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Povzetek: Background and objective: Traditional and planimetric plaque indices rely on plaque-disclosing agents and cannot quantify three-dimensional (3D) structures of dental biofilms. We introduce a novel computer-assisted method for evaluating and visualising plaque volume using intraoral scans (IOSs). Materials and methods: This was a 4-day, non-brushing, plaque-regrowth study (n = 15). All plaque was removed at baseline (T0). IOSs at T0 and after 4 days (T4) were used for volumetric plaque assessment in six steps: model acquisition, model superimposition, computer-aided determination of tooth-surface margins, tooth-surface superimposition, visualisation and volumetric evaluation of biofilms. Plaque formation at T4 was additionally assessed with the Turesky Modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TMQHPlI). We used Pearson's correlation coefficients and multilevel models to investigate the relationships between TMQHPlI, volumetric plaque index (VPI) and the adjusted volumetric plaque index (AVPI, plaque volume/area). Results: VPI and AVPI positively correlated with the TMQHPlI, showing higher variability at lower TMQHPlI scores. VPI had a lower threshold for plaque detection and higher sensitivity than the TMQHPlI. VPI and TMQHPlI were highest on vestibular, maxillary and molar surfaces. Conclusion: VPI quantifies biofilm deposits, is a more precise measure for plaque detection than the TMQHPlI and can be visualised using colour-coded maps displaying areas of equal plaque thickness.
Ključne besede: computer‐assisted image analysis, dental plaque, dental plaque index, diagnostic imaging, digital technology, three‐dimensional imaging
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 15.04.2026; Ogledov: 176; Prenosov: 159
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Povzetek: Access to information is strongly related to forming personal/social opinions, one of the critical building blocks of democratic governance, while access to information is also crucially linked to media literacy, which affects the separation between quality, reliable information and misleading information. In the dissemination of information and communication with state authorities and other stakeholders, the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is also essential. However, the availability and usage of those technologies differ among the EU macro-regions. This article shows the foundations of adopting ICT technologies in European macro-regions. It reviews data on how many people do not use a computer and how much they use ICT to communicate with public authorities. The data used in the research covers the years between 2008 and 2021, with which we will try to determine if there are changes in this topic.
Ključne besede: Technology adaptation, ICT, macro-regions, European Union, democracy
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.04.2026; Ogledov: 228; Prenosov: 174
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Povzetek: Male factor infertility accounts for approximately 30–50% of all infertility cases. The primary causes include genetic abnormalities, sexually transmitted infections, physical or anatomical issues, hormonal imbalances, lifestyle factors, and environmental influences. Despite significant advances in diagnostic techniques, an identifiable cause remains elusive in nearly 40% of cases. One less commonly recognized factor is male immune infertility, which results from the presence of antisperm antibodies (ASA) in semen. These antibodies are typically identified through an extended semen analysis. Under normal physiological conditions, spermatogenesis and sperm transport occur within an immune-privileged environment. However, when the blood-testis barrier is compromised due to trauma, infection, or surgery, ASA may form. The effects of ASA on fertility can vary, but evidence indicates that ASA presence may impair sperm motility and capacitation, promote sperm agglutination, and be associated with DNA fragmentation. To address these challenges, assisted reproductive technologies (ART), including intrauterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), are commonly used. These methods have proven to be effective in overcoming ASA-related infertility and improving reproductive outcomes. Given the ongoing debate and uncertainty surrounding the clinical relevance of ASA, this paper aims to review existing literature, explore the concept of male immune infertility, identify its risk factors, outline current methods for ASA detection, evaluate the role of ASA in ART, highlight both the strengths and limitations of current research, and contribute to a clearer understanding of this complex condition. After our literature review, we could confirm that multicentric studies with large groups of patients related to this topic are rarely found, and that there are many uncertainties regarding the clinical significance of ASA. The complete system of diagnosing male immune infertility lacks precise guidelines that infertility clinics could use in their routine male infertility check-ups.
Ključne besede: male infertility, male immune infertility, antisperm antibodies, mixed antiglobulin reaction test, MAR test, assisted reproductive technology
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 13.03.2026; Ogledov: 257; Prenosov: 154
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Povzetek: The International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) guidelines represent a rich repository that serves as the only comprehensive set of clinical recommendations for children, adolescents, and young adults living with diabetes worldwide. This chapter builds on the 2022 ISPAD guidelines, and updates recommendations on the glycemic targets for children and adolescents living with diabetes. A new target for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of ≤6.5% (48 mmol/mol) is recommended for those who have access to advanced diabetes technologies like continuous glucose monitoring and automated insulin delivery. This target should be encouraged for all children and adolescents living with diabetes when safely achievable. In other settings, the HbA1c target is ≤7.0% (53 mmol/mol).
Ključne besede: glycemic targets, technology, burden, diabetes-related complications, adolescent, child, blood glucose, diabetes mellitus, glycemic control
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.02.2026; Ogledov: 656; Prenosov: 213
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Povzetek: Archivists tied between the development of information technology, information science and new legal regulations must deliberate the future acquisition policy of the archives in different circumstances. For decades we have been talking about an explosion of unconventional material. The development and quantity of new information were faster than us. In this paper, we wanted to point to some of the new circumstances of the archival service in Croatia, or the more or less the entire archival community. Archivists in Croatia were particularly interested in the adoption of the Law on amendments to the Law on archival material and archives in May 2017 and the recent adoption of a new, comprehensive Law on archival material and archives. In the context of these changes, which will happen in the future or have already occurred, we must ensure the protection and preservation of the authenticity of the already generated electronic material and conversion into a digital format suitable for long-term preservation and after being taken over to the archives. In addition, we must educate people new competencies. Encouraged by these changes, we will try to describe the prospect of future acquisitions policy of archives.
Ključne besede: acquisition policy, new Law on archival materials and archives, information technology, electronic form
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 29.01.2026; Ogledov: 403; Prenosov: 307
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