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Povzetek: We present a novel % cutoff concept of colorimetric indication of relative humidity based on dye dissolution in condensed water in capillaries of selectively functionalized mesoporours host SiO2 material. Consistently high levels of indoor air humidity induces mold and algae growth which represent a potential risks for human health and have deteriorating effect on walls as well. Simple localized humidity detection of high humidity with naked eye especially at places with low air circulation, where growth of mold usually starts first, is therefore highly desirable. The reporting dye was integrated in the non-functionalized mesoporous silica matrix with different pore diameters and selective-functionalized mesoporous silica material. After exposure to the environment of different air humidities the dye dissolved in water causing color change of adsorbent. With the use of adsorbents with different mesopore diameters high ability to tune the value of relative humidity when complete capillary condensation occurred was achieved. Materials with pore diameters of 3.0%nm, 3.5%nm and 7.0%nm exhibit gradual color change when reaching relative humidity up to 55, 79 and 88 RH% respectively. After selective methylation of the material with 7.0%nm pore diameter, non-gradual cutoff color change was achieved. Sample exhibited color change at narrow range of relative humidity (cutoff color change). Due to selective functionalized outer surface the dye dissolution occur only in condensed water in pores and therefore provide colorimetric indication only in this range. Selectively modified silica material has a great potential for a straightforward detection of high humid environment.
Ključne besede: turn-on colorimetric probe, selective functionalization, mesoporous silica, relative humidity, capillary condensation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 05.09.2023; Ogledov: 279; Prenosov: 209
Celotno besedilo (7,18 MB)
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Povzetek: Objectives: This study aimed to assess the risk of tuberculosis (TB) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) treated with any of the commercially available tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) in Slovenia. Design: This is a cohort, registry (biorx.si) cross-linked with the Slovenian National TB Registry. Setting: National, involving all Slovenian rheumatology centres (six secondary and two secondary/tertiary). Participants: 2429 patients with RA, AS or PsA exposed to at least one TNFi participated in the study. Primary and secondary outcome measures: The primary outcome measures were age-adjusted and sex-adjusted TB incidence rates (IRs) and the standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) compared with the general population exploring different TNFi exposure windows. The secondary outcome measures were a detailed characterisation of the national latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening and TB chemoprophylaxis protocol implementation. Results: Among the 2429 patients exposed to at least one TNFi for a total of 10 445 (49% RA, 33% AS and 18% PsA) person-years (PY), 99% completed LTBI screening and 6% required TB chemoprophylaxis. Six RA (three adalimumab, three certolizumab), two PsA (two golimumab) and zero AS patients developed TB. Five out of eight had miliary TB, three out of eight had pulmonary TB and two patients died. The age-standardised and sex-standardised TB IR (95% CI) per 100 000 PYs/SIRs (95% CI) compared with the general Slovenian population for the current TNFi exposure were 52 (0 to 110)/6.7 (0.6 to 80), 47 (0 to 110)/6.1 (0.3 to 105), 45 (0 to 109)/5.8 (0.3 to 112) overall, in RA and PsA, respectively. Conclusions: The TB IR in the Slovenian patients with RA, AS and PsA treated with TNFi was comparable with TB IRs in TB non-endemic countries with less than a tenth of the patients requiring TB chemoprophylaxis.
Ključne besede: epidemiology, rheumatology, tuberculosis
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.11.2020; Ogledov: 1167; Prenosov: 560
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