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1.
Spatial genetic structure of European wild boar, with inferences on late-Pleistocene and Holocene demographic history
Joost F. de Jong, Laura Iacolina, Herbert H. T. Prins, Pim van Hooft, Richard Crooijmans, Sip E. van Wieren, Joaquin Vicente Baños, Eric Baubet, Seán Cahill, Eduardo Ferreira, Ida Jelenko Turinek, Boštjan Pokorny, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: European wildlife has been subjected to intensifying levels of anthropogenic impact throughout the Holocene, yet the main genetic partitioning of many species is thought to still reflect the late-Pleistocene glacial refugia. We analyzed 26,342 nuclear SNPs of 464 wild boar (Sus scrofa) across the European continent to infer demographic history and reassess the genetic consequences of natural and anthropogenic forces. We found that population fragmentation, inbreeding and recent hybridization with domestic pigs have caused the spatial genetic structure to be heterogeneous at the local scale. Underlying local anthropogenic signatures, we found a deep genetic structure in the form of an arch-shaped cline extending from the Dinaric Alps, via Southeastern Europe and the Baltic states, to Western Europe and, finally, to the genetically diverged Iberian peninsula. These findings indicate that, despite considerable anthropogenic influence, the deeper, natural continental structure is still intact. Regarding the glacial refugia, our findings show a weaker signal than generally assumed, but are nevertheless suggestive of two main recolonization routes, with important roles for Southern France and the Balkans. Our results highlight the importance of applying genomic resources and framing genetic results within a species’ demographic history and geographic distribution for a better understanding of the complex mixture of underlying processes.
Ključne besede: spatial genetic structure, European wild boar, demographic history
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.02.2023; Ogledov: 305; Prenosov: 184
.pdf Celotno besedilo (2,41 MB)
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Content analysis of Advance Directives completed by patients with advanced cancer as part of an Advance Care Planning intervention : insights gained from the ACTION trial
Marieke Zwakman, Johannes JM van Delden, Glenys Caswell, Luc Deliens, F. Ingravallo, Lea J. Jabbarian, Anna Thit Johnsen, Ida Joanna Korfage, Alenka Mimič, C. Møller Arnfeldt, Urška Lunder, Branka Červ, Anja Simonič, Hana Kodba Čeh, Polona Ozbič, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Purpose. Writing an Advance Directive (AD) is often seen as a part of Advance Care Planning (ACP). ADs may include specific preferences regarding future care and treatment and information that provides a context for healthcare professionals and relatives in case they have to make decisions for the patient. The aim of this study was to get insight into the content of ADs as completed by patients with advanced cancer who participated in ACP conversations. Methods. A mixed methods study involving content analysis and descriptive statistics was used to describe the content of completed My Preferences forms, an AD used in the intervention arm of the ACTION trial, testing the effectiveness of the ACTION Respecting Choices ACP intervention. Results. In total, 33% of 442 patients who received the ACTION RC ACP intervention completed a My Preferences form. Document completion varied per country: 10.4% (United Kingdom), 20.6% (Denmark), 29.2% (Belgium), 41.7% (the Netherlands), 61.3% (Italy) and 63.9% (Slovenia). Content analysis showed that 'maintaining normal life' and 'experiencing meaningful relationships' were important for patients to live well. Fears and worries mainly concerned disease progression, pain or becoming dependent. Patients hoped for prolongation of life and to be looked after by healthcare professionals. Most patients preferred to be resuscitated and 44% of the patients expressed maximizing comfort as their goal of future care. Most patients preferred 'home' as final place of care. Conclusions. My Preferences forms provide some insights into patients' perspectives and preferences. However, understanding the reasoning behind preferences requires conversations with patients.
Ključne besede: advance care planning, psycho-oncology, medical oncology, ACTION study, cancer, end of life, dying persons
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 15.02.2021; Ogledov: 1260; Prenosov: 875
.pdf Celotno besedilo (351,21 KB)
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Advance care planning in patients with advanced cancer : a 6-country, cluster-randomised clinical trial
Ida Joanna Korfage, Giulia Carreras, Caroline M. Arnfeldt Christiansen, Pascalle Billekens, Louise Bramley, Linda Briggs, Francesco Bulli, Glenys Caswell, Branka Červ, Johannes JM van Delden, Hana Kodba Čeh, Urška Lunder, Alenka Mimič, Polona Ozbič, Anja Simonič, 2020, pregledni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Background. Advance care planning (ACP) supports individuals to define, discuss, and record goals and preferences for future medical treatment and care. Despite being internationally recommended, randomised clinical trials of ACP in patients with advanced cancer are scarce. Methods and findings. To test the implementation of ACP in patients with advanced cancer, we conducted a cluster-randomised trial in 23 hospitals across Belgium, Denmark, Italy, Netherlands, Slovenia, and United Kingdom in 2015–2018. Patients with advanced lung (stage III/IV) or colorectal (stage IV) cancer, WHO performance status 0–3, and at least 3 months life expectancy were eligible. The ACTION Respecting Choices ACP intervention as offered to patients in the intervention arm included scripted ACP conversations between patients, family members, and certified facilitators; standardised leaflets; and standardised advance directives. Control patients received care as usual. Main outcome measures were quality of life (operationalised as European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC] emotional functioning) and symptoms. Secondary outcomes were coping, patient satisfaction, shared decision-making, patient involvement in decision-making, inclusion of advance directives (ADs) in hospital files, and use of hospital care. In all, 1,117 patients were included (442 intervention; 675 control), and 809 (72%) completed the 12-week questionnaire. Patients’ age ranged from 18 to 91 years, with a mean of 66; 39% were female. The mean number of ACP conversations per patient was 1.3. Fidelity was 86%. Sixteen percent of patients found ACP conversations distressing. Mean change in patients’ quality of life did not differ between intervention and control groups (T-score −1.8 versus −0.8, p = 0.59), nor did changes in symptoms, coping, patient satisfaction, and shared decision-making. Specialist palliative care (37% versus 27%, p = 0.002) and AD inclusion in hospital files (10% versus 3%, p < 0.001) were more likely in the intervention group. A key limitation of the study is that recruitment rates were lower in intervention than in control hospitals. Conclusions. Our results show that quality of life effects were not different between patients who had ACP conversations and those who received usual care. The increased use of specialist palliative care and AD inclusion in hospital files of intervention patients is meaningful and requires further study. Our findings suggest that alternative approaches to support patient-centred end-of-life care in this population are needed.
Ključne besede: advanced care planning, medical treatment, advanced cancer, palliative care
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.12.2020; Ogledov: 1293; Prenosov: 1259
.pdf Celotno besedilo (986,49 KB)
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Coping strategies of patients with advanced lung or colorectal cancer in six European countries : insights from the ACTION study
Lea J. Jabbarian, Ida Joanna Korfage, Branka Červ, Johannes JM van Delden, Luc Deliens, Guido Miccinesi, Sheila Payne, Anna Thit Johnsen, Mariette Verkissen, Andrew Wilcock, Agnes van der Heide, Judith Anna Catharina Rietjens, 2020, pregledni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Objective: Even when medical treatments are limited, supporting patients' coping strategies could improve their quality of life. Greater understanding of patients' coping strategies, and influencing factors, can aid developing such support. We examined the prevalence of coping strategies and associated variables. Methods: We used sociodemographic and baseline data from the ACTION trial, including measures of Denial, Acceptance and Problem-focused coping (COPE; Brief COPE inventory), of patients with advanced cancer from six European countries. Clinicians provided clinical information. Linear mixed models with clustering at hospital level were used. Results: Data from 675 patients with stage III/ IV lung (342, 51%) or stage IV colorectal (333, 49%) cancer were used; mean age 66 (10 SD) years. Overall, patients scored low on Denial and high on Acceptance and Problem-focused coping. Older age was associated with higher scores on Denial than younger age ([beta] = 0.05; CI[0.023; 0.074]), and patients from Italy ([beta] = 1.57 CI[0.760; 2.388]) and Denmark ([beta] = 1.82 CI[0.881; 2.750]) scored higher on Denial than patients in other countries. Conclusions: Patients with advanced cancer predominantly used Acceptance and Problem-focused coping, and Denial to a lesser extent. Since the studied coping strategies of patients with advanced cancer vary between subpopulations, we recommend taking these factors into account when developing tailored interventions to support patients' coping strategies.
Ključne besede: ACTION study, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, coping strategies
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 29.07.2020; Ogledov: 1647; Prenosov: 1111
.pdf Celotno besedilo (319,54 KB)
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Opuščanje kajenja v praksi : delavnice "Da, opuščam kajenje"
Ida Hafner, Erika Povšnar, 2004, objavljeni strokovni prispevek na konferenci

