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Povzetek: AbstractUnderstanding interactions among genotype, environment, and management iscrucial for optimizing crop performance under climate variability. Sweetpotato (Ipo-moea batatas (L.) Lam.), a nutrient-rich root crop increasingly cultivated in temperateregions, exhibits complex source-sink dynamics that remain insufficiently character-ized in organic and mulch-based systems. This study evaluated vegetative growth andstorage root yield of four varieties (Martina, Janja, Lučka, and Purple Speclet) grownunder conventional and organic production, with and without polyethylene mulch,across two contrasting seasons (2021–2022) in Slovenia. A randomized completeblock design with four replications was used to assess 15 agro-morphological traits,and linear mixed-effects models and multivariate analyses quantified factor effectsand interactions. Variety and cultivation method predominantly influenced vegetativetraits (η2 = 30.26% and 24.85%), while variety and growing season contributed mostto yield variance (35.56% and 20.88%). Polyethylene mulch significantly increasedabove-ground biomass (677–1329 g plant−1 ) and total storage root yield (922–1548 gplant−1 ), confirming its role in improving the soil-plant microenvironment. Mar-tina showed the highest and most stable yield across systems. Pearson correlationsindicated strong positive relationship among yield components (r = 0.77–0.93) andmoderate positive correlations between vegetative biomass and yield (r = 0.49–0.60),reflecting coordinated yet distinct source-sink patterns. Principal component analysisseparated treatment combinations and revealed significant genotype × management× season interactions, particularly under mulch in 2022. Overall, combining suit-able varieties with polyethylene mulch substantially enhanced productivity, reducingthe organic-conventional yield gap to ∼11%. These results support climate-adapted strategies based on efficient resource use and optimized biomass partitioning intemperate agroeccosystems.
Ključne besede: sweetpotato, genotype, environment, management, climate variability
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.05.2026; Ogledov: 201; Prenosov: 213
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Povzetek: Common buckwheat is valued for its adaptability, nutritional quality and potential to enhance sustainable cropping systems. However, yield instability and limited data on long-term genetic and nutritional stability remain key challenges. To address this, we conducted a nine-year field study (2012–2020) of the Slovenian variety Čebelica under Central European conditions, integrating agronomic, environmental, nutritional and genetic analyses. Grain yields varied widely (498.8–1418.0 kg ha−1), primarily due to climatic differences, with the precipitation as the dominant factor (F = 4.324, P = 0.027). Crop rotation explained 39.9 % of yield variation, with highest productivity following oats, maize or red clover. In contrast, protein (10.1–12.5 %) and fat (2.6–3.2 %) contents were highly stable (CV < 6 %), indicating robust physiological regulation. Micro-nutrient trends showed increasing iron and zinc, and decreasing sodium. Redundancy analysis revealed that precipitation, soil phosphorus and solar radiation explained over 75 % of trait variation, highlighting complex environmental control. Solar radiation influenced a trade-off between protein/fat and total phenolic content, suggesting metabolic shifts under varying light. Genetic analysis using nine SSR loci showed high diversity (Ho = 0.863) and a significant genetic shift between 2014 and 2015. Principal coordinate analysis and Mantel test (r = 0.556, P = 0.005) confirmed temporal genetic structuring, indicating ongoing adaptation despite the use of a single variety. These findings demonstrate that Čebelica is a nutritionally stable yet genetically dynamic variety, well suited for climate-resilient agriculture. This work offers rare, long-term insights into the ecological, agronomic and genetic dynamics of an underutilised but valuable crop.
Ključne besede: common buckwheat, grain yield stability, buckwheat, nutritional quality, temporal genetic structure, crop protein
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 30.10.2025; Ogledov: 720; Prenosov: 481
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Ključne besede: plant genetic resources, phenotypic diversity, germplasm conservation, core collection, food legumes
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.10.2025; Ogledov: 719; Prenosov: 404
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Ključne besede: legumes, NIR, spectroscopy, plant genetic resources, pre-breeding collection, protein content, seed traits
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.02.2025; Ogledov: 1218; Prenosov: 742
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Ključne besede: Breeding line, multivariateanalysis, quantitative trait, qualitative trait, SCarmarker, trypsin inhibitors
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.12.2024; Ogledov: 1319; Prenosov: 714
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