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Iskalni niz: "ključne besede" (factors) .

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1.
Effects of governmental data governance on urban fire risk : a city-wide analysis in China
Zhao-Ge Liu, Xiang-Yang Li, Grunde Jomaas, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: The effects of data governance (as a means to maximize big data value creation in fire risk management) performance on fire risk was analyzed based on multi-source statistical data of 105 cities in China from 2016 to 2018. Specifically, data governance was first quantified with ten detailed indicators, which were then selected for explaining urban fire risk through correlation analysis. Next, the sample cities were clustered in terms of major socio-economic characteristics, and then the effects of data governance were examined by constructing multivariate regression models for each city cluster with ordinary least squares (OLS). The results showed that the constructed regression models produced good interpretation of fire risk in different types of cities, with coefficient of determination (R2) in each model exceeding 0.65. Among the indicators, the development of infrastructures (e.g. data collection devices and data analysis platforms), the level of data use, and the updating of fire risk related data were proved to produce significant effects on the reduction of fire frequency and fire consequence. Moreover, the organizational maturity of data governance was proved to be helpful in reducing fire frequency. For the cities with large population, the cross-department sharing of high-value data was found to be another important determinant of urban fire frequency. In comparison with existing statistical models which interpreted fire risk with general social factors (with the highest R2 = 0.60), these new regression models presented a better statistical performance (with the average R2 = 0.72). These findings are expected to provide decision support for the local governments of China and other jurisdictions to facilitate big data projects in improving fire risk management.
Ključne besede: urban fire risk, fire risk management, big data technologies, data governance, socio-economic factors, city-wide analysis
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.01.2024; Ogledov: 135; Prenosov: 26
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,20 MB)
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2.
Engineered combinatorial cell device for wound healing and bone regeneration
Lucija Kadunc, Duško Lainšček, Rok Gašperšič, Petra Sušjan, Uroš Kovačič, Miha Butinar, Boris Turk, Roman Jerala, Iva Hafner Bratkovič, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Growth factors are the key regulators that promote tissue regeneration and healing processes. While the effects of individual growth factors are well documented, a combination of multiple secreted growth factors underlies stem cell–mediated regeneration. To avoid the potential dangers and laborintensive individual approach of stem cell therapy while maintaining their regeneration-promoting effects based on multiple secreted growth factors, we engineered a “mix-and-match” combinatorial platform based on a library of cell lines producing growth factors. Treatment with a combination of growth factors secreted by engineered mammalian cells was more efficient than with individual growth factors or even stem cell–conditioned medium in a gap closure assay. Furthermore, we implemented in a mouse model a device for allogenic cell therapy for an in situ production of growth factors, where it improved cutaneous wound healing. Augmented bone regeneration was achieved on calvarial bone defects in rats treated with a cell device secreting IGF, FGF, PDGF, TGF-β, and VEGF. In both in vivo models, the systemic concentration of secreted factors was negligible, demonstrating the local effect of the regeneration device. Finally, we introduced a genetic switch that enables temporal control over combinations of trophic factors released at different stages of regeneration mimicking the maturation of natural wound healing to improve therapy and prevent scar formation.
Ključne besede: wound healing, bone regeneration, growth factors
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 01.06.2023; Ogledov: 458; Prenosov: 179
.pdf Celotno besedilo (2,59 MB)
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3.
Biological factors of the tumour response to electrochemotherapy : review of the evidence and a research roadmap
Gregor Serša, Katja Uršič Valentinuzzi, Maja Čemažar, Richard Heller, Maša Omerzel, Luca Giovanni Campana, 2021, pregledni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: The beneficial effects of electrochemotherapy (ECT) for superficial tumours and, more recently, deepseated malignancies in terms of local control and quality of life are widely accepted. However, the variability in responses across histotypes needs to be explored. Currently, patient selection for ECT is based on clinical factors (tumour size, histotype, and exposure to previous oncological treatments), whereas there are no biomarkers to predict the response to treatment. In this field, two major areas of investigation can be identified, i.e., tumour cell characteristics and the tumour microenvironment (vasculature, extracellular matrix, and immune infiltrate). For each of these areas, we describe the current knowledge and discuss how to foster further investigation. This review aims to provide a summary of the currently used guiding clinical factors and delineates a research roadmap for future studies to identify putative biomarkers of response to ECT. These biomarkers may allow researchers to improve ECT practice by customising treatment parameters, manipulating the tumour and its microenvironment, and exploring novel therapeutic combinations.
