1. Sub-pixel mapping for change detection in fluvial environmentsLiza Stančič, Krištof Oštir, Žiga Kokalj, 2026, scientific monograph Keywords: bedload, gravel bars, monitoring, mountainous areas, multispectral data, optical images, remote sensing, rivers, soft classification, spectral mixture analysis, sub-pixel mapping
Published in DiRROS: 07.03.2026; Views: 14; Downloads: 5
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2. The FORGENIUS genomic resources : new genotyping tools and genomic data for 23 forest tree species and their genetic conservation unitsSara Pinosio, Francesca Bagnoli, Camilla Avanzi, Maria Beatrice Castellani, Arcangela Frascella, Susan McEvoy, Sanna Olsson, Ilaria Spanu, Elia Vajana, Marko Bajc, Gregor Božič, Rok Damjanić, Natalija Dovč, Luka Krajnc, Marija Kravanja, Gal Oblišar, Gregor Skoberne, Marjana Westergren, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: Genetic diversity is a critical but often overlooked component of biological diversity. The European H2020 FORGENIUS project is aimed at increasing the quality and quantity of genetic data to start monitoring the European network of forest Genetic Conservation Units (GCUs). A first step in this direction was developing standardised genomic resources for 23 forest tree species, spanning from rare and scattered (e.g., Abies nebrodensis and Torminalis glaberrima) to widespread and stand-forming, economically relevant ones (e.g., Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris). Here, we describe the development and application of targeted genotyping tools, primarily based on Single Primer Enrichment Technology (SPET), along with existing SNP arrays for the selected species. The SPET panels developed in FORGENIUS were designed to capture ⁓10,000 loci per species, balancing species-specific and randomly distributed regions to ensure broad genome coverage and minimise ascertainment bias. Across 7220 genotyped trees, we identified over 1.8 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering approximately 50 Mb of DNA sequence. SPET panels demonstrated high genotyping efficiency and cross-species transferability, especially within genera such as Quercus and Abies. They represent a cost-effective, flexible, and scalable solution for population-level genetic assessments across diverse taxa, enabling standardised, genome-wide characterisation of the GCU network. These resources not only promote the establishment of genetic monitoring, support genetically informed conservation strategies and improve our understanding of adaptive responses in European forests, but also enhance species delimitation and hybrid detection, and enable the characterisation of phylogenetically related but previously underexplored species.
Keywords: forest tree species, genetic conservation units, genetic diversity, genetic monitoring, single primer enrichment technology, targetedgenotyping, SNP, SPET
Published in DiRROS: 06.03.2026; Views: 45; Downloads: 25
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4. Usmerjeno vzorčenje podtalnih in pitnih voda na aktivne snovi pesticidov in njihovih razgradnih produktov v letu 2024Primož Bukovec, Tanja Fatur, Žan Trošt, 2025, professional article Abstract: V okviru strokovne naloge smo spremljali vsebnost aktivnih snovi v FFS in njihovih razgradnih produktov v podzemnih vodah Slovenije. Na ostanke aktivnih snovi je bilo pregledanih 34 vzorcev podtalne vode in 7 vzorcev pitne vode, odvzetih na več lokacijah na treh območjih, in sicer v Savinjski kotlini (sedem odvzemnih mest), Dravski kotlini (sedem odvzemnih mest) in Murski kotlini (deset odvzemnih mest). Izbrana mesta za vzorčenje podtalnice so bila določena na podlagi hidrogeoloških in pedoloških značilnosti ter kmetijskih praks na posameznem območju. Ta mesta predstavljajo najbolj kritične točke za spiranje pesticidov v podzemno vodo, saj izpolnjujejo ključne kriterije, ki povečujejo tveganje za kontaminacijo. Vsak vzorec vode je bil analiziran na več kot 500 komponent fitofarmacevtskih sredstev (aktivne snovi in metaboliti). V vseh analiziranih vzorcih podtalne vode je bilo zaznanih 20 različnih aktivnih snovi oz. njihovih metabolitov, kar predstavlja okoli 3 % vseh analiziranih komponent. V vseh analiziranih vzorcih pitne vode pa je bilo zaznanih le 6 različnih komponent aktivnih snovi oz. njihovih metabolitov, kar predstavlja manj kot 1 % od vseh analiziranih komponent. Vzorčenje in analiza izbranih podtalnih in pitnih voda v delih Slovenije, kjer se izvaja najintenzivnejša kmetijska pridelava na najranljivejših tleh za spiranje v podtalnico, sta pokazala, da imamo na teh območjih kmetijske dejavnosti relativno malo ostankov aktivnih snovi. Raziskave na področju podzemnih voda se bodo nadaljevale in po potrebi bomo dodali v program še nove aktivne snovi in metabolite FFS.
