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Povzetek: Background Most gastric cancer cases are attributable to chronic Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and can theoretically be prevented. Objective In the EUROHELICAN project, we aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness, and adverse events of a Helicobacter pylori screen-and-treat program in the 30–34-year age group for the first time in Europe. Design The study was conducted in the Community Healthcare Center dr. Adolf Drolc Maribor, following the methodology prepared by the National Institute of Public Health. We invited asymptomatic individuals aged 30–34 to be tested for H. pylori IgG antibodies; positive results were confirmed by urea breath test (UBT). Results 2102 participants accepted the invitation. The response rate was 24.4% (95% CI: 23.2–25.5), which was higher in women—28.1% (95% CI: 26.4–29.8) than in men—20.5% (95% CI: 0.19.0–22.1, p < 0.001). The serological prevalence of H. pylori infection was 14.2% (95% CI: 12.7–15.9). A confirmatory urea breath test (UBT) was positive in 83.7% of serology-positive patients. The eradication rate of 14-day bismuth-based quadruple therapy (esomeprazole 40 mg BID, amoxicillin 500 mg, metronidazole 400 mg and bismuth oxide 120 mg, all QID) was 94.7% (95% CI: 89.5–97.9). Adverse events (AEs) during treatment were reported more frequently in women (38.8%, 95% CI: 28.1–50.3) than in men (21.5%, 95% CI: 12.3–33.5; p < 0.05). Conclusion H. pylori screening and-treat program in 30–34 age group in Slovenia is feasible; H. pylori treatment is very effective with acceptable rate of AEs. Different approaches to raising public awareness are needed to increase participation rates.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.03.2026; Ogledov: 521; Prenosov: 476
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Povzetek: Background: Most gastric cancer cases are attributable to chronic Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and can theoretically be prevented. The objectives of the EUROHELICAN project were to assess the feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness, and adverse events of the H. pylori screen-and-treat program in younger adults aged 30 to 34 years, for the first time in Europe; to evaluate long-term effects of H. pylori eradication in middle-aged adults (starting from 45 years of age) previously enrolled for at least 5 years in the GISTAR study in Latvia, and to prepare the IARC expert Working Group Report on population-based H. pylori screen-and-treat strategies for gastric cancer prevention. Methods: The study of H. pylori screen-and-treat in younger adults was conducted in the Community Healthcare Center Dr. Adolf Drolc Maribor following methodology prepared by the National Institute of Public Health of Slovenia. Assessment of possible effects of H. pylori screen-and-treat in the long term was conducted by following up on the long-running GISTAR study conducted by the Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine at the University of Latvia. A team of experts led by the Nantes University Hospital evaluated the study protocols and their progress at different stages. The IARC convened a Working Group of international experts to develop globally applicable guidance on best practices for implementing population-based H. pylori screen-and-treat strategies in adult populations to prevent gastric cancer. Conclusions: Both studies received a positive evaluation at different stages of completion and were deemed appropriate for testing the feasibility of H. pylori screen-and-treat in a community health care setting and investigating possible adverse effects of the strategy in the long-term. The IARC expert group guidance report on the implementation of population-based H. pylori screen-and-treat strategies to prevent gastric cancer in adults will guide future primary gastric cancer prevention programs in Europe and beyond.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.03.2026; Ogledov: 496; Prenosov: 531
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Povzetek: Introduction: Sarcopenia is a multifaceted condition affecting between 10 and 16% of the global population, and although multiple classification algorithms exist, no prevalence has been reported for a representative sample of the Slovenian population. Furthermore, multiple behavioural factors, such as malnutrition, physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle and lower cognitive function, can contribute to the risk of sarcopenia. This study aims to: a) determine sarcopenia prevalence among Slovenian older adults according to different classification algorithms, b) compare the agreement among the algorithms and c) evaluate the relationship between proposed risk factors and sarcopenia. Methods: 654 participants (≥60 years, 30.4% males) have been classified into sarcopenia groups according to eight algorithms, and agreement (Fleiss K) between them was calculated. Additionally, age, sex, nutritional status, physical activity, sedentary levels and cognitive function were assessed as sarcopenia risk/protective factors. Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 was 4.1%, ranging from 2.1% to 15.3%, when classified by all eight algorithms. Overall agreement between algorithms was weak (K=.429; 95% CI .414 to .444) with 0.6% of participants classified as sarcopenic by all eight algorithms. Adequate nutrition and physical activity were identified as protective factors, while age, lower cognitive function and sedentary lifestyle were considered risk factors. Conclusion: Sarcopenia prevalence among the Slovenian general population was lower than in the global population. We can conclude that different sarcopenia algorithms lead to a different prevalence of sarcopenia. It is of great importance to be cautious when comparing prevalences among studies and to further validate the classification algorithms.
Ključne besede: sarcopenia, prevalence, epidemiology, classification algorithms, risk factors
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 03.03.2025; Ogledov: 1136; Prenosov: 713
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