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1.
Breast cancer risk prediction using Tyrer-Cuzick algorithm with an 18-SNPs polygenic risk score in a European population with below-average breast cancer incidence
Tjaša Oblak, Petra Škerl, Benjamin J. Narang, Rok Blagus, Mateja Krajc, Srdjan Novaković, Janez Žgajnar, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Goals: To determine whether an 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) polygenic risk score (PRS18) improves breast cancer (BC) risk prediction for women at above-average risk of BC, aged 40-49, in a Central European population with BC incidence below EU average. Methods: 502 women aged 40-49 years at the time of BC diagnosis completed a questionnaire on BC risk factors (as per Tyrer-Cuzick algorithm) with data known at age 40 and before BC diagnosis. Blood samples were collected for DNA isolation. 250 DNA samples from healthy women aged 50 served as a control cohort. 18 BC-associated SNPs were genotyped in both groups and PRS18 was calculated. The predictive power of PRS18 to detect BC was evaluated using a ROC curve. 10-year BC risk was calculated using the Tyrer-Cuzick algorithm adapted to the Slovenian incidence rate (S-IBIS): first based on questionnaire-based risk factors and, second, including PRS18. Results: The AUC for PRS18 was 0.613 (95 % CI 0.570-0.657). 83.3 % of women were classified at above-average risk for BC with S-IBIS without PRS18 and 80.7 % when PRS18 was included. Conclusion: BC risk prediction models and SNPs panels should not be automatically used in clinical practice in different populations without prior population-based validation. In our population the addition of an 18SNPs PRS to questionnaire-based risk factors in the Tyrer-Cuzick algorithm in general did not improve BC risk stratification, however, some improvements were observed at higher BC risk scores and could be valuable in distinguishing women at intermediate and high risk of BC.
Ključne besede: early breast cancer, polygenic risk score, risk prediction
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.03.2024; Ogledov: 57; Prenosov: 21
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,54 MB)

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New marker of angiogenesis CD105 (endoglin): diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic role
Mateja Legan, 2005, pregledni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Background. The well established notion that malignant tumours depend on angiogenesis to grow and metastasize focused the investigators interest on tumour vasculature into visualization and validation. Panendothelial markers (CD31, CD34, F8) and CD105 are differentially expressed in angiogenic and normal vessel endothelial cells. Since the former are excellent markers for the normal vasculature, CD105 (endoglin) is more suitable for identifying tumour angiogenesis. Endoglin is a transforming growth factor (TGF)- beta binding receptor, preferentially expressed on endothelial cells of angiogenic tissues, essential for angiogenesis and vascular development. Conclusions. Tumor microvessel density expressed by CD105 immunohistochemical staining in paraffin-embedded tissue section correlates significantly with tumour aggressiveness and prognosis in many solid tumours. Also, targeting of tumour neovasculature specific antigens offers the possibility of future therapeutic approaches.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.02.2024; Ogledov: 104; Prenosov: 23
.pdf Celotno besedilo (96,88 KB)

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Annular pancreas causing extrahepatic biliary obstruction
Mateja Ogulin, Breda Jamar, 2004, strokovni članek

Povzetek: Izhodišča. Anularni pankreas, redka prirojena anomalija, je trak pankreatičnega tkiva, ki obkroža dvanajstnik ali izvenjetrni žolčni vod. Prikazujemo primer anularnega pankreasa, ki je povzročil izvenjetrno zaporo odtoka žolča. Prikaz primera. 46-letna ženska je prišla v urgentno ambulanto zaradi nenadnih bolečin v trebuhu, bruhanja in zlatenice. V zadnjih šestih letih je občasno opazila rumenkasto obarvanje kože, v zadnjem letu pa je občutila napetost v zgornjem delu trebuha, predvsem po mastnih obrokih. Zaključki. Dve ultrazvočni preiskavi, prva pred šestimi meseci, sta pokazali razširitev glavnega izvenjetrnega voda in jetrnih žolčnih izvodil. Vzrok za razširitev je ostal nejasen, tudi po endoskopski ultrazvočni preiskavi. Pri operaciji so našli skoraj popolno zaporo izvenjetrenega žolčnega voda, ki jo je povzročal traček pankreatičnega tkiva.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 07.02.2024; Ogledov: 132; Prenosov: 28
.pdf Celotno besedilo (243,96 KB)

