Iskanje po repozitoriju

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Povzetek: This article examines the historical development and terminology of Latvian infant amusement verses within an international framework. The author traces the evolution of the genre through preserved materials and offers comparative insights into similar traditions in other European countries. The article then focuses on instances of violence and other controversial motifs that appear in such verses, offering a critical perspective on their reception in both historical and contemporary contexts.
Ključne besede: infant amusement verses, nursery rhymes, violence in folklore, physical punishment, children, Latvia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.01.2026; Ogledov: 187; Prenosov: 85
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Povzetek: The usage of a tabletbased languageindependent selftest involving the recognition of ecological sounds in background noise, the Sound Ear Check, was investigated. The results of 692 children, aged between 5 and 9 years and 4 months, recruited in seven diferent countries, were used to analyze the validity and the cultural independence of test. Three diferent test procedures, namely a monaural adaptive procedure, a procedure presenting the sounds dichotically in diotic noise, and a procedure presenting all the sounds with a fxed signaltonoise ratio and a stopping rule were studied. Results showed high sensitivity and specifcity of all three procedures to detect conductive, sensorineural and mixed hearing loss> 30 dB HL. Additionally, the data collected from diferent countries were consistent, and there were no clinically relevant diferences observed between countries. Therefore, the Sound Ear Check can ofer an international hearing screening test for young children at school entry, solving the current lack of hearing screening services on a global scale.
Ključne besede: hearing loss, children, Sound Ear Check
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 15.01.2026; Ogledov: 200; Prenosov: 69
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Povzetek: Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adults differs in several aspects such as the natural history, prevalence, the clinical presentations and complications, antibiotic resistance rates, treatment options, and the success rates of treatment. Due to all the abovementioned differences, management guidelines and recommendations are different between children and adults. In parallel to the steady decrease in the rate of H. pylori infection in the Western world in recent years, both in children and adults, antibiotic resistance rates have risen to alarming rates. The risk and benefits of eradication treatment, especially in children, must be considered when deciding “to treat or not.” The risks include the negative effects of antibiotics, treatment failure, and reinfection as well as the possibility of losing the “protective effect” of H. pylori on atopy, allergy, and possibly on other gastrointestinal diseases. On the other hand, there are also many benefits of eradication therapy such as prevention of gastric complication and associated non-gastric complications as well as reduction of parental anxiety of nontreatment. This review summarizes the differences related to H. pylori in children versus adults and the risks and benefits of treatment in children.
Ključne besede: children, adults, treatment, Helicobacter pylori
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.01.2026; Ogledov: 166; Prenosov: 108
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Povzetek: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is the most prevalent glomerular illness in children. Even while immunologic processes are well-established, oxidative stress is becoming more widely acknowledged as a significant factor in the etiopathogenesis of illness. Assessing its activity and treatment response may be made easier with the use of trustworthy, non-invasive indicators to track redox balance. We report on the oxidative stress levels of a 10.7-year-old boy with INS with five clinical time points in one year. The FRAS5 analyzer was used to calculate the oxidative stress index (OSI), plasma antioxidant capacity (PAT) and derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) as biomarkers. A 4-tier oxidative state classification scheme based on d-ROM and PAT thresholds was used to interpret the values. The patient had low antioxidant defense, moderate oxidative and increased OSI at relapses, a positive transition to reduced oxidative burden and enhanced defense during remission. The order of events showed a dynamic redox response associated with glucocorticoid (GC) medication and disease activity. The potential value of d-ROM, PAT, and OSI as dynamic biomarkers for tracking disease activity, response to treatment and residual oxidative burden in pediatric INS is supported by this case. To confirm their function in more comprehensive clinical decision-making, more research is required.
Ključne besede: idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, children, derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites, plasma antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress index
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.01.2026; Ogledov: 170; Prenosov: 94
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Povzetek: Background: Children with rheumatic diseases are at risk for contracting severe influenza and COVID-19 and are thus targeted for these vaccination. Objectives: To assess the influenza (flu) vaccination rate in children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), investigate families’ attitudes towards the influenza vaccine, and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on flu vaccine uptake. Methods: This multi-centre, cross-sectional study was conducted across 9 countries. JIA caregivers completed an anonymous questionnaire about their children’s influenza vaccination, including the 2019–2020 and 2020–2021 seasons, including knowledge, and perceptions regarding influenza vaccination. Results: Based on responses from 655 JIA caregivers, 152 children (23.2%) received influenza vaccinations in the 2020–2021 season, representing a significant rise from 18.6% in the previous season (p < 0.01). The likelihood of vaccination was higher among employed/self-employed caregivers compared to unemployed (28.2% and 29.9% vs. 13.9%), and those with tertiary education versus elementary (28% vs. 9.7%), both p < 0.01. Concerns of children’s vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 and severe COVID-19 disease due to JIA were prevalent (51.3% and 85.3% respectively), with 51.3% supporting COVID-19 vaccination. Caregivers who previously vaccinated their children for influenza showed a greater inclination towards SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (73.4% and 79.5%, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Families of children with JIA reported an increasing flu vaccine uptake and a high intention for COVID- 19 vaccine administration. Previous vaccination behavior was shown as a significant predictor of future behaviour. Strengthening health education may address fears and lead to better vaccine coverage against both influenza and SARS-CoV-2 in children with JIA and other inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
Ključne besede: influenza vaccine, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, JIA, COVID-19, vaccination, children
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.12.2025; Ogledov: 369; Prenosov: 163
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