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Povzetek: Detection of bone marrow involvement (BMI) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) typically relies on invasive bone marrow biopsy (BMB) that faces procedure limitations, while 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging offers a noninvasive alternative. The present study assesses the performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in DLBCL BMI detection, its agreement with BMB, and the impact of BMI on survival outcomes. Patients and methods This retrospective study analyzes baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT and BMB findings in145 stage II–IV DLBCL patients, evaluating both performance of the two diagnostic procedures and the impact of BMI on survival. Results DLBCL BMI was detected in 38 patients (26.2%) using PET/CT and in 18 patients (12.4%) using BMB. Concordant results were seen in 79.3% of patients, with 20.7% showing discordant results. Combining PET/CT and BMB data, we identified 29.7% of patients with BMI. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of PET/CT for detecting DLBCL BMI were 88.4%, 100%, 100%, 95.3%, and 96.5%, respectively, while BMB showed lower sensitivity (41.9%) and NPV (46.8%). The median overall survival (OS) was not reached in any gender subgroup, with 5-year OS rates of 82% (total), 84% (female), and 80% (male) (p = 0.461), while different International Prognostic Index (IPI) groups exhibited varied 5-year OS rates: 94% for low risk (LR), 91% for low-intermediate risk (LIR), 84% for high-intermediate risk (HIR), and 65% for high risk (HR) (p = 0.0027). Bone marrow involvement did not impact OS significantly (p = 0.979). Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy compared to BMB. While other studies reported poorer overall and BMI 5-year OS in DLBCL, our findings demonstrated favourable survival data.
Ključne besede: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, bone marrow, biopsy
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 26.06.2026; Ogledov: 235; Prenosov: 89
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Povzetek: A considerable proportion of metastatic melanoma (mM) patients do not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). There is a great need to develop noninvasive biomarkers to detect patients, who do not respond to ICIs early during the course of treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of early [18F]2fluoro- 2-deoxy-D-glucose PET/CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) at week four (W4) and other possible prognostic biomarkers of survival in mM patients receiving ICIs. Patients and methods. In this prospective noninterventional clinical study, mM patients receiving ICIs regularly underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT: at baseline, at W4 after ICI initiation, at week sixteen and every 16 weeks thereafter. The tumor response to ICIs at W4 was assessed via modified European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) criteria. Patients with progressive metabolic disease (PMD) were classified into the no clinical benefit group (no-CB), and those with other response types were classified into the clinical benefit group (CB). The primary end point was survival analysis on the basis of the W4 18F-FDG PET/CT response. The secondary endpoints were survival analysis on the basis of LDH, the number of metastatic localizations, and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Kaplan-Meier analysis and univariate Cox regression analysis were used to assess the impact on survival. Results. Overall, 71 patients were included. The median follow-up was 37.1 months (95% CI = 30.1–38.0). Three (4%) patients had only baseline scans due to rapid disease progression and death prior to W4 18F-FDG-PET/CT. Fifty-one (72%) patients were classified into the CB group, and 17 (24%) were classified into the no-CB group. There was a statistically significant difference in median overall survival (OS) between the CB group (median OS not reached [NR]; 95% CI = 17.8 months – NR) and the no-CB group (median OS 6.2 months; 95% CI = 4.6 months – NR; p = 0.003). Univariate Cox analysis showed HR of 0.4 (95% CI = 0.18 – 0.72; p = 0.004). median OS was also significantly longer in the group with normal serum LDH levels and the group with irAEs and cutaneous irAEs. Conclusions. Evaluation of mM patients with early 18F-FDG-PET/CT at W4, who were treated with ICIs, could serve as prognostic imaging biomarkers. Other recognized prognostic biomarkers were the serum LDH level and occurrence of cutaneous irAEs.
Ključne besede: melanoma, prognostic biomarkers, survival, immunotherapy
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.11.2025; Ogledov: 613; Prenosov: 252
Celotno besedilo (1,26 MB)

Povzetek: Z odkritjem zaviralcev imunskih kontrolnih točk in z razvojem tarčno specifičnega zdravljenja so bili postavljeni novi mejniki v zdravljenju bolnikov z melanomom, ki predstavlja najbolj agresivno različico kožnega raka. Pomembno je zgodnje prepoznavanje metastatske bolezni zaradi hitre uvedbe ustreznega sistemskega zdravljenja. 18F - FDG PET/CT preiskava predstavlja uporabno slikovno metodo v diagnostiki melanoma, predvsem pri višjih izhodiščnih stadijih bolezni. Z uporabo določenih PET - parametrov (SUV max, MTV, TLG) lahko uspešno spremljamo odgovor na zdravljenje pri bolnikih na tarčni terapiji in imunoterapiji, v več študijah je je potrjena tudi prognostična napovedna vrednost določenih metaboličnih slikovnih biomarkerjev. PET/CT preiskava omogoča zgodnje prepoznavanje imunsko pogojenih neželenih učinkov pri bolnikih na zdravljenju z imunoterapijo, kar je pomembno za hitro ukinitev terapije in morebitno uvedbo ustrezne imunosupresivne terapije. Z razvojem molekularnih raziskav se odpirajo možnosti tudi v iskanju novih tarčno specifičnih PET - radiofarmakov za diagnostiko in terapijo malignega melanoma.
Ključne besede: rak kože, melanom, nuklearna medicina
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.05.2023; Ogledov: 1990; Prenosov: 878
Celotno besedilo (946,86 KB)
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Ključne besede: rak ščitnice, diferencirani rak, zdravljenje, smernice
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 01.07.2022; Ogledov: 2724; Prenosov: 813
Celotno besedilo (432,57 KB)