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The role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the malignant tissue and possible applicability of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in the therapy of cancer
Mateja Legan, 2003, pregledni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX 2), an inducible prostaglandin (PG) synthase, is elevated in many types of malignant and pre-malignant tissues. This enzyme is localized in neoplastic (epithelial) cells, microvascular endothelial cells, and stromal fibroblasts. Through the released PG it enhances carcinogenesis with increasing angiogenesis, inhibiting apoptosis, activating matrix metalloproteinases, suppressing of cell mediated antitumor immune response andprotection against damage by cytotoxic agents. Evidences from in vitro studies, studies on animal models as well as first clinical outcomes suggest that the inhibition of COX 2 may suppress carcinogenesis by affecting a numberof pathways: inhibiting angiogenesis, invasiveness of tumors and promoting apoptosis. References forecast that COX 2 inhibitors, mostly COX 2 selective inhibitors, may get a role in the therapy of cancer as an adjuvant therapy or as an co-chemotherapeutic agent. The purpose of the present articleis to summarize the most important facts about the role of COX 2 in themalignant tissue and discuss possible ways for potential therapeutic place of COX 2 inhibitors in clinical practice.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.02.2024; Ogledov: 112; Prenosov: 27
.pdf Celotno besedilo (205,37 KB)

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Dedicated small bowel follow-through - experience of Clinical institute of radiology in Ljubljana
Mateja Koprivnik, Breda Jamar, 2003, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Background. Small bowell is a difficult part of the alimentary tract to examine. Radiologic modality most commonly used has been the conventional small bowel follow-through (SBFT), which has often been done in a cursory manner, without fluoroscopy and manual palpation. The purpose of our study is to present dedicated SBFT and to assess its sensibility and specificity. Patients and methods. We analysed 35 dedicated SBFT, performed from April to September 2002, in patients. Findings were evaluated according to clinical follow-up, endoscopy and surgery. Results. Our findings were consistent with clinical follow-up, endoscopy and surgery in 33 patients. In 2 patients our findings were false negative. Our results show 89.5% sensitivity and 100% specifity. Conclusions. An adequate per-oral examination remains the most reliable toll for diagnostic evaluation of the small bowel.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.02.2024; Ogledov: 102; Prenosov: 25
.pdf Celotno besedilo (125,73 KB)

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TXM peptides inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection, syncytia formation, and lower inflamatory consequences
Tea Govednik, Duško Lainšček, Urška Kuhar, Marva Lachish, Sandra Janežič, Malan Štrbenc, Uroš Krapež, Roman Jerala, Daphne Atlas, Mateja Manček Keber, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: After three years of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the search and availability of relatively low-cost benchtop therapeutics for people not at high risk for a severe disease are still ongoing. Although vaccines and new SARS-CoV-2 variants reduce the death toll, the long COVID-19 along with neurologic symptoms can develop and persist even after a mild initial infection. Reinfections, which further increase the risk of sequelae in multiple organ systems as well as the risk of death, continue to require caution. The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is an important target for both vaccines and therapeutics. The presence of disulfide bonds in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein is essential for its binding to the human ACE2 receptor and cell entry. Here, we demonstrate that thiol-reducing peptides based on the active site of oxidoreductase thioredoxin 1, called thioredoxin mimetic (TXM) peptides, can prevent syncytia formation, SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells, and infection in a mouse model. We also show that TXM peptides inhibit the redox-sensitive HIV pseudotyped viral cell entry. These results support disulfide targeting as a common therapeutic strategy for treating infections caused by viruses using redox-sensitive fusion. Furthermore, TXM peptides exert anti-inflammatory properties by lowering the activation of NF-κB and IRF signaling pathways, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokines in mice. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the TXM peptides, which also cross the blood-brain barrier, in combination with prevention of viral infections, may provide a beneficial clinical strategy to lower viral infections and mitigate severe consequences of COVID-19.
Ključne besede: SARS-CoV-2, Disulfides, Thiol-reacting compound, Spike, Anti-inflammatory activity
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.02.2024; Ogledov: 132; Prenosov: 59
.pdf Celotno besedilo (7,11 MB)
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Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the cecum: a case report
Mateja Kropivnik, Breda Jamar, Bojana Černelč, 2002, strokovni članek

