1. Dynamic mechanical analysis of fpu bonded beech wood at various temperaturesMartin Capuder, Boris Azinović, Andreja Pondelak, Paweł Rutkowski, Magdalena Szumera, Matthew Schwarzkopf, Arkadiusz Kwiecień, Klaudia Śliwa-Wieczorek, Jaka Gašper Pečnik, 2025, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Povzetek: This study investigates the dynamic mechanical properties of flexible polyurethane (FPU) adhesives bonded to European beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) using Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) over a range of temperatures and frequencies. Samples included clear beech wood and three-layered composite (beech:FPU:beech). DMA tests were performed using a three-point bending setup at 1 Hz and 10 Hz in the temperature range from -120°C to 140°C. The results demonstrated high thermal stability and strong bonding performance of FPU adhesives on beech wood. Frequency-dependent responses varied among FPU types but resembled the behavior of solid wood at lower temperatures. This confirms the suitability of DMA for evaluating adhesive-wood composite behavior under dynamic conditions. The combination of FPU adhesives and beech wood showed potential for thermally stable and energy-dissipating bonded assemblies.
Ključne besede: dynamic mechanical analysis, FPU, beech wood
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.08.2025; Ogledov: 294; Prenosov: 148
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2. Influence of surface preparation and surface topography on tensile shear strength of polyurethane adhesively bonded beech wood single-lap joints : a finite element method approachLuka Naumovski, Martin Capuder, Jakub Michal Sandak, Boris Azinović, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: In this study, the mechanical properties of bonded single-lap joints are analysed by tensile lap shear tests on beech wood. A one-component polyurethane adhesive was used, and three different methods of surface preparation were applied: planing, sanding along the grain, and sanding perpendicular to the grain. Prior to bonding, the wooden lamellae underwent laser scanning to obtain surface profiles, which were then analysed for surface roughness. Scanned surface topographies with their features were integrated into the finite element analysis (FEA) software COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate the lap shear bonding area for different surface profiles and roughness. The FEA model implements linear material models, which represent the adherend and thin adhesive layer, combined with a modified local cohesive zone model for the adhesive bond interfacial forces. The experimental tests were conducted in a dry environment, where a higher surface roughness achieved by sanding correlated with a higher tensile shear strength. This increased surface roughness was attributed to the enhanced mechanical interlocking mechanism. This finding aligns with the FE analysis, which showed that increased surface roughness, micropillars and indentations, led to variations in stress concentration and distribution compared to a smooth surface bond.
Ključne besede: beech wood, mechanical interlocking, surface modification, polyurethane, finite element modeling
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 11.08.2025; Ogledov: 298; Prenosov: 143
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3. A single-tree approach to determine climate-growth patterns of European beech and their seasonality in the species southern distribution areaRoberto Serrano-Notivoli, Jernej Jevšenak, Katarina Čufar, Nina Škrk Dolar, Angela Balzano, Jožica Gričar, Maks Merela, Klemen Novak, Peter Prislan, Martin De Luis, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Dry and warm climate conditions in southern Europe represent clear limits for European beech (Fagus sylvatica) growth near the species southern distribution limit, but it is unclear how aridification and changes in seasonal precipitation regimes will affect these forests at the individual level. We explored climate-growth relationships and the seasonality of peak climate signals in European beech using daily climate data and a large collection of tree-ring width series from southern and southeastern Europe through Generalised Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs). In most cases we found a positive and significant influence of precipitation on tree growth, and a significant negative effect of maximum temperature. Predictions from the GLMMs revealed a positive impact of precipitation during an 88 day window from spring to early summer (mid-April to mid-July), for an average tree across our network. This critical growing time window ranged from 75 days in warmer and drier conditions, and extended up to 100 days in areas with mild temperatures and moderate summer precipitation. Maximum temperatures negatively affected trees for an average of 27 day window in summer (June-July). This period was reduced to <10 days in locations with wetter and colder summers, rising up to 45 days in sites with drier and warmer summers. The positive effect of precipitation on growth was stronger and commenced earlier in larger trees. Similarly, the negative effects of maximum temperatures were more pronounced for larger trees. The use of daily climate data and a tree-centred approach allowed for capturing critical temporal dynamics in climate-growth relationships that are often overlooked by conventional methods. These insights significantly enhance our understanding of climatic factors influencing individual beech growth at the edge of its distribution range and their seasonal variations.
Ključne besede: European beech, daily climatic variables, precipitation, maximum temperature, tree-ring width, range limit
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.06.2025; Ogledov: 502; Prenosov: 240
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4. Optimizing competitor definitions for the sustainable management of dominant silver fir trees (Abies alba Mill.) in uneven-aged mixed Dinaric forestsMilan Kobal, Tom Levanič, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Understanding competition between trees is essential for sustainable forest management as interactions between trees in uneven-aged mixed forests play a key role in growth dynamics. This study investigated nine competition indices (CIs) for their suitability to model the effects of neighboring trees on silver fir (Abies alba) growth in Dinaric silver fir-European beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests. Although numerous competition indices have been developed, there is still limited consensus on their applicability in different forest types, especially in mature, structurally complex forest stands. The indices were evaluated using the adjusted coefficient of determination in a linear model wherein the volume growth of the last five years for 60 dominant silver fir trees was modeled as a function of tree volume and competition index. The results demonstrated that distance-dependent indices (e.g., the Hegyi height-distance competition and Rouvinen-Kuuluvainen diameter-distance competition indices), which consider the distance to competitors and their size, perform better than distance-independent indices. Using the optimization procedure in calculating the competition indices, only neighboring trees at a distance of up to 26-fold the diameter at breast height (DBH) of the selected tree (optimal search radius) and with a DBH of at least 20% of that of the target tree (optimal DBH) were considered competitors. Therefore, competition significantly influences the growth of dominant silver firs even in older age classes. The model based solely on tree volume explained 32.5% of the variability in volume growth, while the model that accounted for competition explained 64%. Optimizing the optimal search radius had a greater impact on model performance than optimizing the DBH threshold. This emphasizes the importance of balancing stand density and competition in silvicultural practice.
