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Povzetek: The genetic diversity of forest trees, as provided by Forest Genetic Resources (FGR) and being the basis for the production of Forest Reproductive Material (FRM), is fundamental for maintaining forest resilience, adaptability, health, productivity, and biological diversity. Despite their importance, stakeholder governance of genetic diversity remains under-studied. This study aims to address this gap by mapping the forest stakeholder landscape FGR governance. Using the Quadruple Helix Approach, we categorised stakeholders into academia, industry, government, and civil society identifying relevant sub-communities. The mapping process involved iterative revisions through expert consultations, workshops, and literature scoping. Results show that the FGR sub-community is situated between strict conservation efforts and applied forestry, supporting both genetic conservation and productive forest management. The FRM sub-community, dealing specifically with the production and deployment of FRM, prioritises tree breeding, seed production, and afforestation/reforestation programmes. Meanwhile, the Protected Forests (PF) sub-community focuses on strict nature conservation, advocating minimal human intervention while facing pressures from resource extraction, tourism, and land-use conflicts. The diverging attitudes and values of close-to-nature forest management, intensive forestry, and strict protections, respectively, exist within same stakeholder groups, as well as among different ones, and are spanning all sub-communities. The study uncovers key tensions such as competing land-use priorities between forestry, agriculture, infrastructure and energy sectors, limited flow of knowledge between stakeholder categories and governance misalignments between local, national, and international regulations. The findings are particularly relevant for policymakers, forest managers, forest nurseries, conservation organisations, and industry stakeholders to balance conservation with sustainable forest utilisation. By integrating stakeholder perspectives and highlighting key governance challenges, this study shows where a common ground can be found and where divergent opinions are strong, opening the way for more integrated strategies and policies
Ključne besede: natural resource governance, actors' identification, social-ecological systems, quadruple helix approach, forestry, forest management, biodiversity conservation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 24.06.2025; Ogledov: 111; Prenosov: 63
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Povzetek: The dataset includes Pan-European maps of timber volume (Vol), above-ground biomass (AGB), and deciduous-coniferous proportion (DCP) with a pixel size of 10×10 m for the reference year 2020. In addition, a measure of prediction uncertainty is provided for each pixel. The maps have been created using a combination of a Sentinel-2 mosaic, Copernicus layers, and National Forest Inventory (NFI) data. The mapping was done with the k-Nearest Neighbour (kNN, k=7) approach with harmonized data of species-specific Vol and AGB from 14 NFIs consisting of approximately 151 000 field plots across Europe. The maps cover 40 European countries, forming a continuous coverage of the western part of the European continent. A sample of 1/3 of NFI plots was left out for validation, whereas 2/3 of the plots were used for mapping. Maps were created independently for 13 multi-country processing areas. Root-mean-squared-errors (RMSEs) for AGB ranged from 53 % in the Nordic processing area to 73 % in the South-Eastern area. The maps are on average nearly unbiased on European level (1.0 % of the mean AGB), but show significant overestimation for small biomass values (53 % bias for forests with AGB less than 150 t/ha) and underestimation for high biomass values (-55 % bias for forests with AGB higher than 500 t/ha). The created maps are the first of their kind as they are utilizing a large number of harmonized NFI plot observations and consistent remote sensing data for high-resolution forest attribute mapping. While the published maps can be useful for visualization and other purposes, they are primarily meant as auxiliary information in model-assisted estimation where model-related biases can be mitigated, and field-based estimates improved. Therefore, additional calibration procedures were not applied, and especially high Vol and AGB values tend to be underestimated. We therefore discourage from summarizing map values (pixel counting) over areas in interest, as this may inadvertently result in biased estimates.
Ključne besede: European forest monitoring system, remote sensing, in-situ data, forest attribute maps
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.06.2025; Ogledov: 158; Prenosov: 83
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Povzetek: Invasive alien species (IAS) pose a signiicant threat to forest ecosystems by disrupting ecological networks and competing with native species. Forest habitat patches and corridors designed to enhance connectivity and biodiversity can unintentionally promote the dispersal of IAS, further compromising the ecological integrity of the forest ecosystem. This chapter discusses two main aspects related to IAS and forest connectivity: (1) the spread of IAS in the landscape and their impacts on native species and (2) the consequences of IAS on forest connectivity. Effective management of IAS is crucial to improve connectivity for native species while restricting the spread opportunity for aliens and preserve biodiversity. Ideally, a site-speciic risk analysis should precede conservation or restoration efforts, determining the potential impact of IAS on the respective habitat patch’s structural and functional connectivity, and vice versa. Furthermore, this chapter explores management strategies to control IAS, including physical removal, biological control, and monitoring. Citizen involvement and remote sensing play vital roles in supporting management actions, IAS detection and long-term monitoring, and habitat connectivity. Including stakeholders such as forest owners and managers in such actions ensures a collaborative approach to safeguarding forest ecosystems from the threats posed by IAS.
Ključne besede: forest health, invasive alien species
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.06.2025; Ogledov: 197; Prenosov: 75
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Povzetek: Understanding competition between trees is essential for sustainable forest management as interactions between trees in uneven-aged mixed forests play a key role in growth dynamics. This study investigated nine competition indices (CIs) for their suitability to model the effects of neighboring trees on silver fir (Abies alba) growth in Dinaric silver fir-European beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests. Although numerous competition indices have been developed, there is still limited consensus on their applicability in different forest types, especially in mature, structurally complex forest stands. The indices were evaluated using the adjusted coefficient of determination in a linear model wherein the volume growth of the last five years for 60 dominant silver fir trees was modeled as a function of tree volume and competition index. The results demonstrated that distance-dependent indices (e.g., the Hegyi height-distance competition and Rouvinen-Kuuluvainen diameter-distance competition indices), which consider the distance to competitors and their size, perform better than distance-independent indices. Using the optimization procedure in calculating the competition indices, only neighboring trees at a distance of up to 26-fold the diameter at breast height (DBH) of the selected tree (optimal search radius) and with a DBH of at least 20% of that of the target tree (optimal DBH) were considered competitors. Therefore, competition significantly influences the growth of dominant silver firs even in older age classes. The model based solely on tree volume explained 32.5% of the variability in volume growth, while the model that accounted for competition explained 64%. Optimizing the optimal search radius had a greater impact on model performance than optimizing the DBH threshold. This emphasizes the importance of balancing stand density and competition in silvicultural practice.
Ključne besede: sustainable forest management, Dinaric silver fir-European beech forests, Competition indices, CIs, optimal search distance, optimal diameter at breast height, DBH
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 05.06.2025; Ogledov: 162; Prenosov: 73
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Ključne besede: forest fires, forest policy, Europe
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.05.2025; Ogledov: 326; Prenosov: 126
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