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Povzetek: Despite extensive research on microplastic pollution, combined biological effects of microplastics and associated pollutants on marine invertebrates remain unclear. We present an integrative assessment of polypropylene (PP) and pyrene, individually and in co-exposure, in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels were exposed to 1 mg L−1 PP (~40 μm) and 50 μg L−1 of pyrene for 7 and 14 days, representing a scenario relevant to highly polluted coastal areas. DNA damage increased significantly in mussels exposed to pyrene or PP alone, but remained at control levels under combined exposure, suggesting an interaction that may reduce genotoxic potential. Lipid peroxidation remained stable across treatments, despite significant changes in antioxidant enzymes. Catalase activity increased in pyrene and pyrene + PP treatments, with tissue-specific trends, indicating enhanced antioxidant protection. Glutathione S-transferase activity was stable in digestive glands but significantly inhibited in gills after seven days under PP exposure. ETS activity increased in pyrene-containing treatments after 14 days, reflecting elevated metabolic demand after prolonged exposure. Respiration rate declined under PP exposure. Heart rate recovery time after the hyposalinity test was the slowest in the pyrene + PP group, indicating compromised physiological resilience. These findings reveal interactive, tissue- and biomarker-specific effects of PP and pyrene. Their combination suggested attenuation of genotoxicity but enhanced physiological stress responses, highlighting the complexity of pollutant interactions and importance of evaluating multiple biomarkers, tissues and pollutants. Presented data provide the first ever biomarker-based evaluation of PP and pyrene co-exposure, offering novel insights into microplastic-pollutant interactions and potential ecological consequences for marine invertebrates.
Ključne besede: mussels, microplastics, PAHs, multi-biomarker approach, co-exposure
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.12.2025; Ogledov: 842; Prenosov: 156
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Povzetek: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high-production-volume industrial chemical and component of commonly used plastic products. However, it is also an endocrine-disrupting chemical that can negatively affect human health. It is not yet known whether it is associated with the development of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), a severe and highly fatal human disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of BPA in the urine of women with EOC or epithelial borderline ovarian tumors (EBOTs) using gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and find their possible associations with kidney function at the molecular level, urine and blood biochemical parameters related to metabolism, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) (a marker of ovarian reserve/fertility), and lifestyle habits determined via a questionnaire in comparison to healthy controls. The results suggest that the unadjusted or urine-specific-gravity-adjusted BPA levels were significantly increased in women with EOC/EBOT. The unadjusted BPA was significantly positively associated with urinary creatinine (p = 0.007) in all women with EOC/EBOT after adjustment for age, body mass index, and pregnancy using multiple linear regression analysis. This may be related to kidney injury. However, no association was found between urinary BPA and serum AMH levels in women. Women with ovarian malignancies were more exposed to plastic products for storing foods and drinks. Some lifestyle habits, including refilling plastic bottles, correlate with higher urinary BPA levels across the entire cohort of women. When considering EOC or EBOT, it is necessary to consider the potential higher exposure of women to BPA, as reflected in their urine and lifestyle habits.
