1. The co-expression of estrogen receptors ERα, ERβ, and GPER in endometrial cancerMarko Hojnik, Maša Sinreih, Maja Anko, Neli Hevir-Kene, Tamara Knific, Boštjan Pirš, Snježana Frković-Grazio, Tea Lanišnik-Rižner, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Estrogens have important roles in endometrial cancer (EC) and exert biological effects through the classical estrogen receptors (ERs) ERα and ERβ, and the G-protein–coupled ER, GPER. So far, the co-expression of these three types of ERs has not been studied in EC. We investigated ERα, ERβ, GPER mRNA and protein levels, and their intracellular protein distributions in EC tissue and in adjacent control endometrial tissue. Compared to control endometrial tissue, immunoreactivity for ERα in EC tissue was weaker for nuclei with minor, but unchanged, cytoplasmic staining; mRNA and protein levels showed decreased patterns for ERα in EC tissue. For ERβ, across both tissue types, the immunoreactivity was unchanged for nuclei and cytoplasm, although EC tissues again showed lower mRNA and protein levels compared to adjacent control endometrial tissue. The immunoreactivity of GPER as well as mRNA levels of GPER were unchanged across cancer and control endometrial tissues, while protein levels were lower in EC tissue. Statistically significant correlations of estrogen receptor α (ESR1) versus estrogen receptor β (ESR2) and GPER variant 3,4 versus ESR1 and ESR2 was seen at the mRNA level. At the protein level studied with Western blotting, there was significant correlation of ERα versus GPER, and ERβ versus GPER. While in clinical practice the expression of ERα is routinely tested in EC tissue, ERβ and GPER need to be further studied to examine their potential as prognostic markers, provided that specific and validated antibodies are available.
Ključne besede: endometrial cancer, immunohistochemistry, GPER
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 10.09.2026; Ogledov: 41; Prenosov: 35
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2. Bacterial microbiome analysis of vaginal, cervical, and endometrial samples in patients with adenomyosis during the window of implantationNika Troha, Tomaž Mark Zorec, Lea Hošnjak, Katja Strašek Smrdel, Andraž Celar Šturm, Vesna Šalamun, Snježana Frković-Grazio, Eda Vrtačnik-Bokal, Mario Poljak, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Adenomyosis is a chronic gynecological condition affecting a substantial portion of women of reproductive age. With symptoms including abnormal uterine bleeding, chronic pelvic pain (CPP), dysmenorrhea, and infertility, poor response to symptomatic treatment and unfavorable outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies, it remains a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Here, we analyzed microbial compositions of the reproductive tract of women with adenomyosis (n = 33) in comparison with healthy controls (n = 31). Vaginal, cervical, and endometrial samples were collected using minimally invasive transcervical sampling techniques on the 22nd day of the menstrual cycle, during the so-called window of implantation. 16S rRNA was amplified and recorded using the next generation sequencing. Bioinformatic and statistical analysis focused on quantitative taxonomical characterization of the specimens’ microbiomes. Vaginal bacterial microbiome composition was consistent across the three anatomical sites. Compared with the control group, adenomyosis was associated with Lactobacillus iners, whereas Lactobacillus gasseri and Gardnerella vaginalis were negatively associated with adenomyosis and its clinical symptoms. G. vaginalis, typically considered a pathogen, was highlighted as an important dominant microbiome replacement for lactobacilli, more so in healthy women than in women with adenomyosis. Anaerococcus prevotii, Peptoniphilus grossensis, and Peptrostreptococcus anaerobius also showed weak correlation to adenomyosis. Differences in taxa abundance were detected in association with adenomyosis clinical symptoms. L. iners was associated with dysmenorrhea, heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), as well as CPP. Prevotella disiens, Prevotella timonesis, and Dialister micraerophilus were associated with dysmenorrhea and Peptoniphilus grossensis with HMB, respectively. L. gasseri and L. jensenii appeared to anticorrelate with these symptoms.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.04.2026; Ogledov: 315; Prenosov: 253
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3. Association of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and inflammation status with survival outcome in patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinomaSimona Miceska, Cvetka Grašič-Kuhar, Snježana Frković-Grazio, Erik Škof, Praveen Krishnamoorthy, Dineo Khabele, Veronika Kloboves-Prevodnik, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: In this study, we investigated the association between tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), inflammation status, and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with primary high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC). We assessed the percentages of different intraepithelial and stromal TIL subtypes using both manual and digital methods, following established recommendations for TIL assessment. In addition, we evaluated inflammation status through several immune scores, including the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV). Our results suggest that stromal CD3+ and CD8+ TILs, as well as PIV, may serve as potential prognostic indicators in HGSC, as they remained potential independent markers in multivariate analysis.
