1. Aerosol-deposition-derived graphite thick films for electrochemical sensorsMatej Šadl, Barbara Repič, Ivana Goričan, Danjela Kuščer, Hana Uršič Nemevšek, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: graphite electrodes, electrochemical sensors, electrochemical detection, aerosol deposition, room-temperature process, polyimide foil
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.06.2026; Ogledov: 7; Prenosov: 14
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2. Worldwide tests of generic attractants, a promising tool for early detection of non-native cerambycid speciesAlain Roques, Lili Ren, Davide Rassati, Juan Shi, Evgueni Akulov, Neil Audsley, Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg, Dimitrios N. Avtzis, Andrea Battisti, Richard Bellanger, Natalia I. Kirichenko, Alenka Žunič Kosi, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: A large proportion of the insects which have invaded new regions and countries are emerging species, being found for the first time outside their native range. Being able to detect such species upon arrival at ports of entry before they establish in non-native countries is an urgent challenge. The deployment of traps baited with broad-spectrum semiochemical lures at ports-of-entry and other high-risk sites could be one such early detection tool. Rapid progress in the identification of semiochemicals for cerambycid beetles during the last 15 years has revealed that aggregation-sex pheromones and sex pheromones are often conserved at global levels for genera, tribes or subfamilies of the Cerambycidae. This possibly allows the development of generic attractants which attract multiple species simultaneously, especially when such pheromones are combined into blends. Here, we present the results of a worldwide field trial programme conducted during 2018–2021, using traps baited with a standardised 8-pheromone blend, usually complemented with plant volatiles. A total of 1308 traps were deployed at 302 sites covering simultaneously or sequentially 13 European countries, 10 Chinese provinces and some regions of the USA, Canada, Australia, Russia (Siberia) and the Caribbean (Martinique). We intended to test the following hypotheses: 1) if a species is regularly trapped in significant numbers by the blend on a continent, it increases the probability that it can be detected when it arrives in other countries/continents and 2) if the blend exerts an effective, generic attraction to multiple species, it is likely that previously unknown and unexpected species can be captured due to the high degree of conservation of pheromone structures within related taxa. A total of 78,321 longhorned beetles were trapped, representing 376 species from eight subfamilies, with 84 species captured in numbers greater than 50 individuals. Captures comprised 60 tribes, with 10 tribes including more than nine species trapped on different continents. Some invasive species were captured in both the native and invaded continents. This demonstrates the potential of multipheromone lures as effective tools for the detection of ‘unexpected’ cerambycid invaders, accidentally translocated outside their native ranges. Adding new pheromones with analogous well-conserved motifs is discussed, as well as the limitations of using such blends, especially for some cerambycid taxa which may be more attracted by the trap colour or other characteristics rather than to the chemical blend.
Ključne besede: Cerambycidae, early detection, Holarctic, invasion, multi-pheromone blend, pheromone trapping
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.06.2026; Ogledov: 97; Prenosov: 70
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3. Insights into the immunological description of cryoglobulins with regard to detection and characterization in Slovenian rheumatological patientsManca Ogrič, Tinka Švec, Katjuša Mrak Poljšak, Katja Lakota, Eva Podovšovnik, Marie Nathalie Kolopp-Sarda, Alojzija Hočevar, Saša Čučnik, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The detection of cryoglobulins (CG) used to diagnose cryoglobulemic vasculitis requires strict adherence to protocol, with emphasis on the preanalytical part. Our main objectives were to introduce a more sensitive and specific protocol for the detection of CG and to characterize CG in Slovenian patients diagnosed with cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, other vasculitides, connective tissue diseases or non-rheumatic diseases examined at the Department of Rheumatology (University Medical Centre Ljubljana). Samples were routinely analyzed for the presence of CG with the protocol using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. In the newly introduced protocol, the type of CG was determined by immunofixation on visually observed positive samples, and the concentration of CG in the cryoprecipitate and rheumatoid factor (RF) activity were measured by nephelometry. RF, C3c and C4 were measured in the patients` serum, and decision tree analysis was performed using all results. The agreement between negative and positive results between the two protocols was 86%. Of the 258 patient samples tested, we found 56 patients (21.7%) with positive CG (37.5% - type II, 62.5% - type III). The RF activity was observed in 21.4% of CG positive subjects. The median concentration of type II CG was significantly higher than that of type III CG (67.4 mg/L vs. 45.0 mg/L, p=0.037). Patients with type II had lower C4 concentrations and higher RF activity compared to patients with type III CG. In the decision tree, C4 was the strongest predictor of cryoglobulinemia in patients. With the newly implemented protocol, we were able to improve the detection and quantification of CG in the samples of our rheumatology patients and report the results to adequately support clinicians.