Ključne besede: kajenje, delavnice
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.03.2020; Ogledov: 1496; Prenosov: 414
.pdf Celotno besedilo (365,76 KB)

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Problemi kajenja in zdravstvenovzgojno delo na Srednji zdravstveni šoli v Ljubljani
Ida Filipič, Vojka Macura, 1998, objavljeni strokovni prispevek na konferenci

Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.02.2020; Ogledov: 916; Prenosov: 201
.pdf Celotno besedilo (881,16 KB)

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Vsebnost ekstraktivov v skorji in lesu robinije (Robinia pseudoacacia l.)
Viljem Vek, Blaž Vivod, Ida Poljanšek, Primož Oven, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Raziskali smo vsebnost in sestavo ekstraktivov v lesnih tkivih in skorji robinije (Robinia pseudoacacia L.). Vzorce njenega lesa in skorje smo ekstrahirali v aparatu Soxhlet z acetonom. Acetonske ekstrakte smo preiskali gravimetrično in s tem izmerili vsebnost skupnih hidrofilnih ekstraktivov. Z UV-Vis spektrofotometrom smo kolorimetrično izmerili vsebnost skupnih fenolov. Ekstrakte lesa in skorje robinije smo nato detajlno preiskali s sistemom za tekočinsko kromatografijo visoke ločljivosti (HPLC). S to tehniko smo v ekstraktih identificirali in kvantitativno ovrednotili dihidrorobinetin. Največje vsebnosti skupnih hidrofilnih ekstraktivov, skupnih fenolov in dihidrorobinetina smo izmerili v vzorcih jedrovine. Značilno manj ekstraktivov je bilo v vzorcih beljave in skorje. Aksialne variabilnosti v vsebnosti topnih komponent za les in skorjo robinije nismo dognali. Ugotovili smo, da je jedrovina robinije bogat vir fenolnih ekstraktivov.
Ključne besede: robinija, ekstraktivi, HPLC, dragocene spojine, biorafinarije
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 10.10.2019; Ogledov: 4603; Prenosov: 3296
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,04 MB)
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