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Ključne besede: oral health, quality of life, questionnaire, validity, reliability, Slovenia, Croatia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 20.04.2026; Ogledov: 307; Prenosov: 222
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Povzetek: Integrated pest management (IPM) prioritizes non-chemical alternatives for managing pests and/or diseases, reserving chemicals as last solution, when economically and environmentally justified. The holistic consideration of the agroecosystem makes decision-making in crop protection more complex, as it requires selecting the most appropriate action at the right time. Decision support systems (DSS) for IPM help manage the risks of pests and diseases affecting crops by predicting potential threats and suggesting suitable control measures. However, their adoption remains modest among farmers, despite demonstrated benefits. An anonymous online survey was conducted among farmers, advisors, and other agricultural stakeholders to investigate factors influencing DSS uptake, or lack thereof. The survey distinguished between DSS users and non-users, enabling targeted questions on different aspects of DSS use and adoption. In total, 78 respondents were classified as DSS users and 29 as DSS non-users. Data were analyzed through clustering, followed by statistical validation of clusters and induction of a classification tree, to identify the most influential features shaping cluster formation among both DSS users and DSS non-users. The analysis identified four clusters in the DSS users’ dataset and two clusters in the DSS non-users’ dataset. For DSS users, DSS output reliability and usefulness were identified as the most influential features. Membership in a farmers’ network and DSS ease of use also contributed to cluster separation. For DSS non-users, DSS availability for different cropping systems was the most important attribute determining cluster separation. The results indicate that farmer involvement in DSS development and calibration may enhance trust and, therefore, adoption. Moreover, the need for user-friendly systems providing simple and clear information was highlighted. Although the lack of DSS tailored to specific cropping systems emerged as the main barrier, limited awareness and concerns about costs were also important obstacles. The applied methodological approach presents a reproducible and robust AI-based framework, built on open-source tools, to analyze stakeholders’ perceptions of IPM DSS and extract knowledge from complex survey data. This study provides valuable insights to facilitate DSS adoption for more sustainable crop protection and underscores the importance of both DSS technical performance and end-user needs.
Ključne besede: AI-based analysis, decision support systems uptake, pathways and obstacles, questionnaire
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 07.04.2026; Ogledov: 294; Prenosov: 214
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Povzetek: Background: There is a limited amount of published research on the dimensionality and reliability of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) questionnaire for adult patients referred for oral appliance therapy. This information is crucial for dentists, who often lack objective measures of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) during titration process of an oral appliance. This study investigated the dimensionality and reliability of ESS scores in adult dental patients with SDB undergoing oral appliance treatment. Methods: In 103 dental patients with SDB referred by a physician (mean age: 52.3 ± 13.0 years; 35% female), the dimensionality of the ESS was investigated using exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to determine how many scores are needed to characterize the construct. ESS questionnaires were administered twice before treatment. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were assessed. Results: Horn's parallel analysis suggested a one-factor model. Extracting one factor and standardizing loadings led to strong loadings for all items, ranging from 0.53 to 0.82. The fit indices indicated a good model fit (Comparative Fit Index = 0.999, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.020, and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.064). Cronbach's alpha with 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.85 (0.82-0.88), indicating strong internal consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient type 2,1 (95% CI) was 0.86 (0.79-0.90), and the weighted kappa ranged from 0.50 to 0.81. Conclusions: In this patient population, the ESS reliably characterizes excessive daytime sleepiness with a single score and appears suitable for individual assessment in dental patients undergoing oral appliance treatment for SDB.
Ključne besede: dental sleep medicine, dimensionality, epworth sleepiness scale, excessive daytime sleepiness, factor analysis, obstructive sleep apnea, oral appliance, questionnaire, reliability, sleep-disordered breathing
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.01.2026; Ogledov: 416; Prenosov: 297
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Povzetek: Background: Beekeepers are at increased risk for anaphylaxis due to frequent honeybee stings. This study developed an educational program for anaphylaxis prevention and an assessment tool to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of Slovenian beekeepers.Methods: The educational program was developed using the Delphi method with 13 healthcare professionals (9 allergists and 4 registered nurses specialized in allergology). The Beekeepers Anaphylaxis Awareness and Learning Questionnaire (BAALQ) consisted of two distinct components, developed by 12 experts. Content validity for the Recognition and Anaphylaxis Action Scale (RAAS) was confirmed by 59 healthcare professionals. Criterion and construct validity were assessed with 143 beekeepers without a history of anaphylaxis, using a nominal scale for measuring knowledge and a 5-point Likert scale for evaluating Socio-Cultural Learning Attitudes Scale (SCLAS). Knowledge differences among beekeepers before and after the educational intervention were evaluated using the Wilcoxon test. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was used to assess internal consistency of the instrument.Results: The RAAS included 26 statements. Kendall’s W was 0.799 (95% CI: 0.718–0.866, x2 = 359, p < 0.001), indicating strong expert agreement, while Cronbach’s alpha was 0.798 (95% CI: 0.756–0.840). To further assess internal consistency, the Split-half method showed a Pearson correlation of 0.733, with a Spearman-Brown correction value of 0.846, confirming the instrument’s good reliability. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant increase in knowledge (Z = −10.078; p < 0.001), with Mdn scores rising from 18 to 25. The SCLAS included 15 statements. Kendall’s W was 0.714 (95% CI: 0.600–0.814, x2 = 289, p < 0.001). Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed three factors: “Self-confidence,” “Importance of knowledge and education,” and “Influence of gender and age.” The model fit well (RMSEA = 0.0618, CFI = 0.925, TLI = 0.911), with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.717 (95% CI: 0.683–0.751).Conclusion: The developed educational program is effective in improving beekeepers’ knowledge of recognizing and responding to anaphylaxis. The assessment tool shows strong validity and reliability and supports its use in future educational and research contexts.
Ključne besede: knowledge, attitudes, questionnaire
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.12.2025; Ogledov: 580; Prenosov: 337
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Povzetek: This survey discusses current and emerging isothermal and rapid polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based nucleic acid amplification methods for near-patient diagnostics. To assess the clinical need of rapid diagnostics for infectious diseases based on nucleic acid tests (NATs) we performed and analysed a questionnaire among laboratories participating in corresponding INSTAND ring trials for external quality assurance. The questions concerning new amplification technologies like isothermal nucleic acid amplification, potentially suited to significantly decrease turnaround times, were complemented by questions to evaluate the present status of NATs. Besides end-users, companies were also addressed by sending out a manufacturer specific questionnaire. Analysis of the answers from 48 laboratories in 14 European countries revealed that a much shorter turnaround time is requested for selected pathogens compared to about 2 h or longer when applying temperature cycling amplification, i.e. PCR. In this context, most frequently mentioned were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), norovirus, influenza A and B viruses, cytomegalovirus (CMV) as well as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). At present, 8% of the laboratories having participated in this survey apply isothermal amplification of nucleic acids to identify infectious pathogens.
Ključne besede: nucleic acid tests, infectious diseases, virus detection, bacteria detection, isothermal nucleic acid amplification, status report, questionnaire, NAT, PCR
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 26.07.2024; Ogledov: 1644; Prenosov: 1014
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