Ključne besede: cryoglobulins, cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, rheumatoid factor activity, complement components, cryoglobulin detection, pre-analytical phase
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.06.2026; Ogledov: 113; Prenosov: 40
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5. Method development and production of an ambient-stable blood certified reference material for total mercury, methylmercury, and trace elementsKoichi Haraguchi, Mineshi Sakamoto, Hiromitsu Nagasaka, Milena Horvat, Ermira Begu, Polona Klemenčič, Adna Alilović Osolin, Masaaki Nakamura, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background. Certified reference materials (CRMs) for mercury speciation of biological fluids have hitherto been limited to frozen or cold-storage types, which impedes the participation of laboratories in tropical or remote regions. Existing CRMs often do not fully meet user needs, particularly regarding storage stability and concentration relevance. Results. Using pooled Japanese human blood, we developed a freeze-dried, ambient-stable blood CRM, with certified values of 6.16 μg L−1 for total mercury (THg) and 5.46 μg L−1 for methylmercury (MeHg, as Hg). These concentrations are congruent with median exposure levels in fish-consuming populations (e.g., small island states and riverine Amazonian communities) derived from global biomonitoring data. Homogeneity, stability, and traceability were validated through inter-laboratory comparisons and rigorous uncertainty assessment. Significance. This ambient-stable blood CRM broadens global access to high-quality QA/QC of mercury speciation, especially in regions lacking cold-chain infrastructure. It contributes to capacity building under the Minamata Convention and strengthens interlaboratory comparability. Registration in COMAR and international collaborative deployment are under active development, enhancing the global infrastructure for mercury biomonitoring.
Ključne besede: passive monitoring, methylmercury, blood samples, mercury detection, human biomonitoring, trace elements
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 04.05.2026; Ogledov: 190; Prenosov: 176
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6. Sustainable mercury monitoring using graphitic carbon nitride as a 2D binding layer in diffusive gradient thin filmsDmitrii Deev, Raghuraj S. Chouhan, Igor Živković, Ermira Begu, Ana Drinčić, Francisco Ruiz-Zepeda, Andraž Krajnc, Ivan Jerman, Roman Viter, Aleš Lapanje, Milena Horvat, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic and persistent environmental pollutant whose accurate monitoring remains challenging due to limitations in existing diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) binding materials, including insufficient selectivity, complex synthesis, and sustainability concerns. In this study, we report the first application of graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) nanosheets as a metal-free and sustainable binding material for Hg²⁺ monitoring in DGT systems, addressing key limitations of current approaches. Few-layer GCN nanosheets were synthesized via thermal polymerization followed by protonation-assisted exfoliation and comprehensively characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These analyses confirmed the formation of a structurally stable, nitrogen-rich framework with abundant coordination sites. The GCN–agarose (AG–GCN) composite binding layer demonstrated high mercury binding efficiency (>90%) at environmentally relevant concentrations (2.5–10 ng/mL) and near-neutral pH, attributed to strong coordination between Hg²⁺ ions and electron-donating nitrogen sites within the heptazine structure. Compared to conventional DGT binding phases, the proposed system offers enhanced sustainability, metal-free composition, and strong affinity toward mercury, highlighting its potential for next-generation passive environmental monitoring and advanced nanomaterial-based sensing platforms.
