1. The role of healthy built environments in frailty prevention : a review of systematic reviewsAnja Jutraž, Vesna Hrženjak, Katja Benčin, Nina Pirnat, Branko Gabrovec, 2026, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Frailty represents a significant challenge for aging populations, as population age and the prevalence of functional decline, chronic conditions, and complex health needs increase. This study examines the role of the built environment in the prevention and management of pre-frailty and frailty, with the aim of identifying and synthesizing evidence on environmental elements that influence physical, mental, and social health. The review also explores different interventions and planning approaches that may help reduce the risk of frailty or delay its onset. This study used an umbrella review approach based on existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses focusing on adults aged 45 years and older. Eligible reviews focused on built environment characteristics in relation to frailty, healthy aging, or related health outcomes; reviews of institutionalized populations or those without relevant built-environment or health outcomes were excluded. PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane Library, and COBISS were searched, with final searches conducted on 1–2 July 2025. Methodological quality was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist, and findings were synthesized narratively. A total of 26 reviews were included. The findings suggest that built environments that support and promote physical activity, social interaction, accessibility of services, and community engagement are consistently associated with a lower risk of (pre-)frailty and improved quality of life. In particular, high-quality green and blue spaces, safe and walkable neighborhoods with good connectivity, and accessible housing play an important role in maintaining functional independence. Furthermore, the review highlights the importance of subjective perceptions of safety, social cohesion, and neighborhood quality. The evidence is limited by methodological heterogeneity and by the frequent use of indirect frailty-related outcomes. These results provide a basis for the development of evidence-informed recommendations, planning guidelines, and spatial measures to support active and healthy aging in the community. The review was co-financed by the European Union and by the Republic of Slovenia’s State Budget under the European Cohesion Policy Programme 2021–2027 in Slovenia. The review was not registered.
Ključne besede: frailty, pre-frailty, built environment interventions, physical health, social health, mental health, planning approaches
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 10.09.2026; Ogledov: 66; Prenosov: 35
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2. Rethinking common gardens for forest tree species in the face of climate changeMarjana Westergren, Kathrin Streit, Marcela van Loo, Ricardo Alía, Santiago C. González-Martínez, Marta Benito Garzón, Francisco J. Lario Leza, José M. Climent Maldonado, Georgeta Mihai, Tor Myking, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Key message Maintaining forest resilience under climate change depends on understanding genetic adaptation and preserving diversity. Long-term common garden networks are essential for revealing how species and populations perform across life stages and environments. When strategically designed and deployed across diverse sites, including suboptimal ones, these networks provide critical empirical insights into adaptive capacity of forest tree species under future climate conditions.
Ključne besede: trial network, multi-environment, experimental design, provenance, climate change adaptation, forests
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.09.2026; Ogledov: 36; Prenosov: 30
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3. Physical activity is associated with higher retinal microvascular density in uveal melanoma and nevusTheresa Walz, Freerk T. Baumann, Katharina Leuchte, Damir Zubac, Philomena Wawer Matos Reimer, Konrad R. Koch, Michael Mendes Wefelnberg, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background/Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of physical activity on retinal microvascularization in patients with uveal melanoma (UM) and nevus. In addition, vascular differences between tumor and nevus patients as well as the interaction effect of physical activity (PA) and group on retinal microvascular density (MVD) were analyzed. Methods: This cross-sectional, observational clinical study was conducted at the outpatient ophthalmic oncology department at the Center for Integrated Oncology of the University Hospital Cologne (between April 2024 and July 2025). Patients with confirmed uveal melanoma or choroidal nevus were enrolled. Physical activity and retinal MVD via optical coherence tomography angiography were assessed. In addition, regression analyses were performed. Results: A total of 42 participants were enrolled with a mean age of 56.14 (±13.48) years (nevus) and 63.45 (±13.76) years (UM). UM eyes (N = 20) demonstrated significantly reduced MVD in both the superficial and deep layer compared to Nevus (N = 22, all p < 0.001, η2 = 0.155–0.190), whileUMeyes showed greater mean vessel length (B = 5.54, p = 0.009, η2 = 0.104). Physical activity was positively associated with MVD in the superficial layer, including vessel area density (B = 1.07, p = 0.022, η2 = 0.133) and vessel length density (B = 0.28, p = 0.028, η2 = 0.119), independent of group. No significant associations were found in the deep layer and no interaction effects between group and PA were detected. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that habitual PA is positively associated with retinal MVD in the superficial layer, independent of diagnostic group, and may partially counteract tumor-induced as well as treatment-related microvascular disruption. As a low-risk and accessible intervention, PA holds promise as a supportive strategy in the oncological management of UM.
