1. Autoimmune mast cell activation test as a diagnostic tool in chronic spontaneous urticariaAna Koren, Luka Dejanović, Matija Rijavec, Peter Kopač, Mojca Bizjak, Mihaela Zidarn, Mitja Košnik, Peter Korošec, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: first_pagesettingsOrder Article Reprints
Open AccessArticle
Autoimmune Mast Cell Activation Test as a Diagnostic Tool in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria
by Ana Koren 1,*ORCID,Luka Dejanović 1ORCID,Matija Rijavec 1,2ORCID,Peter Kopač 1,3ORCID,Mojca Bizjak 1ORCID,Mihaela Zidarn 1,3,Mitja Košnik 1,3ORCID andPeter Korošec 1,4
1
University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia
2
Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
3
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
4
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(17), 9281; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179281
Submission received: 25 July 2024 / Revised: 23 August 2024 / Accepted: 25 August 2024 / Published: 27 August 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progression of Allergy and Immune Response)
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Abstract
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is associated with skin mast cell activation, and its triggering mechanisms are not completely elucidated. Evidence suggests an autoimmune component of CSU. Our aim was to assess the usefulness of an autoimmune mast cell activation test (aiMAT) for diagnosing and differentiating CSU into different subtypes. We enrolled 43 patients with active, uncontrolled CSU before starting treatment with omalizumab and 15 controls. Patients were evaluated based on omalizumab response. aiMATs were performed using non-IgE-sensitized (NS) or myeloma IgE-sensitized (S) LAD2 cells, which were then stimulated with CSU/control sera (25 µL and 10 µL). The expression of CD63 was assessed with flow cytometry. CD63 response on NS-LAD2 was significantly increased in CSU patients compared to controls after the stimulation with 25 µL CSU/control sera (p = 0.0007) and with 10 µL CSU/control sera (p = 0.0001). The ROC curve analysis demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82. The cutoff for autoimmune-non-IgE-sensitized-MAT was 40.3% CD63+ LAD2, which resulted in 73.3% sensitivity and 81.4% specificity. CD63 response on S-LAD2 was significantly increased in CSU patients compared to controls after the stimulation with 25 µL CSU/control sera (p = 0.03). The ROC curve analysis demonstrated an AUC of 0.66. The cutoff for the autoimmune-myeloma IgE-sensitized-MAT was 58.4% CD63+ cells, which resulted in 62.8% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity. Overall, 36 out of 43 (84%) patients responded to omalizumab, and 7 (16%) were nonresponders. We found no differences between LAD2 CD63 response and response to omalizumab. In conclusion, aiMAT could represent a new diagnostic tool in CSU. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the potential benefits during omalizumab therapy.
Ključne besede: mast cell activation test, LAD2, chronic spontaneous urticaria, omalizumab, CD63 expression
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2. The advantages of flow cytometry in comparison to fluorometric measurement in algal toxicity testTina Eleršek, 2012, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Fluorometric measurements in algal toxicity tests are very commonly used as surrogate parameters for algal biomass. Although, fluorometry is a powerful technique, we have demonstrated that it is not suitable for determination of toxic effects of chemicals, which alter the fluorescence spectra. We recommendthe flow cytometry as the best technique for detecting algal and/or cyanobacterial cell count and fluorescence per cell. Flow cytometry has many advantages: little volume of algal/cyanobacterial sample required, suitable also for little algal/cyanobacterial cells, distinction between live and dead cells. Furthermore, flow cytometry reveals the early changes in fluorescence spectra as a consequence of the specific chemicals presence or stress, even though the cell count is not yet affected (an early marker for ecotoxicology testing).