Ključne besede: passive monitoring, graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets, adsorbent, mercury detection, nanosheets
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 04.05.2026; Ogledov: 226; Prenosov: 159
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7. Fake news detection through LLM-driven text augmentation across media and languagesAbdul Sittar, Mateja Smiljanić, Alenka Guček, Marko Grobelnik, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The proliferation of fake news across social media, headlines, and news articles poses major challenges for automated detection, particularly in multilingual and cross-media settings affected by data imbalance. We propose a fake news detection framework based on LLM-driven, feature-guided text augmentation. The method generates realistic synthetic samples across languages, media types, and text granularities while preserving mean ing and stylistic coherence. Experiments with classical and transformer-based models (Random Forest, Logistic Regression, BERT, XLM-R) across social media, headlines, and multilingual news datasets show consistent improvements in performance. For inherently balanced datasets (e.g., social media), synthetic augmentation yields negligible but stable performance changes. Across imbalanced scenarios, synthetic augmentation substantially improves minority-class recall and F1-score (e.g., fake news recall from 0.57 to 0.86), while preserving majority-class performance, leading to more balanced and reliable classifiers, whereas oversampling significantly degrades results due to overfitting on duplicated language patterns. Overall, a hybrid semantic- and style-based model proves to be the most robust strategy, outperforming oversampling and matching or exceeding baseline performance across datasets
Ključne besede: fake news detection, low-resource languages, data imbalance, synthetic data generation, prompt engineering, style-based features, semantic features
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 28.04.2026; Ogledov: 240; Prenosov: 156
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8. Comprehensive molecular characterization of craniopharyngiomas using whole transcriptome and spatial transcriptomics approachesŠpela Kert, Alenka Matjašič, Jože Pižem, Jernej Mlakar, Matic Bošnjak, Miha Jerala, Primož Kotnik, Barbara Faganel Kotnik, Lidija Kitanovski, Andrej Zupan, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare benign brain tumors that are classified as WHO grade I, with two subtypes: adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) and papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP). ACP is caused by somatic mutations in exon 3 of the CTNNB1 gene activating the Wnt signaling pathway. PCP is associated with somatic BRAF p.V600E mutations activating the MAPK signaling pathway. Understanding their molecular differences is crucial for diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to analyze common somatic alterations in ACP and PCP using bulk transcriptome sequencing and in situ spatial transcriptomics. RNA sequencing and high-resolution spatial profiling were used to detect mutations and examine gene expression differences among ACP, PCP, and healthy pituitary tissue. Whole transcriptome sequencing was performed on 24 tumor samples, with healthy pituitary data from the GTEx portal. Bioinformatics analysis utilized the CTAT mutation pipeline, with Sanger sequencing for validation. Results confirmed BRAF p.V600E mutations in all PCP samples and CTNNB1 mutations in all ACP samples. Differential gene expression analysis highlighted distinct molecular profiles and reinforced the involvement of Wnt and MAPK signaling. Spatial profiling identified 41 differentially expressed genes between ACP and PCP. This study provides critical insights into CP biology, supporting improved diagnostics and potential therapeutic strategies.
Ključne besede: craniopharyngioma, differential gene expression, in situ spatial profiling, somatic mutation detection, transcriptional analysis
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 10.04.2026; Ogledov: 180; Prenosov: 117
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9. Machine learning-based detection of cognitive impairment from eye-tracking in smooth pursuit tasksVida Groznik, Andrea De Gobbis, Dejan Georgiev, Aleš Semeja, Aleksander Sadikov, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: machine learning, eye-tracking, smooth pursuit, non-invasive biomarker, cognitive impairment, early detection of cognitive decline, detection of mild cognitive impairment, dementia, Alzheimer's disease
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.04.2026; Ogledov: 183; Prenosov: 125
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10. Fire detection times in rooftop PV systems : research data in a scientific paper, Early detection of PV fires on roofs using linear heat detectorsNik Rus, Martin Košiček, Andrea Jurov, Kirils Simakovs, Grunde Jomaas, 2026, zaključena znanstvena zbirka raziskovalnih podatkov Povzetek: Dataset for the article Early detection of PV fires on roofs using linear heat detectors (doi will be made available upon article publication).
Dataset represents detection times measured by linear heat detector (LHD) cables in four experiments. The experiments represented roof segments equipped with photovoltaic (PV) modules that were during the experiments exposed to various ignition sources which lead to fire spreading across the surface of the roof.
Ključne besede: fire safety, PV systems, roof fire, detection system, linear heat detection
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 30.03.2026; Ogledov: 269; Prenosov: 192
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