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Povzetek: Background. In spite of preservation of the accessory nerve there is still considerable proportion of patients with partial nerve damage during modified radical neck dissection (MRND). Methods. The nerve was identified during the surgery and its branches for the trapezius muscle mapped with nerve monitor. Results. The accessory nerve was mapped during 74 hemineck dissections and three patterns were identified. In type 1 nerve exits at the posterior end of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCm) and then it enters the level V (66 %). In type 2 the nerve for trapezius muscle branches off before entering the SCm (22 %). In type 3 the nerve exits at the posterior part of the SCm and it joins to the cervical plexus (12 %). The nerve than exits this junction more medially as a single trapezius branch. Conclusions. The description of three anatomical patterns in level II and V could help preserving the trapezius branch during MRND.
Ključne besede: spinal accessory nerve, nerve mapping, neck dissection, anatomy, shoulder disability
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 11.04.2024; Ogledov: 194; Prenosov: 40
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Povzetek: After 2-crossing-critical graphs were characterized in 2016, their most general subfamily, large 3-connected 2-crossing-critical graphs, has attracted separate attention. This paper presents sharp upper and lower bounds for their domination and independence number.
Ključne besede: crossing-critical graphs, domination number, independence number
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 09.04.2024; Ogledov: 48; Prenosov: 26
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Povzetek: Urban areas can significantly alter the quality status of aquifers if appropriate strategies to prevent and detect groundwater contamination are not implemented in time. The prevention of groundwater contamination should be a priority due to its potential long-term impact on the environment and the high cost of remediation. For effective and sustainable groundwater management, it is crucial to proactively monitor a wide range of compounds to prevent their spread, progression and increasing concentrations. This study is one of the few to analyse the trends of various urban groundwater contaminants (nitrate, sulphate, hexavalent chromium, pesticides, PCE and TCE) from a groundwater management perspective. Characteristic trends are assessed using linear regression and the Mann–Kendall method, while significant changes in trends are determined using the Darken and Pettitt tests. The time span of the analysed trends covers the transition period before and after the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) and the Groundwater Directive (2000/60/EC). This study confirms the effectiveness of enforcement measures to protect groundwater quality, as evidenced by several statistically significant decreasing trends. On the other hand, this study emphasises the importance of intervention-targeted sampling campaigns and the reporting of raw analytical values according to the ISO 11843 series of standards. This approach is essential to detect upward trends in emerging contaminants at an early stage and prevent them from reaching levels that could negatively impact the economy or even jeopardise the safety of drinking water supplies.
Ključne besede: groundwater contamination, contaminant trends, groundwater management, urban aquifer, Ljubljansko polje
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.03.2024; Ogledov: 90; Prenosov: 31
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Povzetek: Background. Like all breast imaging modalities MRI has limited specificity and the positive predictive value for lesions detected by MRI alone ranges between 15 and 50%. MRI guided procedures (needle biopsy, presurgical localisation) are mandatory for suspicious findings visible only at MRI, with potential influence on therapeutic decision. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate our initial clinical experience with MRI-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy as an alternative to surgical excision and to investigate the outcome of MRI-guided breast biopsy as a function of the MRI features of the lesions. Patients and methods. In 14 women (median age 51 zears) with 14 MRI-detected lesions, MRI-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy was performed. We evaluated the MRI findings that led to biopsy and we investigated the core and postoperative histology results and follow-up data. Results. The biopsy was technically successful in 14 (93%) of 15 women. Of 14 biopsies in 14 women, core histology revealed 6 malignant (6/14, 43%), 6 benign (6/14, 43%) and 2 high-risk (2/14, 14%) lesions. Among the 6 cancer 3 were invasive and 3 were ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The probability of malignancy in our experience was higher for non-mass lesion type and for washout and plateau kinetics. Conclusions. Our initial experience confirms that MRI-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy is fast, safe and accurate alternative to surgical biopsy for breast lesions detected at MRI only.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.03.2024; Ogledov: 59; Prenosov: 26
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Povzetek: Background. The aim of the study was to establish eventual progress in routine management of lung cancer patients over a ten-year period at University Clinic for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Slovenia, comparing the results of analysis of 345 patients, diagnosed in 1996 (with analysis performed in 2002), and 405 patients, diagnosed in 2006 (with analysis performed in 2008).Patients and methods. The patients of both analysed groups were of comparable age and number of patients in stage I and II, but there were relatively more females, patients with better performance status, more precise clinical staging and tumour histology in the 2006 group. The parameters used for assessing the progress of management were as follows: time period from admittance to diagnosis and to surgery; precision of staging; accordance of clinical and pathological staging in resected patients; percentage of exploratory thoracotomy; and use of new treatment modalities. The proportion of patients in selected/actual primary treatment modality and survival rate could also be used for assessing the progress. Results. Althoughunessential longer time from admittance to microscopic confirmed diagnosis increased from a mean 7.4 to 8.6 days in 2006 progress was established by the following: more precise clinical staging (stage I and II also A and B stage, TNM staging also in small-cell lung cancer patients); improved accordance with clinical and pathological staging in resected patients (46% against 58%); decreased percentage of exploratory thoracotomy (13% against 4%); increased use of multimodality therapy as primary treatment modality (radiotherapy/chemotherapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy); newly performed radio frequency tumour ablation. The proportion in selected/actual surgery increased from 76% to 93% and median survival rate of all patients from 6.2 to 10.6 months. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.03.2024; Ogledov: 96; Prenosov: 28
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