1. A FAIR perspective on data quality frameworksNicholas Nicholson, Raquel Negrão Carvalho, Iztok Štotl, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Despite considerable effort and analysis over the last two to three decades, no integrated scenario yet exists for data quality frameworks. Currently, the choice is between several frameworks dependent upon the type and use of data. While the frameworks are appropriate to their specific purposes, they are generally prescriptive of the quality dimensions they prescribe. We reappraise the basis for measuring data quality by laying out a concept for a framework that addresses data quality from the foundational basis of the FAIR data guiding principles. We advocate for a federated data contextualisation framework able to handle the FAIR-related quality dimensions in the general data contextualisation descriptions and the remaining intrinsic data quality dimensions in associated dedicated context spaces without being overly prescriptive. A framework designed along these lines provides several advantages, not least of which is its ability to encapsulate most other data quality frameworks. Moreover, by contextualising data according to the FAIR data principles, many subjective quality measures are managed automatically and can even be quantified to a degree, whereas objective intrinsic quality measures can be handled to any level of granularity for any data type. This serves to avoid blurring quality dimensions between the data and the data application perspectives as well as to support data quality provenance by providing traceability over a chain of data processing operations. We show by example how some of these concepts can be implemented at a practical level.
Ključne besede: data quality frameworks, FAIR data principles, data contextualisation, metadata, quality provenance, data pathway, knowledge management, federated data
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.02.2026; Ogledov: 204; Prenosov: 63
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2. Mixtures of Chemical Pollutants at European Legislation Safety Concentrations: How Safe are They?Raquel Negrão Carvalho, Augustine Aruqwe, Selim Ait-Aissa, Anne Bado-Nilles, Stefania Balzamo, Anders Baun, Shimshon Belkin, Ludek Blaha, Francois Brion, Daniela Conti, Vesna Flander-Putrle, Valentina Turk, 2014, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The risk posed by complex chemical mixtures in the environment to wildlife and humans is increasingly debated, but has been rarely tested under environmentally relevant scenarios. To address this issue, two mixtures of 14 or 19 substances of concern (pesticides, pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, a surfactant, and a plasticizer), each present at its safety limit concentration imposed by the European legislation, were prepared and tested for their toxic effects. The effects of the mixtures were assessed in 35 bioassays, based on 11 organisms representing different trophic levels. A consortium of 16 laboratories was involved in performing the bioassays. The mixtures elicited quantifiable toxic effects on some of the test systems employed, including i) changes in marine microbial composition, ii) microalgae toxicity, iii) immobilization in the crustacean Daphnia magna, iv) fish embryo toxicity, v) impaired frog embryo development, and vi) increased expression on oxidative stress-linked reporter genes. Estrogenic activity close to regulatory safety limit concentrations was uncovered by receptor-binding assays. The results highlight the need of precautionary actions on the assessment of chemical mixtures even in cases where individual toxicants are present at seemingly harmless concentrations.
Ključne besede: morje, analizna kemija, biologija, evtrofikacija, hranilne snovi, fitoplankton, onesnaževanje, Piranski zaliv
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.08.2024; Ogledov: 1693; Prenosov: 974
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