Ključne besede: biological factors, biomarkers, electrochemotherapy, bleomycin, cisplatin
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.09.2022; Ogledov: 502; Prenosov: 151
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,32 MB)

4.
Risk factors for systemic reactions in typical cold urticaria : results from the COLD-CE study
Mojca Bizjak, Mitja Košnik, Dejan Dinevski, Simon Francis Thomsen, Daria Fomina, Elena Borzova, Kanokvalai Kulthanan, Raisa Meshkova, Dalia Melina Ahsan, Mona Al-Ahmad, Jovan Miljković, Dorothea Terhorst, Marcus Maurer, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Background. Cold urticaria (ColdU), i.e. the occurrence of wheals or angioedema in response to cold exposure, is classified into typical and atypical forms. The diagnosis of typical ColdU relies on whealing in response to local cold stimulation testing (CST). It can also manifest with cold-induced anaphylaxis (ColdA). We aimed to determine risk factors for ColdA in typical ColdU. Methods. An international, cross-sectional study COLD-CE was carried out at 32 urticaria centers of reference and excellence (UCAREs). Detailed history was taken and CST with an ice cube and/or TempTest® performed. ColdA was defined as an acute cold-induced involvement of the skin and/or visible mucosal tissue and at least one of: cardiovascular manifestations, difficulty breathing, or gastrointestinal symptoms. Results. Of 551 ColdU patients, 75% (n=412) had a positive CST and ColdA occurred in 37% (n=151) of the latter. Cold-induced generalized wheals, angioedema, acral swelling, oropharyngeal/laryngeal symptoms, and itch of earlobes were identified as signs/symptoms of severe disease. ColdA was most commonly provoked by complete cold water immersion and ColdA caused by cold air was more common in countries with a warmer climate. Ten percent (n=40) of typical ColdU patients had a concomitant chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). They had a lower frequency of ColdA than those without CSU (4% vs 39%, p=0.003). We identified the following risk factors for cardiovascular manifestations: previous systemic reaction to a Hymenoptera sting, angioedema, oropharyngeal/laryngeal symptoms, and itchy earlobes. Conclusion. ColdA is common in typical ColdU. High-risk patients require education about their condition and how to use an adrenaline autoinjector.
Ključne besede: urticaria, risk factors, epinephrine - therapeutic use, self administration, intramuscular injections - methods, cold urticaria, systemic reactions, adrenaline autoinjector
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 31.08.2022; Ogledov: 484; Prenosov: 206
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5.
Post-harvest forest herb layer demography : general patterns are driven by pre-disturbance conditions
Janez Kermavnar, Klemen Eler, Aleksander Marinšek, Lado Kutnar, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Timber harvesting constitutes extensive anthropogenic disturbance in temperate forests, producing a broad range of ecological impacts that most often enhance the demographic processes of vegetation. This study monitored post-harvest herb layer demography over a 6-year period in mesic Dinaric fir-beech forests (Slovenia), a vascular plant diversity hotspot among European forests. Three experimental harvesting intensities, i.e. full harvest (FH), partial harvest (PH) and a control treatment (NH), were each applied over a circular area of 4000 m2 and replicated three times at each of three study sites. Vegetation sampling was conducted before harvesting (in 2012), and two (2014) and six (2018) years following it, in a 400 m2 circular plot positioned in the centre of each treatment area. We focused on identifying general demographic patterns and evaluating the effects of various pre-disturbance abiotic and biotic predictors on compositional responses to disturbance. Two years after harvest (2012-2014), compositional shifts were larger than those in the next 4-year period (2014-2018), confirming the general theoretical prediction that species turnover rate decreases along a successional gradient. The degree of compositional shifts in gaps (FH) and thinned stands (PH) was affected by local abiotic factors (geomorphology of karst sinkholes) and community attributes, such as pre-harvest species richness. Our results indicate that compositional stability is positively associated with pre-disturbance species richness. Over the whole study period, increases in plot-level species richness (alpha diversity) and overall enrichment of the species pool (gamma diversity) were accompanied by compositional convergence, i.e. a decline in floristic dissimilarity (beta diversity) between and within study sites. However, the observed tendency towards homogenization was rather weak and would have been even more pronounced if the demographic type of persistent resident species had not shown a high degree of resistance, thus leaving a strong imprint on post-harvest vegetation development by preserving the forest characteristics of the herb layer community.
