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Keywords: education, relational competence, social and emotional competence, teachers, instruments, systematic review
Published in DiRROS: 22.10.2025; Views: 305; Downloads: 94
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Abstract: Background and objectives This is a protocol for a living systematic review and meta-analysis. This review will assess the effects of state-of-the-art exercise interventions designed to promote functional mobility. Therefore, after identifying all potential interventions, we will use the F.I.T.T. principles (frequency, intensity, time, type) as well as the physical and health status of the participants as moderators to analyse the mechanisms for the positive benefits of exercise interventions. The main research questions are: Which exercise types are most beneficial for improving functional mobility in various populations of older adults? Which physical exercise characteristics in terms of frequency, intensity, time and duration will achieve the greatest benefit in terms of the defined outcomes, i.e, the functional mobility of older adults? Methods The systematic literature research according to PRISMA guidelines will search databases like MEDLINE, APA Psych-Info and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria are: healthy older people ≥ 50 years, randomized-controlled trials including exercise intervention and a walking or mobility assessments (eg., TUG, SPPB) as an outcome measure. A preliminary search revealed more than 33,000 hits that will be screened by pairs of independent reviewers. The results will be summarized according to the effects regarding functional mobility and potential dose-response relations via respective meta-analysis. Conclusion The systematic review will comprise the knowledge of the existing literature with regards to the effects of the physical activity interventions compared to an active or inactive control group. We will summarize the effects with respect to the F.I.T.T.. They provide a foundation for structuring an optimal exercise training program. If possible, we will also compare interventions from the different categories (eg. cardiovascular, resistance, motor-coordinative, multicomponent or mind-body exercise) as a network analysis and report the influence of moderator variables. Based on the results evidence-based guidelines following GRADE for physical exercise interventions to improve functional mobility in older adults will be provided. Functional mobility of older adults is a crucial determinant of health and independence. Mobility can reverse or delay age-related health issues and promote independence, while immobility or limitations in mobility (such as difficulty rising from a chair, balance problems, or reduced walking capacity) can cause or increase dependency. This underscores the significance of fostering mobility among the growing population of older adults. The development of tailored exercise programs targeting the independence of older adults is one of the motivators for the improvement of crucial policy action areas described by WHO in the Equity Policy Tool, namely ʻliving conditionsʼ and ʻsocial and human capitalʼ (WHO, 2019). The key outcomes related to functional mobility in older age include gait, walking capacity, and balance. Additionally, aspects of life-space mobility, such as the overall walking distance within the environment, are significant factors that characterize mobility in older adults. Exercise can be seen as a preventive measure, so that, without adequate physical activity levels, the ageing process may be associated with premature development of disease and dysfunction. However, different training types will enhance outcomes of functional mobility via specific pathways. For example, walking capacity has an endurance and a strength component. Accordingly, aerobic training will improve walking capacity by enhancing cardio-respiratory fitness, as shown within different clinical trials with older patient cohorts. Resistance training helps to increase muscle strength in the lower limb, which increases gait stability. However, recent literature reviews showed that a combination of both interventions might be more sufficient to gain most benefits on walking capacity. This review will systematically assess the effects of state-of-the-art exercise interventions designed to promote mobility. The ultimate aim is to provide evidence-based guidelines for the optimal type and dose of exercise to preserve and enhance functional mobility in diverse populations of older adults
Keywords: functional mobility, older adults, exercise programs, systematic review
Published in DiRROS: 10.03.2025; Views: 807; Downloads: 519
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Abstract: To foster sustainable development in construction sectors, environmental impacts need to be reduced dramatically. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique is the most firmly established methodology used to quantify these environmental impacts and, therefore, has been applied with increasing frequency to assess the environmental performance of buildings. To effectively improve a building's environmental performance, an integration of LCA in the design process is required. This can be achieved by coupling LCA with digital design tools, e.g., Building Information Modelling (BIM). To identify the pro and cons of streamlining the integration of LCA and BIM, a comprehensive Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was performed. We identified more than 50 relevant BIM-LCA case studies and analysed the applied BIM-LCA workflows in detail. In most of the studies reviewed, the LCA has been applied in an early design stage. The authors primarily used LCA tools and manual or semi-automatic methods to exchange data between BIM models. In most cases, contemporary BIM-LCA workflows utilized conventional spreadsheets (e.g., Excel worksheets). However, the results of the analysis show that an automated link between LCA and BIM can be achieved if certain challenges are overcome. By automating exchange of information between BIM and LCA tools and improving the reliability of this process, the LCA application can be streamlined in design practice and, hence, the necessary improvements of the environmental performance of buildings can be supported.
Keywords: building information modelling, life cycle assessment, systematic Literature Review
Published in DiRROS: 18.03.2024; Views: 1375; Downloads: 912
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