing confirmed the robustness of the S-XμCT acquisition and decomposition process. Quantitative image analysis revealed a pronounced increase in the number of clustered features in aged samples, strongly local- ized near the anode interface, with the bismuth specific volume providing improved discrimination compared to the traditional attenuation volume. These results highlight the added value of S-XμCT for material-specific, volumetric assessment of degrada- tion phenomena in rechargeable alkaline batteries and suggests its potential as a non-destructive diagnostic tool for battery ageing studies.
Ključne besede: zinc battery, rechargeable batteries, tomography, alkaline batteries, spectral CT
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.06.2026; Ogledov: 282; Prenosov: 230
Celotno besedilo (4,44 MB)
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Povzetek: The study presents the fabrication, electrochemical testing, and characterization based on hyperspectral soft-X ray imaging and hard X-ray computed microtomography of novel gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) for alkaline rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs). α-MnO2 nanowires and Ni/NiO core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) were employed as Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) and Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) electrocatalysts. In order to achieve high catalyst loading and reduce fabrication times, the GDEs were fabricated by hot-pressing. The electrochemical functional testing of the GDEs was carried out with a rapid screening protocol (RSP) as well as with prolonged galvanostatic discharge-charge cycling (GCDC) under realistic operating conditions. Hot-pressed MnO2-based GDEs with loadings in the range 17 ± 0.9 mg cm-2 exhibit high stability and low ORR and OER overpotentials compared with the literature state-of-the-art. In contrast, MnO2/Ni-GDEs, fabricated with the same approach, are not as effective, owing to subtle architectural changes induced by addition of Ni/NiO NPs. This observation triggered in depth investigation of the architecture-function relationship for the fabrication approach considered. Specifically, X-ray micro-computed tomography disclosed clustering of Ni NPs leading to OER localization inside the active-layer (AL), in turn causing AL delamination. In addition, chemical-state mapping based on soft-X ray absorption hyperspectral micro-imaging revealed that MnO2-GDEs retain a higher proportion of electrochemically active Mn(III) and Mn(IV), when compared with GDEs of similar composition, but fabricated by spray coating in previous work in our group. Moreover, we found that the hot-pressing mitigates carbothermal reduction of α-MnO2, that unbalances the electrocatalytic blend of Mn chemical states.
Ključne besede: zinc-air battery, gas diffusion electrode, tomography, degradation, STXM
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.05.2026; Ogledov: 335; Prenosov: 83
Celotno besedilo (4,04 MB)
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Povzetek: LCA analysis of the project-developed Zn-battery prototype.
Ključne besede: zinc batteries, mobility, green transition, LCA, sustainability, cinkove baterije, mobilnost, zeleni prehod, LCA, trajnostnost
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.04.2026; Ogledov: 494; Prenosov: 0
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Povzetek: Zinc-based batteries are promising for sustainable energy storage due to their low cost and environmental friendliness. However, challenges such as passivation, low cycle life, and limited zinc utilization hinder practical commercialization. In this study, we address these challenges using ZnO@C nanoparticles (NPs) as anode active material, optimizing slurry formulation and electrode architectures. PTFE and CMC were employed as complementary binders to enhance mechanical integrity, wettability, and zinc utilization, while reducing the reliance on fluorinated binders. Two electrode fabrication methods — blade coating and hot pressing — were evaluated to assess the effects of active layer thickness on performance and durability. Full-cell Zn/Ni tests were run under harsh testing condition: closed cell, low amount of electrolyte and no additive or ZnO saturation. We found that thinner (ca. 100 μm), blade-coated ZnO@C anodes outperformed thicker (ca. 400 μm) hot-pressed electrodes in both cycle life and specific capacity. Blade-coated electrodes maintained a discharge-specific capacity exceeding 400 mAh g−1 for over 200 cycles and achieved a maximum of 524 mAh g−1, approximately 80 % of ZnO theoretical capacity. Post-mortem X-ray computed microtomography analyses revealed that the crucial electrode architecture parameters are ZnO particle accessibility and even utilization in the electrode bulk. These resulted to be optimal in blade-coated electrodes, while heterogeneities and untransformed ZnO volumes were found in the hot-pressed ones. Additionally, in view of concrete device implementation, the often overlooked role of cell casing materials was explicitly addressed. Specifically, the galvanic coupling among electrode material, current collector and cell casing was positively measured and rationalized. By integrating innovations in slurry formulations, electrode design, and practical testing setups, this work provides guidelines to transfer nanostructured Zn anodes to the practical device environment.
Ključne besede: Zn anode, zinc-alkaline batteries, nanostructured electrodes, electrode architecture, ZnO nanoparticle, X-ray microtomography
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 13.01.2026; Ogledov: 614; Prenosov: 589
Celotno besedilo (4,64 MB)
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