Povzetek: Background. Primary lymphoma of the colon is rare, constituting 0.4 % of primary colonic malignancies and usually involves cecum or rectum. The aim of this paper is to present the role and the importance of double contrast bariumenema (DCBE) in the diagnostic process. Case report. A 77 years old malewas admitted because of suspected inflammation in the area of total endoprosthesis of the left hip, inserted ten years before. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from the aspirate and the patient treated with antibiotics. Twenty years ago the patient underwent nephrectomy because of hypernephroma of left kidney. At the time of admission he had sideropenic anaemia and he was febrile. Conclusion. The patient underwent many diagnostic procedures: ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), double contrast barium enema, which showed a tumour in the cecum, small bowel follow-through and scintigraphy. The diagnosis of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma was established byhistology after biopsy at colonoscopy.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 31.01.2024; Ogledov: 130; Prenosov: 23
.pdf Celotno besedilo (80,69 KB)

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Surovinske potrebe za zagotavljanje prehoda na trajnostno in pametno mobilnost : zbornik povzetkov konferenčnih prispevkov
2022, druge monografije in druga zaključena dela

Povzetek: EIT Urbana mobilnost RIS Hub Slovenija, koordinirana s strani Zavoda za gradbeništvo Slovenije, deluje kot nacionalna kontaktna točka za skupnost urbana mobilnost, ki deluje pod okriljem Evropskega inštituta za inovacije in tehnologijo. Osredotočenost na izboljševanje življenjskih razmer v mestih, spodbujanje inovacij na področju zelenih in varnih rešitev za mobilnost ljudi, blaga in odpadkov, pospeševanje tržnih priložnosti v avtomobilski industriji ter oblikovanje zakonodajnega okvira za spremembe so le nekateri strateški cilji skupnosti KIC EIT Urbana mobilnost. Z namenom spodbujanja povezovanja, združevanja in povečevanja partnerstva med obema sektorjema (surovine in mobilnost), neposredno vpletenima v prehod na bolj trajnostne oblike mobilnosti, je bila 24. oktobra 2022 organizirana spletna konferenca EIT OPEN DAY SLOVENIJA2022 – Surovinske potrebe za zagotavljanje prehoda na trajnostno in pametno mobilnost. Konferenca je bila organizirana s strani Zavoda za gradbeništvo Slovenije, v sodelovanju z Regionalnim centrom Adria EIT Surovine RIS Hub in Javno agencijo SPIRIT Slovenija. Dogodek je bil razdeljen v štiri segmente, v okviru katerih je obravnaval finančne spodbude in mehanizme za zagotavljanje trajnostnega prehoda, tudi z uporabo novih in inovativnih lahkih zlitin ter vodikovih in baterijsko-električnih tehnologij.
Ključne besede: urbana mobilnost, pametna mobilnost, trajnostna mobilnost, mesta, trajnostni razvoj, urbano okolje, surovine, lahke zlitine, vodikove tehnologije, baterijsko električne tehnologije
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.01.2024; Ogledov: 146; Prenosov: 64
.pdf Celotno besedilo (10,24 MB)
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