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Abstract: Objective − We analysed the relationship between the lung ultrasound (LUS) score and clinical characteristics in order to evaluate the diagnostic and predictive value of LUS in neonates and infants with acute bronchiolitis. Subjects and Methods − Term infants aged up to 3 months, admitted to Ljubljana University Children’s Hospital due to acute bronchiolitis in the period from January to April 2020, were studied prospectively. LUS score and clinical assessment score (CAS) were determined upon admission. The patients were divided into groups according to LUS score and CAS. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were compared between the groups. Correlations between LUS score, duration of clinical signs prior to admission, CAS and partial carbon dioxide pressure in the capillary blood (PCO2 ) upon admission, length of hospitalization and duration of supplemental oxygen (O2 ) therapy were analysed. Additionally, the predictive value of LUS and CAS for the need of non-invasive respiratory support (NRS) was calculated. Results − The LUS score correlated with the clinical severity of acute bronchiolitis. Patients with higher LUS score had higher CAS (P<0.001) and PCO2 upon admission (P=0.014), and needed O2 therapy for a longer time (P=0.023). These patients also required NRS (P=0.024) more often, were positive for respiratory syncytial virus (P=0.008), and had a chest X-ray performed (P<0.001). The LUS score correlated well with CAS (P<0.001, r=0.762). LUS score at admission underperformed to identify subsequent NRS treatment needs (AUC 0.76 (0.54-0.97), P=0.069) compared to CAS (AUC 0.85 (0.68-1.00), P=0.013). Conclusions − Larger studies are needed to evaluate the predictive and diagnostic value of LUS in neonates and young infants with acute bronchiolitis.
Keywords: clinical assessment score, lung ultrasound score, ultrasonography.
Published in DiRROS: 17.08.2026; Views: 213; Downloads: 124
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Abstract: Objectives To assess the impact of lung resection extent on early-stage non-small cell lung cancer with a history of any cancer. Methods Retrospective multicentric cohort study including patients with ≤2 cm pathologic size lung cancer with a history of any cancer, operated on from 2015 to 2021 across nine European centers (one per country). Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and lung cancer specific death (LCSD) between both groups were assessed before and after propensity score (PS) −matching. Risk factors for oncologic outcomes were analyzed using parsimonious model cox proportional hazard regression. Kaplan Meier and cumulative incidence function assessed the outcomes. Log-rank test and Gray’ test compared the groups. Linearized risk was used to assess recurrences. Results Of the 1910 patients with early-stage lung cancer patients, 540 (28.2%) had a prior cancer. Lobectomy and segmentectomy were performed in 409 (75.7%) and 131 (24.3%) patients respectively. 5-year OS rates: lobectomy 81.5%, segmentectomy 80.8%, p = 0.8; DFS: lobectomy 76.9%, segmentectomy 74.4%, p = 0.6 and LCSD: lobectomy 8.0%, segmentectomy 4.9%, p = 0.2. These finding were similar in the matched cohort. Locoregional recurrence (linearized risk: lobectomy 0.111, segmentectomy 0.066) and distant recurrence (linearized risk: lobectomy 0.093, segmentectomy 0.055) were not worse in the segmentectomy group. In multivariable analysis, prior cancer negatively impacted only lung cancer specific death HR:1.27 (95%CI:1.00–1.60). Conclusion Compared to lobectomy, segmentectomy has not shown a worse oncologic outcome in patients with history of any prior cancer.
Keywords: segmentectomy, cancer, early-stage, non-small lung, canceroutcome
Published in DiRROS: 27.07.2026; Views: 315; Downloads: 174
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Abstract: Background: The transition from the parenteral to subcutaneous application of systemic oncological therapy represents one of the most important innovations in modern oncology, as it affects the quality of life of patients as well as the organization of work and the management of health services. The introduction of this change requires effective leadership, interdisciplinary cooperation, and the adaptation of existing processes in healthcare organizations. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the professional and scientific literature, considering the purpose and goal of this research. We used electronic databases: Wiley Online Library, PubMed, COBBIS.SI, and Google Scholar web browser. Papers from 2017 to 2025 were considered and processed using meta-synthesis. Results: Recent studies confirm that the subcutaneous administration of immunotherapy and targeted therapy is as effective and safe as parenteral immunotherapy, while significantly reducing treatment time and improving patient experience. Discussion: The transition to subcutaneous application provides an opportunity to transform oncology care. From a management perspective, the introduction of subcutaneous application requires systematic change management, staff training, process adaptation, and interdisciplinary cooperation. The sustainable implementation of innovations depends on organization, communication, and management support.