Ključne besede: algae, cyanobacteria, ecotoxicity test, fluorescence, flow cytometry
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3. Simulation of high-temperature corrosion behavior of Ti6Al4V alloy in marine environmentsRongtao Zhu, Liang Zhang, Yuan Bo, Wei Chen, Shilu Chen, Shan Chi, Chunjiang Guo, Zhiwen Xie, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: Ti6Al4V alloy, high-temperature oxidation, hot-salt test, marine environment
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4. Cellular and humoral response after induction of protection and after finishing Hymenoptera venom immunotherapyAjda Demšar Luzar, Matija Rijavec, Mitja Košnik, Urška Bidovec, Jerneja Debeljak, Mihaela Zidarn, Peter Kopač, Peter Korošec, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy, sting challenge, biomarkers, serology, basophil activation test, follow-up
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5. Multiplex basophil activation tests for allergy diagnosis : present and future applicationsAna Koren, Peter Korošec, 2024, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The basophil activation test (BAT) has become a major cellular in vitro test for evaluating the allergenic activity of specific IgEs. The impact of the BAT is due to the ability of blood basophil granulocytes to present IgE on the high-affinity FcεRI receptor and to mirror the mast cell response that elicits an acute allergic reaction. The BAT proved to be able to identify allergic patients at risk of reacting to a low dose of the allergen and/or developing life-threatening reactions and thus can significantly improve the current management of allergic patients. However, to improve the diagnostic utility for identifying the allergenic activity of different genuinely sensitizing allergens and lower the procedure and labour requirements, developing a multiplex BAT approach incorporating multiple allergen components would be highly anticipated. Recently, the novel multiplex BAT was described utilizing two major innovative steps. The first step was the fluorescent labeling of allergens. The second step was applying fluorescently labeled allergens in flow cytometry assessment to analyze the activation of basophil subpopulations gated according to the binding of different allergens or to evaluate the fluorescence intensity of multiple allergens on the surface of basophils. These novel cellular multiplex approaches will advance our understanding of IgE-mediated responses. Integration of multiplex BAT, in addition to multiplex IgE assays into practice, will personalize the measurement of allergenic IgE activity and can help estimate the likelihood of clinical relevance and risks for multiple allergens when testing individual allergic patients.
Ključne besede: allergy, diagnosis, basophil activation test, CD63, multiplex analysis
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.02.2025; Ogledov: 179; Prenosov: 115
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6. Increasing the confinement in railway track ballast layersStanislav Lenart, Siva Ram Karumanchi, 2024, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Povzetek: Insufficient effective confining pressure within the ballast layer can lead to the permanent rotation of grains, causing increased wear and abrasion. Augmenting confinement may not only mitigate ballast degradation but also enhance the overall performance of the track. The increased confining pressure causes the increase of ballasted track stiffness and reduction of resilient and permanent deformation. This paper outlines developing a cost-effective ballast wall arrangement (BWA) to boost ballast layer confinement without disrupting maintenance procedures. It involves incorporating specific secondary raw material elements along the track shoulder, combined with a horizontal geosynthetic reinforcing layer at the base of the ballast layer. These shoulder elements not only impact the track's geometry but also facilitate a reduction in required ballast volume. The efficacy of the ballast confinement mechanism has undergone small-scale testing to prove the concept of reinforcement. Numerical modeling has been developed, which plays a crucial role in supporting the optimal design of this solution.
Ključne besede: ballast, railway track, geosynthetics, confining pressure, small-scale test
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 30.01.2025; Ogledov: 131; Prenosov: 79
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8. One (financial well-being) model fits all? : testing the multidimensional subjective financial well-being scale across nine countriesAngela Sorgente, Žan Lep, Maja Zupančič, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: A multidimensional model of emerging adults’ subjective financial well-being was proposed (Sorgente and Lanz, Int Journal of Behavioral Development, 43(5), 466–478 2019). The authors also developed a 5-factor scale (the Multidimensional Subjective Financial Well-being Scale, MSFWBS) intending to measure this construct in the European context. To date, data using this instrument have been collected in nine countries: Austria, Canada, Finland, India, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, and Turkey. In the current study, data from these countries were analysed to test the validity of this model internationally. In particular, using an international sample of 4,475 emerging adults, we collected the following kinds of validity evidence for the MSFWBS: score structure, reliability, generalizability, convergent, and criterion-related evidence. Findings suggest that the MSFWBS (1) yields valid and reliable scores, and (2) works well in individualistic and economically developed countries, producing comparable scores. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.