Ključne besede: anti-Müllerian hormone, kidney function, lifestyle habits, ovarian cancer, thrombocytes, urine, female exposure
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.12.2025; Ogledov: 904; Prenosov: 150
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Povzetek: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), includingknown and unknown parent compounds, their metabolites, andtransformation products, are pervasive in daily life, posingincreasing risks to human health and the environment. Thisstudy employed a high-resolution mass spectrometry-basednontargeted screening approach, integrating polar (HILIC) andreversed-phase separations to expand the chemical space coverageand, supported by open-science tools and resources, evaluatedurinary chemical profiles to assess internal EDC exposure. Among106 annotated biomarkers of exposure, six exhibited significantlyhigher normalized intensities in patients with ovarian malignanciescompared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). This suggests theirgreater exposure to phthalates (diethylhexyl phthalate and diethylphthalate), pesticides (metolachlor metabolite and 4-nitrophenol), a UV filter (benzophenone-1), and an industrial byproduct (4-methyl-2-nitrophenol). These compounds may interfere with hormonal regulation, potentially contributing to cancer development.While these findings highlight potential differences in internal EDC exposure, the study primarily demonstrates the applicability ofnontargeted urinary profiling for chemical exposure assessment. By providing new insights into EDCs burden and its pathologicalimplications, this work contributes to advancing next-generation chemical risk assessment within the European Partnership for theAssessment of Risks from Chemicals initiative and supports the development of preventive strategies to mitigate environmentalcancer risks
Ključne besede: ovarian cancer, biomarkers, exposure, nontargeted screening, high-resolution mass spectrometry, analytical coverage, reversed-phase, HILIC
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.12.2025; Ogledov: 449; Prenosov: 169
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Povzetek: Children’s lead exposure in three mining-impacted residential areas (Črna, Mežica and Žerjav) was modelled using the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (IEUBK). Site-specific environmental and dietary Pb source values were determined for modelling. For the first time, dietary exposure from both market and local foods was studied in detail. Children (Group 1: 24–36 and Group 2: 36–48 months) geometric mean blood lead levels (BLLs) were predicted and lead uptake from multiple sources was quantified according to the different dietary exposure scenarios. Biomonitoring data were used for validation. Site-specific soil, house dust and local food Pb contents are higher than legislative and background levels, remaining a cause for concern. Drinking tap water concentrations and outdoor air contents were found in acceptable levels. The determined dietary exposures, ranging from 0.7 to 3.3 µg/kg bw/day, were above the benchmark dose level of 0.5 µg/kg bw/day for developmental neurotoxicity set for Pb in children, indicating a health concern. In general, the estimated BLLs matched reasonably well with the observed BLLs in the Črna and Mežica area for both age groups and in the Žerjav area for Group 2. For Group 1, in the Žerjav area, the output of the IEUBK model overestimated the actual BLLs of the children. For both groups, the primary exposure pathway in Žerjav is from soil/dust, ranging from 55.3 to 84.8%. In Črna and Mežica, soil/dust exposure ranged between 24.2 and 57.8% and between 26.4 and 61.7%, respectively, indicating that dietary exposure predominates when local foods are included. The results of our study also suggest that using the IEUBK default diet value would reduce the dietary exposure up to 25.2% in Črna, 24.2% in Mežica and 8.6% in Žerjav. One of the main findings is that a diet containing local foods can be an important source of lead in mining-contaminated areas.
Ključne besede: IEUBK model, blood lead level, soil, house dust, dietary exposure, risk assessment
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.09.2025; Ogledov: 522; Prenosov: 168
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Povzetek: One of the key tasks in ensuring national security is the ability of the state and society to recognise and effectively assess the conditions for disasters, and to prevent them from threatening the sustainable development of the country. The Kyrgyz Republic is highly vulnerable to the influence of climate change, which in turn affects the frequency and intensity of disasters. The Kyrgyz Republic is exposed to almost all types of geological and man-made hazards, including earthquakes, landslides, debris flows, flash floods, outbursts of mountain lakes, dam failures, avalanches, droughts, extreme temperature, epidemics and releases of hazardous substances. Analysis of information on existing risks and their control systems used to reduce their negative impact makes it possible to assess the degree of probability, the expected consequences of threats, determine the degree of risk, the adaptive potential of communities and select appropriate protective measures. Therefore, this study is conducted to assess the hazard, vulnerability and exposure of Suzak district (Jalal-Abad oblast) in order to quantify the risk of the study area using multi-parameter holistic assessment with field collecting of primary data and utilizing Index-based Risk Assessment approach based on applying INFORM Risk model. Collected data was used to downscale subnational INFORM Risk model for municipal and district level using a multi-layered structure. A risk score is calculated by combining 72 indicators that measure three main dimensions: hazard & exposure, vulnerability, and lack of coping capacity. These findings provide an opportunity to develop a more effective disaster risk management at the local and national levels, by prioritizing relevant actions and investments for municipalities – districts which are demonstrated relatively highest risk scores. Also, the possibility of applying localized risk assessment procedures provides an opportunity to obtain more accurate sub-national (district/oblast based) and national levels with effective assessing dynamics of risk.
Ključne besede: natural hazard, risk, exposure, vulnerability, disaster risk reduction, disaster risk management, Suzak district
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.05.2025; Ogledov: 690; Prenosov: 249
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