1. Integrated multi-elemental and ▫$^{87}Sr/^{86}Sr$▫ isotopic fingerprinting coupled with explainable artificial intelligence for geographical authentication of wheatGiulia Puzo, Tea Zuliani, Claudia Zoani, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: This study presents an integrated framework combining multi-elemental profiling and 87Sr/86Sr isotopic fingerprinting with machine learning and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) for the geographical authentication of Italian wheat. A total of 122 samples collected from Northern, Central and Southern Italy over two harvest years (2023–2024) were analysed by ICP–MS and MC–ICP–MS. Elemental composition exhibited pronounced interannual variability, whereas the 87Sr/86Sr ratio showed greater temporal stability and a consistent link to geological background. Random Forest models achieved three-class classification accuracies of 0.75 ± 0.08 for 2023 data and 0.81 ± 0.06 for 2024. SHAP analysis identified the isotopic ratio, together with Zn, Ni, Mn and Cu, as the main contributors to classification. Results demonstrate that wheat geographical origin is reliably characterised by an integrated elemental–isotopic signature interpreted through explainable machine learning, supporting provenance assessment across the major Italian macro-areas over different harvest years.
Ključne besede: wheat, geographical authentication, 87Sr/86Sr ration, multi-element fingerprinting, random forest, SHAP
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.08.2026; Ogledov: 170; Prenosov: 122
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3. Novoodkriti kovinski predmeti kulture žarnih grobišč iz Stranic pri ZrečahPrimož Pavlin, Bine Kramberger, Saša Djura Jelenko, Jožica Hrustel, David John Heath, Tea Zuliani, Marijan Nečemer, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: severovzhodna Slovenija, bronasta doba, depoji, orodje, orožje, kemijska sestava, analiza z ICP-MS, mikro-XRF
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.08.2026; Ogledov: 242; Prenosov: 161
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4. Determination of copper and other trace elements in serum samples from patients with biliary tract cancers : prospective noninterventional nonrandomized clinical study protocolMartina Reberšek, Nežka Hribernik, Katarina Kozlica, Stefan Marković, Katja Uršič Valentinuzzi, Maja Čemažar, Tea Zuliani, Radmila Milačič Ščančar, Janez Ščančar, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, when the disease is incurable. Currently used tumor biomarkers have limited diagnostic value for BTCs, so there is an urgent need for sensitive and specific biomarkers for their earlier diagnosis. Deregulation of the homeostasis of trace elements is involved in the carcinogenesis of different cancers, including BTCs. The objective of the study is to determine/compare the total concentrations of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) and the proportions of free Cu and Cu bound to ceruloplasmin (Cp) and the isotopic ratio of 65Cu/63Cu in serum samples from healthy volunteers and cancer patients using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry-based methods (ICP-MS).
Ključne besede: trace elements, copper, predictive biomarkers of response
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 26.06.2026; Ogledov: 267; Prenosov: 102
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5. Polyethylene microplastics as a vector of tributyltin in Mytilus galloprovincialis and their consequencesTanja Kobal, Tea Zuliani, Stoimir Kolarević, Margareta Kračun-Kolarević, Tatjana Simčič, Tatjana Mijošek Pavin, Andreja Ramšak, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Microplastic pollution is an increasing environmental issue in the marine environment due to its ubiquitous presence and its role as a vector for organic pollutants such as tributyltin (TBT). Adsorption of TBT onto microplastics (MP) can increase its availability to filter-feeding organisms by prolonging its retention time in the water column. We investigated whether polyethylene (PE) MP spheres (10–63 μm) could act as vectors for TBT transfer in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis by exposing it to PE MP (50 mg L− 1 ) and TBT (0.001 mg L− 1 ) separately and in co-exposure for 21 days. Efficient adsorption on PE MP was confirmed, and higher concentration of TBT was observed in the PE MP + TBT group compared to TBT only exposed group, indicating a vector effect. This led to higher toxicity in mussels, as the combined stress conditions in the PE MP + TBT group resulted in a significant decrease in the catalase activity after 14 days of the exposure. Higher ETS activity was observed in both exposed groups after seven days of exposure, followed by lower ETS activity at 14 and 21 days, indicating depletion of energy reserves. Pronounced responses in catalase and electron transport system (ETS) activity were observed in the hepatopancreas compared to the gill tissue. DNA damage was present in all exposed groups and increased over time.