Ključne besede: electrochemotherapy, bleomycin, immunotherapy, murine models, physical activity, uveal melanoma, optical coherence tomography angiography, tumor micro-environment, microvascular density
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.09.2026; Ogledov: 140; Prenosov: 76
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4. On polluted bootstrap percolation in Cartesian gridsBoštjan Brešar, Jaka Hedžet, Michael A. Henning, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Given a graph $G$ and assuming that some vertices of $G$ are infected, the $r$-neighbor bootstrap percolation rule makes an uninfected vertex $v$ infected if $v$ has at least $r$ infected neighbors. The $r$-percolation number of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a set of initially infected vertices in $G$ such that after continuously performing the $r$-neighbor bootstrap percolation rule each vertex of $G$ eventually becomes infected. In this paper, we continue the study of polluted bootstrap percolation introduced and studied by Gravner and McDonald [J. Stat Physics 87 (1997) 915-927] where in this variant some vertices are permanently in the non-infected state. We study an extremal (combinatorial) version of the bootstrap percolation problem in a polluted environment, where our main focus is on the class of grid graphs, that is, the Cartesian product $P_m \Box P_n$ of two paths $P_m$ and $P_n$ on $m$ and $n$ vertices, respectively. Given a number of polluted vertices in a Cartesian grid we establish a closed formula for the minimum $2$-neighbor bootstrap percolation number of the polluted grid, and obtain a lower bound for the other extreme.
Ključne besede: bootstrap percolation, grid, polluted environment, vertex deleted subgraph
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.08.2026; Ogledov: 209; Prenosov: 128
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6. Skeletal Abnormalities in Four Fish Species Collected from the Sea of Marmara, TurkeyLaith Jawad, Murat Şirin, Miloslav Petrtýl, Ahmet Öktener, Murat Çelik, Audai Qasim, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Skeletal anomalies such as ankylosis (fusion of vertebrae), lordosis (ventral curvature), kyphosis (dorsal curvature) and pugheadedness have been studied in many fish species, both cultured and wild populations. Specimens of Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758), Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus 1758, Serranus hepatus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758) were collected from the Sea of Marmara (Turkey) and used in this study. Deformities of the vertebral column were located in both thoracic and caudal vertebrae. In the cases of pugheadedness two different levels of severity were observed: secondary level (slight deformation) and tertiary level (severe deformation). The S. hepatus specimen displayed the severest level of deformity among the cases studied, ankylosis as well as pugheadedness. All cases were non-fatal as they occurred in adult individuals.
Ključne besede: Vertebral deformity, ankylosis, lordosis, kyphosis, pollution, environment
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 31.07.2026; Ogledov: 160; Prenosov: 95
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7. A coupled multi-electrode array sensor for monitoring galvanic corrosion between copper and steelKlara Kregar, Miha Hren, Aleš Nagode, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The advanced coupled multi-electrode array (CMEA) technique provides spatiotemporal insights into electrochemical processes. This study used the CMEA technique to monitor the distribution of anodic and cathodic activity during galvanic interactions between copper and steel. An important parameter influencing the intensity of galvanic corrosion is the anode-to-cathode area ratio, which was also investigated. After exposure, corrosion products were analyzed using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, and the extent of actual corrosion damage was evaluated using µ-CT. In the CMEA sensor with a Cu:CS ratio of 24:1, the corrosion rate of the CS electrode was estimated at 0.86 mm year−1 . For the area ratio of Cu:CS 22:3, a lower corrosion rate of 0.56 mm year−1 was observed for the CS electrodes. The influence of the reduction process on copper electrodes and the intensity of galvanic corrosion is demonstrated. The main corrosion products on the CS electrodes were goethite, lepidocrocite, and akaganeite, indicating a corrosion process involving oxygen. The copper electrodes acted as cathodes, but some individual Cu electrodes also exhibited anodic activity. This suggests simultaneous anodic and cathodic activity, and the anodic activity was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, which detected the presence of Cu2O. Cu2S was also detected, indicating corrosion processes involving bisulfide ions.