Ključne besede: forest succession, demographic types, community assembly, pre-disturbance factors, floristic convergence, fir-beech forests
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.07.2022; Ogledov: 450; Prenosov: 282
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,91 MB)
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6.
Natural history of the hymenoptera venom sensitivity reactions in adults : study design
Simona Perčič, Lidija Bojanić, Mitja Košnik, Andreja Kukec, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Background: Allergic reactions to Hymenoptera stings can have varying levels of severity, according to the Müller grading system. Methods: By an epidemiological concept, this is a retrospective cohort study. The observed cohort was represented by patients referred to the University Clinic Golnik due to Hymenoptera allergic reaction in the period from 1997 to 2015. From the immunological database of the University Clinic Golnik, we obtained laboratory data (sIgE, skin tests and basophil activation test). The clinical characteristics of patients were obtained from BIRPIS. With the help of a questionnaire, which was sent to each patient in the period from May 2019 to April 2021, we obtained epidemiological data. For the assessment of the association between the severity of allergic reaction for the observed outcome, the severity of the first allergic reaction after Hymenoptera sting was used. Other variables were grouped according to risk factors. Discussion: We will identify the risk factors that could play an important role in a severe systemic reaction: the aetiology of the Hymenoptera sting, sex, age, history and severity of previous systemic reactions, being re-stung in an interval of two months, the frequency of re-stings, atopy, genetic predisposition, preventive medication use, other medication use, beekeeping or living next to beehives and why immunotherapy was not taken. Laboratory data will also be analysed to determine if there is any association with laboratory tests and the severity of the allergic reactions after Hymenoptera stings. Conclusions: Several new approaches are introduced in the study design. The most important is that the protocol covers epidemiological data gained from the questionnaire, as well as clinical data gained from the Immunological database and BIRPIS database. We expect to obtain significant results that will explain the risk factors for the natural history of Hymenoptera sting allergic reactions and will help allergologists, as well as general doctors, when facing those patients allergic to Hymenoptera venom without immunotherapy.
Ključne besede: hymenoptera venom allergy, risk factors, epidemiological association
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.04.2022; Ogledov: 779; Prenosov: 347
.pdf Celotno besedilo (786,63 KB)

7.
Climate change and disturbances will shape future temperate forests in the transition zone between Central and SE Europe
Lado Kutnar, Janez Kermavnar, Anže Martin Pintar, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: It is expected that climate change as well as abiotic and anthropogenic disturbances will strongly influence temperate forests. Besides changes in the main climate variables, various disturbance factors may significantly worsen conditions for mesic Slovenian forests (SE Europe) dominated by European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European silver fir (Abies alba). In Slovenia, the climate has warmed in recent decades, with an average annual rate of increase of about 0.4°C per decade or even more than 0.5°C per decade in summer. In addition, disturbances have caused considerable damage to trees in the most extensive forest types in Slovenia, starting with a widespread ice storm in 2014, followed by bark beetle outbreaks, windthrows and salvage logging interventions. After 2014, salvage logging increased from about one third to two thirds of the total annual felling. Over the last two decades, we have observed a decline in Norway spruce growing stock, with the highest rate of decrease in areas below 500 m a.s.l., and an increasing trend for European beech. Overall, the three dominant species (beech, spruce, silver fir), which together account for more than 70% of the total growing stock, have shown a declining trend over the last 20 years. The patterns observed are broadly consistent with earlier predictions developed for different climate change scenarios and with those reported in many other European countries. Adaptive forest management, which implements close-to-nature silviculture, has been traditionally practised in the region under study and has the potential to play an important role in reducing the risks associated with the impacts of climate change and disturbances in the future.