Ključne besede: ovarian carcinoma, high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma, prognostic factors
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 05.12.2025; Ogledov: 1437; Prenosov: 260
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5. Triple negative breast cancer : prognostic factors and survivalTanja Ovčariček, Snježana Frković-Grazio, Erika Matos, Barbara Možina, Simona Borštnar, 2011, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined by a lack of expression of both estrogen (ER) and progesteron(PgR) receptors as well as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Our retrospective analysis addressed prognostic factors for short- and long-term outcomes of patients (pts) with TNBC pts treated in routine clinical practice. Patient and methods.Our retrospective study included 269 TNBC treated at Institute of Oncology Ljubljana between March 2000 and December 2006. The collected data included patientsć, tumoursć and treatmentsć characteristics. The survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Cox proportional hazard model was used in the multivariate analysis. Results. The median age ofour patients was 55.3 yrs (23-88.5) and the median follow-up was 5.9 yrs (0.3-9.6). Six (2%) pts experienced local only, 79 (92%) pts distal recurrenceand 66 (24%) died. The predominant localisation of the first relapsewas in visceral organs (70.4%). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) for the entire group was 68.2% and the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 74.5%.We found a pattern of high recurrence rate in the first 3 years following the diagnosis and a clear decline in recurrence rate over the next 3years. In the univariate analysis age, nodal status, size and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) were found to have a significant impact on DFS as well as on OS. In the multivariate analysis only age (HR=1.79; 95%CI=1.14-2.82; p=0.012) and nodal status (HR=2.71; 95%CI=1.64-4.46; p<0.001) retained their independent prognostic value for DFS and for OS only the nodal status (HR=2.96; 95%CI=1.51-5.82; p=0.002). (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2024; Ogledov: 2477; Prenosov: 574
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7. Priporočila za obravnavo bolnikov z rakom debelega črevesa in danke2020, slovar, enciklopedija, leksikon, priročnik, atlas, zemljevid Ključne besede: rak debelega črevesa, rak danke, bolniki, zdravljenje
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.03.2022; Ogledov: 4193; Prenosov: 1457
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9. Državni presejalni program za raka dojk - DORA : poročilo za obdobje: oktober 2007-julij 2008Maja Primic-Žakelj, Mateja Krajc, Gorazd Noč, Maksimiljan Kadivec, Kristijana Hertl, Snježana Frković-Grazio, Janez Žgajnar, Aljoša Rojec, Marija Seljak, Blanka Mikl Mežnar, Anže Drolc, Tomaž Grbec, 2008, končno poročilo o rezultatih raziskav Objavljeno v DiRROS: 26.03.2021; Ogledov: 3599; Prenosov: 821
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10. Smernice za obravnavo bolnic z rakom jajčnikov, jajcevodov in s primarnim peritonealnim seroznim rakomMatija Barbič, Sonja Bebar, Olga Cerar, Branko Cvjetičanin, Janka Čarman, Astrid Djurišić, Snježana Frković-Grazio, Barbara Gazić, Andreja Gornjec, Katja Jakopič, Borut Kobal, Mateja Krajc, Sebastjan Merlo, Maja Marolt-Mušič, Maja Pakiž, Špela Smrkolj, Manja Šešek, Erik Škof, Iztok Takač, Aleš Vakselj, Vesna Zadnik, Helena Barbara Zobec Logar, 2015, strokovna monografija Ključne besede: zdravstvena obravnava, smernice, rak jajčnikov, ginekologija, neoplazme, ginekološki raki
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.06.2020; Ogledov: 4230; Prenosov: 1134
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