Ključne besede: carbon steel, copper, galvanic corrosion, coupled multi-electrode arrays (CMEA), oxic environment
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 31.07.2026; Ogledov: 242; Prenosov: 205
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8. Students’ and Teachers’ Perceptions of Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning in Montenegrin Higher Education during the Covid-19 PandemicDijana Vučković, Marijan Premović, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: This paper presents the results of the research carried out to determine the perceptions of students (N=377) and professors (N=69) in higher education institutions in Montenegro of remoted teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire was used to collect data on: a. perception of basic characteristics of delivered teaching and learning, and b. difficulties encountered by the respondents, as well as their preferences toward face-to-face or online teaching. The survey results show that the respondents’ perceptions of characteristics of delivered teaching and learning tend to be positive, with almost all the scores equal to the mean scale value (3) or higher. The students’ concentration during teaching received the lowest score. The respondents pointed to a number of issues (technical, psychological, communication, organisational, etc.) they faced, but also the benefits they noted during the teaching and learning in the digital environment.
Ključne besede: Academic Staff, Digital Learning Environment, Emergency Remote Education, Face-to-face teaching, Online teaching, Student
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.07.2026; Ogledov: 249; Prenosov: 178
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9. Dataset for the article "A coupled multi-electrode array sensor for monitoring galvanic corrosion between copper and steel"Klara Kregar, 2026, raziskovalni podatki Povzetek: This dataset supports the tables and figures in the article “A coupled multi-electrode array sensor for monitoring galvanic corrosion between copper and steel” (doi: https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ae89ec). The dataset contains experimental data for the CMEA-CS-1 and CMEA-CS-3 sensors exposed to bentonite in an oxic environment. CMEA-CS-1 was measured over 186 days of exposure and CMEA-CS-3 was measured for 176 days of exposure. After exposure, surface characterization was performed, and the dataset includes FE-SEM analysis and images, SEM analysis and images, Raman spectra and images, and micro-CT data.
Ključne besede: copper, carbon steel, bentonite, galvanic corrosion, coupled multi-electrode array, oxic environment, surface characterization
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 30.06.2026; Ogledov: 279; Prenosov: 296
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10. Joint modeling of grain yield and root lodging in maize using multi-output neural network and machine learning models under defined environmental conditionsDušan Dunđerski, Božana Purar, Anja Đurić, Maja Tanasković, Dušan Stanisavljević, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: We evaluated a multi-output neural network framework for jointly analyzing maize grain yield (GY) and root lodging percentage (LP) using above-ground morphological traits measured under defined environmental conditions. To address model robustness, the multi-output neural network was compared with linear regression, elastic net, random forest, and XGBoost using repeated five-fold cross-validation, an 80/20 holdout split, and independent year-wise validation. Under repeated cross-validation, XGBoost provided the strongest average predictive performance for both traits, with R2 values of 0.57 for GY and 0.67 for LP. The multi-output neural network showed moderate performance, with R2 values of 0.49 for GY and 0.57 for LP. Final holdout performance for the neural network for GY and LP was R2 = 0.64 and R2 = 0.92, respectively. Year-wise validation showed weak temporal transferability because the two seasons differed not only in environmental conditions, but also in lodging mechanism. Repeated permutation importance identified ear width (EW), kernel row number (RNE), thousand kernel mass (KM1000), and kernel number per ear (KNE) as important predictors of GY, while LP prediction was most strongly associated with internode major diameter (IDmajor), ear length (EL), and the number of green leaves (NGL). Across both permutation importance and SHAP, only RNE and NGL were consistently shared between GY and LP. Supplementary ALE diagnostics indicated that RNE showed increasing model-estimated effects for both predicted GY and LP, whereas NGL showed a positive association with predicted GY but a decreasing or nonlinear association with predicted LP. These results show that joint modeling can support exploratory trait interpretation, but the predictive relationships remain environment-specific and should not be interpreted as causal or broadly transferable without further multi-environment validation.
Ključne besede: machine learning, grain yield, lodging, maize, permutation feature importance, joint modeling, environment
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.06.2026; Ogledov: 297; Prenosov: 229
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