Ključne besede: climate warming, disturbance factors, ice storm, bark beetle outbreaks, spruce decline, salvage logging, tree species composition, temperate forest, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.01.2022; Ogledov: 703; Prenosov: 602
.pdf Celotno besedilo (2,55 MB)
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8.
Prevalence of and factors associated with healthcare-associated infections in Slovenian acute care hospitals : results of the third national survey
Irena Klavs, Mojca Serdt, Aleš Korošec, Tatjana Lejko-Zupanc, Blaž Pečavar, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Introduction. In the third Slovenian national healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) prevalence survey, conducted within the European point prevalence survey of HAIs and antimicrobial use in acute care hospitals, we estimated the prevalence of all types of HAIs and identified factors associated with them. Methods. Patients were enrolled into a one-day cross-sectional study in November 2017. Descriptive analyses were performed to describe the characteristics of patients, their exposure to invasive procedures and the prevalence of different types of HAIs. Univariate and multivariate analyses of association of having at least one HAI with possible risk factors were performed to identify risk factors. Results. Among 5,743 patients, 4.4% had at least one HAI and an additional 2.2% were still treated for HAIs on the day of the survey, with a prevalence of HAIs of 6.6%. The prevalence of pneumoniae was the highest (1.8%), followed by surgical site infections (1.5%) and urinary tract infections (1.2%). Prevalence of blood stream infections was 0.3%. In intensive care units (ICUs), the prevalence of patients with at least one HAI was 30.6%. Factors associated with HAIs included central vascular catheter (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.1; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 3.1–5.4), peripheral vascular catheter (aOR 3.0; 95% CI: 2.3–3.9), urinary catheter (aOR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.4–2.3). Conclusions. The prevalence of HAIs in Slovenian acute care hospitals in 2017 was substantial, especially in ICUs. HAIs prevention and control is an important public health priority. National surveillance of HAIs in ICUs should be developed to support evidence-based prevention and control.
Ključne besede: healthcare-associated infections, prevalence, survey, risk factors, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 16.10.2020; Ogledov: 2282; Prenosov: 858
.pdf Celotno besedilo (255,15 KB)
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9.
Transcription factors gene expression in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps
Tanja Soklič, Matija Rijavec, Mira Šilar, Ana Koren, Izidor Kern, Irena Hočevar-Boltežar, Peter Korošec, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Background. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) current therapeutic approaches still fail in some patients with severe persistent symptoms and recurrences after surgery. We aimed to evaluate the master transcription factors gene expression levels of T cell subtypes in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) that could represent new, up-stream targets for topical DNAzyme treatment. Patients and methods. Twenty-two newly diagnosed CRS patients (14 CRSwNP and 8 CRSsNP) were prospectively biopsied and examined histopathologically. Gene expression levels of T-box transcription factor (T-bet, TBX21), GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3), Retinoic acid-related orphan receptor C (RORC) and Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results. Eosinophilic CRSwNP was characterized by higher level of GATA3 gene expression compared to noneosinophilic CRSwNP, whereas there was no difference in T-bet, RORC and FOXP3 between eosinophilic and noneosinophilic CRSwNP. In CRSsNP, we found simultaneous upregulation of T-bet, GATA3 and RORC gene expression levels in comparison to CRSwNP; meanwhile, there was no difference in FOXP3 gene expression between CRSwNP and CRSsNP. Conclusions. In eosinophilic CRSwNP, we confirmed the type 2 inflammation by elevated GATA3 gene expression level. In CRSsNP, we unexpectedly found simultaneous upregulation of T-bet and GATA3 that is currently unexplained; however, it might originate from activated CD8+ cells, abundant in nasal mucosa of CRSsNP patients. The elevated RORC in CRSsNP could be part of homeostatic nasal immune response that might be better preserved in CRSsNP patients compared to CRSwNP patients. Further data on transcription factors expression rates in CRS phenotypes are needed.
Ključne besede: sinusitis, nasal polyps, Th1 cells, Th2 cells, Th17 cells, transcription factors, chronic rhinosinusitis
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.10.2020; Ogledov: 1437; Prenosov: 799
.pdf Celotno besedilo (698,54 KB)
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