Ključne besede: sustainable forest management, Dinaric silver fir-European beech forests, Competition indices, CIs, optimal search distance, optimal diameter at breast height, DBH
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 05.06.2025; Ogledov: 431; Prenosov: 254
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5. Phenological trends of European beech stands along the Carpathian arc : a 20-year MOD13Q1/MYD13Q1 based analysisM. Švik, O. Brovkina, Tatjana Veljanovski, Matjaž Čater, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: European forests are severely threatened by rapid global climate change. Predicting the effects of climate change on the future performance of tree species can be enhanced by using geographical gradients as space-time proxies. This study focuses on analysing seasonal and inter-annual phenological trends for eight sites of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in the Carpathians along such geographical gradient. Using time series of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from 2003 to 2022, derived from 16-day MODIS Terra and Aqua vegetation products, combined with meteorological parameters (temperature and precipitation) interpolated for a grid and Land Surface Temperature (LST) data from Landsat, we compared annual forest development at the study sites and extracted key phenological metrics (start, length, and end of the growing season) using the phenofit software package for R. Our results show varied responses of the studied forest sites to climate change. The end of season extended significantly at Soveja (slope = 0.50, p = 0.023). Spring temperatures had negative correlations with the start of season (r = -0.37) and autumn temperatures positive correlation with the end of season (r = 0.43). Understanding these patterns is crucial for developing adaptive forest management strategies in Carpathians.
Ključne besede: Carpathians, European beech, vegetation index, MODIS, land surface phenology, time series
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.05.2025; Ogledov: 514; Prenosov: 282
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6. Guidelines for sustainable forest management of beech : (Fagus sylvatica L.)Cristina Vettori, Roberta Ferrante, Cesare Garosi, Francesco Parisi, Patrizia Rossi, Davide Travaglini, Donatella Paffetti, Sanja Bogunović, Mladen Ivanković, Anđelina Gavranović Markić, Marko Bajc, Rok Damjanić, Natalija Dovč, Tine Grebenc, Tijana Martinović, Tanja Mrak, Tina Unuk Nahberger, Nataša Šibanc, Marjana Westergren, Hojka Kraigher, Andrej Breznikar, Kristina Sever, 2024, slovar, enciklopedija, leksikon, priročnik, atlas, zemljevid Ključne besede: Close-to-nature, forest sustainable management, climate changes, beech, Fagus sylvatica L.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 01.02.2025; Ogledov: 577; Prenosov: 364
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7. Diversity and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae and Phytophthora species involved in emerging diseases of Fagus sylvatica in Italy and SloveniaCarlo Bregant, Massimiliano Marcolongo, Lucio Montecchio, Nikica Ogris, Barbara Piškur, Benedetto Teodoro Linaldeddu, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Extensive sunken and bleeding cankers, shoot blight, and root rot symptoms on European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees have recently been observed in several forest ecosystems in Italy and Slovenia. Since there is little information about the aetiology of these diseases and given the high economic and ecological relevance of these formations, a study was conducted from summer to autumn 2023 in ten sites to define the occurrence, distribution and impact of the main pathogens involved. A total of 116 symptomatic samples were collected and processed. Based on colony appearance, morphological features and DNA sequence data, six species belonging to the genera Botryosphaeria, Dothiorella, Diplodia, Neofusicoccum (fungi) and Phytophthora (oomycetes) were isolated and identified. Pathogenicity tests performed on potted European beech seedlings satisfied Koch postulates and highlighted that Diplodia corticola, Neofusicoccum parvum and Phytophthora plurivora are the main agents involved in the extensive decline affecting European beech ecosystems in Italy and Slovenia.
Ključne besede: Diplodia corticola, beech decline, invasive species, emerging diseases, co-infections
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.11.2024; Ogledov: 601; Prenosov: 1050
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8. Phenological trends of European beech stands along the Carpathian arc : a 20-year MODIS based analysisM. Švik, O. Brovkina, Tatjana Veljanovski, Matjaž Čater, 2024, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Ključne besede: European beech, phenology, remote sensing, time series, vegetation index
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.09.2024; Ogledov: 1062; Prenosov: 320
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9. Climate growth limitations of European beech and silver fir along the Carpathian arc – the recent state and future prospectsJakub Kašpar, Kamil Král, Tom Levanič, Pia Caroline Adamič, Matjaž Čater, 2024, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Ključne besede: climate-growth limitation, VS model, Carpathians, climate change, silver fir, European beech
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.09.2024; Ogledov: 858; Prenosov: 515
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10. Response of beech and fir in the Carpathians and DinaridesEva Dařenová, Pia Caroline Adamič, Matjaž Čater, 2024, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Ključne besede: silver fir, beech, light response, Carpathians, Dinarides, soil water content, forest
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.09.2024; Ogledov: 847; Prenosov: 449
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