Ključne besede: psychology, finance, well being, cross cultural studies, test reliability, test validity, emerging adulthood, Multidimensional subjective financial well-being scale for emerging adults MSFWBS, Satisfaction with life scale SWLS
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.01.2025; Ogledov: 140; Prenosov: 65
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9. Soil water repellency of two disturbed soils contaminated with different agricultural microplastics tested under controlled laboratory conditionsŠpela Železnikar, Damjana Drobne, Matej Hočevar, Matic Noč, Marina Pintar, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Soil water repellency (SWR) significantly affects plant growth, along with surface and subsurface hydrology, posing a challenge for agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability. Nowadays, the occurrence of microplastics (MP) in the environment, particularly from agricultural practices, raises concerns about MP impact on soil properties. Among them, SWR is affected by hydrophobicity of MP particles detected in soils. This study introduces a method and presents results of a screening test to assess the effects of MP on SWR, utilizing Water Drop Penetration Time (WDPT) analysis under controlled laboratory conditions in destructed soil samples. We compared SWR of two soil types differing in portion of sand, loam and clay. Soils were mixed with three different types of MP originating from agricultural mulch films: low-density polyethylene (LDPE), biodegradable poly butylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), and starch-based biodegradable plastics (Starch). The MP were milled to a uniform size range of some 10 to 300 μm and mixed with the soil samples. WDPT measurements were taken immediately after mixing and recorded for up to 60 s in order to find MP concentration levels at which strongly or more severely water repellency is inducted on soil samples. Our findings reveal that both, soil type and MP type significantly influence SWR, where there are notable differences observed between bio-based (Starch based) and non-bio-based (LDPE and PBAT) plastics’ effects on SWR in the two tested soil types. Data highlights the distinct behaviour of Starch in altering soil hydrophobicity, prominently different from the impact of both PBAT and LDPE. The measurement technique we have developed for quantifying SWR levels could be used for both research applications and the dissemination of findings. It can significantly enhance decision-making processes regarding the selection of optimal plastic alternatives for agricultural use.
Ključne besede: environmental pollution, microplastic, water drop penetration time, laboratory test
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 10.12.2024; Ogledov: 195; Prenosov: 109
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10. TPS reports with description of the method, materials and software used, as well as the data analysis - Round 2, Version 1.0 : grant agreement N. 773139Géraldine Anthoine, Ian Brittain, Aude Chabirand, Tanja Dreo, Francesco Faggioli, Catherine Harrison, Marta Luigi, Tadeja Lukežič, Slavica Matić, Nataša Mehle, Monica Mezzalama, Hanna Mouaziz, Maja Ravnikar, Jean-Philippe Renvoise, Davide Spadaro, Laura Tomassoli, Ana Vučurović, 2021, elaborat, predštudija, študija Povzetek: The aim of the deliverable 1.4. is to present a summary of the results obtained in the Round 1 of the test performance studies (TPS) organized by WP1 on six prioritized pests. Tests selection for each TPS was conducted following the “Common rules for selection of tests for TPS” and based on the “Weighted criteria for selection of tests for TPS”, both described in deliverable D1.1, while the list of selected tests for each TPS is available and explained in deliverable D1.2. TPS participants were selected following the “Common rules for selection of participants for TPS” and based on the “Criteria for selection of participants of TPS”, also both described in deliverable D1.1. For each of the six TPSs, the methodology used to perform the tests, the results of preliminary studies to select the tests, the results of the TPS and their thorough analysis and interpretation are described in corresponding TPS reports (supplementary information available upon request under confidentiality agreement). The validation data obtained during the six TPSs will be available in the validation section of the EPPO database on the diagnostic expertise. Main outcomes for each of the TPSs are highlighted as well as difficulties noticed during the organization process, which will improve organization of the following studies in the Round 2.
Ključne besede: test performance study, plant diseases
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