Keywords: lung cancer, oncological therapy, quality of medical treatment
Published in DiRROS: 30.06.2026; Views: 222; Downloads: 101
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Abstract: Objectives: To investigate the prognosis of peripheral early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patterns treated by lobectomy or segmentectomy. Methods: Retrospective multicentric cohort of patients with cT1a-bN0M0 lung adenocarcinoma who underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy with systematic lymph node dissection in 10 European centers (one per country) from 2015 to 2021. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and lung cancer–specific death (LCSD) between both groups were assessed in entire dataset and in dataset of histologic aggressive patterns, before and after propensity score-matching (PSM). Prognostic risk factors were analyzed using parsimonious model Cox regression. Recurrences were assessed by linearized risks. Results: Lobectomy and segmentectomy were performed in 1029 (73.1%) and 377 (26.8%) patients, respectively. In total, 427 (30.3%) patients had at least 1 histologic aggressive (micropapillary or solid) pattern, and 88 patients (20.7%) underwent segmentectomy. OS, DFS, and LCSD rates were similar between patients who underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy, in both datasets, before and after PSM. In aggressive dataset, PSM, 5-year OS rates were lobectomy 88.0% (95% CI, 80.9-95.7%), segmentectomy 89.1% (95% CI, 82.2-96.6%), P = .8; 5-year DFS rates were lobectomy 79.8% (95% CI, 70.8-89.8%), segmentectomy 80.6% (95% CI, 71.6-90.6%), P = .6; and 5-year LCSD rates were lobectomy 6.0%, segmentectomy 7.8%, P = .8. Locoregional recurrence was not superior in patients who underwent segmentectomy in entire dataset (linearized risks: lobectomy 0.078, segmentectomy 0.073) and in aggressive dataset (linearized risks: lobectomy 0.036, segmentectomy 0.011) only in the unmatched cohorts. Aggressive histologic patterns impacted on only LCSD, and only when they were dominant. Conclusions: Segmentectomy seems comparable to lobectomy for patients with peripheral cT1a-bN0M0 lung adenocarcinoma even in case of histologic aggressive patterns.
Keywords: lobectomy, lung adenocarcinoma, segmentectomy, patterns, prognosis
Published in DiRROS: 24.04.2026; Views: 374; Downloads: 166
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Abstract: BRAF and cMET exon 14 skipping are rare mutations of NSCLC. The treatment sequence in these cases for the first and second line is not clear. An international registry was created for patients with advanced NSCLC harboring BRAF or cMET exon 14 skipping mutations, diagnosed from January 2017 to June 2022. Clinicopathological and molecular data and treatment patterns were recorded. Data on 58 patients, from eight centers across five countries, were included in the final analysis. We found that 40 patients had the cMET exon 14 skipping mutation and 18 had the BRAF V600E mutation. In total, 53 and 28 patients received first- and second-line treatments, respectively, among which 52.8% received targeted therapy (TT) in the first line and 53.5% in the second line. The overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) for first-line treatment with TT vs. other treatment such as immune checkpoint inhibitors ± chemotherapy (IO ± CT) were 55.6% vs. 21.7% (p = 0.0084) and 66.7% vs. 39.1% (p = 0.04), respectively. The type of treatment in first-line TT vs. other affected time to treatment discontinuation (TTD) was 11.6 m vs. 4.6 m (p= 0.006). The overall survival for the whole group was 15.4 m and was not statistically affected by the type of treatment (19.2 m vs. 13.5 m; p = 0.83).
Keywords: non-small-cell lung cancer, BRAF V600 mutation, cMET exon 14 skipping mutation, real-world data, targeted therapy, first-line therapy
Published in DiRROS: 25.02.2026; Views: 650; Downloads: 355
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