Ključne besede: mytilus galloprovincialis, tributyltin, PE microplastics, mitochondrial respiration, genotoxicity, oxidative stress
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.05.2026; Ogledov: 336; Prenosov: 352
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6. Revealing long-term anthropogenic influence on ▫$PM_{10}$▫ through lead isotope signatures in a post-mining regionTjaša Žerdoner, Judita Burger, Irena Kranjc, Janja Turšič, Tea Zuliani, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: This study investigated long-term anthropogenic contributions to airborne particulate matter (PM10) in the Upper Meža Valley, Slovenia, a region historically affected by ore mining, smelting, and, more recently, secondary Pb production. PM10 samples collected at five locations in the summer and autumn of 2018 and at one location in the spring and summer of 2021 were analysed for elemental composition and Pb isotope ratios to identify and quantify pollution sources. Elevated concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cd, and As were observed across all sites, with minimal temporal variations. Enrichment factor (EF) analysis indicated lower EF values for Zn and As, suggesting a primarily crustal origin. Conversely, higher EF values for Cd and Pb pointed to mixed crustal and anthropogenic sources. The proportion of PM10 samples with high Pb enrichment increased from 9.09 % in 2018 to 20.5 % in 2021, indicating a rising influence of anthropogenic emissions. This study represents the first application of Pb isotope composition and a two-endmember mixing model for detailed source apportionment of PM10 in the region. The Pb isotope ratios of PM10 samples fell between local geogenic background and known anthropogenic sources, with anthropogenic contributions accounting for 55.8 %–69.3 % of total Pb in PM10. These findings have important implications for local environmental management, as they can support targeted mitigation strategies, which are critical for public health protection.
Ključne besede: lead isotopes, air pollution, airborne particulate matter, source apportionment, potentially toxic elements, post-mining region
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.12.2025; Ogledov: 1322; Prenosov: 451
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7. Progress achieved in EURAMET project 21GRD09 MetroPOEM : Metrology for the harmonisation of measurements of environmental pollutants in EuropeDirk Arnold, Rasmus Andreasen, Oktay Cankur, Karin Hain, Razvan-Ioan Costa, Johanna Irrgeher, Steffen Happel, Johanna Noireaux, Tea Zuliani, 2025, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.09.2025; Ogledov: 749; Prenosov: 411
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8. The Urnfield period Dragomelj I hoard : archaeological and chemical investigationsPeter Turk, David John Heath, Tea Zuliani, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The hoard with over 86 kg of metal products unearthed in the settlement at Dragomelj is dated to Ha B1 and com-plements the remains of foundry activities in the nearby settlement at Podgorica. The twin settlements were centres of collection, production, and exchange located on the transport routes that connected the eastern Alpine copper mines with areas to the south. The products in the hoard include biconical ingots with a shaft hole that show a significant correlation between form and chemical composition, which is characterised by tin alloy and modest trace elements (Sb, Ni, As). In contrast, the biconical ingots without a shaft hole contain higher amounts of trace elements. This suggests that the Bronze Age smiths produced different forms of ingots to distinguish between the different metal compositions. The diverse composition of the ingots also indicates the different origins of the chalcopyrite and polymetallic ores used in the production process. The tin alloy of most biconical and some plano-convex ingots is the result of recycling or intentional addition of tin. The analysis of lead isotopes confirms the diverse origin of the objects. In addition to the probable source areas of Mitterberg and Trentino, the supply of copper ores from the nearby Karavanke Mountains remains a possibility.
Ključne besede: late bronze age, hoard, metallurgy, lead-isotope analysis
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 15.07.2025; Ogledov: 1261; Prenosov: 591
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