Keywords: monitoring podzemnih voda, pesticidi, metaboliti, pitna voda, aktivne snovi v FFS
Published in DiRROS: 26.02.2026; Views: 19; Downloads: 9
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5. Do continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics predict macrovascular and microvascular complications in diabetes? The FACULTY protocol of a retrospective real-world cohort studyRamzi A. Ajjan, Tadej Battelino, Jochen Seufert, Patrick Blin, Gérard de Pouvourville, Eric Vicaut, 2025, other scientific articles Abstract: Introduction: Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is currently the gold standard for assessing glycaemic control in diabetes, given the established relationship with microvascular and macrovascular complications in this condition. However, HbA1c is affected by non-glycaemic factors, while also failing to provide data on hypoglycaemic exposure and glucose variability, which are associated with adverse vascular outcomes. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived glucose metrics provide a more comprehensive assessment of glycaemia, but their role in predicting future vascular complications remains unclear. Here, we present the protocol for a real-world cohort study, aiming to establish the relationship between CGM-derived glycaemic metrics and the incidence of macrovascular and/or microvascular complications in people with diabetes. Methods and analysis: This cohort study will use data from all CGM new users (FreeStyle Libre system) in France who uploaded their glycaemic values onto the LibreView cloud-based system, linked with data from the French nationwide Système National des Données de Santé claims database. The study is expected to include a minimum of 70 000 individuals with diabetes with a first date of glucose data upload to the LibreView platform after 1 January 2018 and with a 6-year follow-up period. The primary outcomes are the first occurrence of new macrovascular or microvascular complications, analysed as a composite outcome and separately. Secondary outcomes will include all-cause mortality and hospital admissions for any cause. This longitudinal study will provide key data on the relationship between CGM-derived glycaemic metrics and micro/macrovascular complications in diabetes. This will have an impact on routine clinical practice by setting targets for the different glycaemic markers, based on robust outcome data, thus helping to optimise glucose management in diabetes. Ethics and dissemination: The study data-collection protocol is approved by the French National Commission for Informatics and Liberties, including approval from the Comité Ethique et Scientifique pour les Recherches, les Etudes et les Evaluations dans le domaine de la Santé. This study complies with French and European regulations, including those relating to the General Data Protection Regulation. This study uses pseudonymous information, not requiring informed consent. Dissemination plans include full publication of the study outcomes in peerreviewed journal(s) with open access and presentations at national and international diabetes and cardiovascular conferences.
Keywords: continuous glucose monitoring, diabetes, cohort study, glycaemic values
Published in DiRROS: 24.02.2026; Views: 133; Downloads: 53
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6. Pesticide contamination in apicultural products : an updated and comprehensive review of analytical methods, occurrence, and safety concernsAdrián Fuente-Ballesteros, Maj Smerkol, Anton Gradišek, Artur Miguel Paiva Sarmento, Iveta Pugajeva, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: Honeybees and their products integrate landscape-level chemical exposure, making apicultural matrices valuable bioindicators for both food safety and environmental monitoring. This review summarizes current knowledge on pesticide residues in honey, pollen, beebread, beeswax, royal jelly, and propolis from 2019 to 2024, with an overview of analytical methodologies used in their determination. Multi-residue methods remain dominated by Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction combined with liquid and gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, while high-resolution MS enables broader screening. Highly polar pesticides, particularly glyphosate and its metabolites, require specialised single-residue approaches, such as the Quick Polar Pesticides (QuPPe) method and ion chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (IC-HRMS). Co-occurrence patterns frequently involve mixtures of neonicotinoids, acaricides, and fungicides, reflecting combined agricultural and in-hive treatments. Regarding matrices, honey typically shows insecticide and acaricide residues, pollen concentrates fungicides and insecticides as the main exposure route, and beeswax acts as a long-term sink for lipophilic compounds; royal jelly generally exhibits the lowest contamination levels. Although exceedances of Maximum Residue Limits in honey remain uncommon in European monitoring programs, the presence of pesticide mixtures and limited residue data for bee-related products beyond honey raise concern. Future research should prioritize harmonized residue limits for all beekeeping matrices, standardized quality control and reporting practices, targeted mixture-toxicity assessment under realistic co-exposure scenarios, and the broader adoption of green, miniaturized, and matrix-tailored sample preparation strategies to enhance sensitivity, sustainability, and comparability across studies.
Keywords: apicultural products, honey, pesticides residues, analytical methods, mass spectrometry, food safety, environmental monitoring, plant protection products
Published in DiRROS: 24.02.2026; Views: 137; Downloads: 49
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7. Smart scale toolset for household food waste estimationDejan Gradišar, Miha Glavan, Viktor Govže, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: Accurate measurement of household food waste is essential for informed policymaking and effective reduction strategies. Traditional methods – such as questionnaires, food diaries and waste composition analysis – face trade-offs between accuracy, participant burden, scalability and cost. This article presents a novel digital methodology designed to support structured, harmonized and scalable measurement of household food waste in real-life settings. The approach integrates a custom-built smart kitchen scale with a mobile application and a cloud-based portal. The system guides participants through daily waste recording by automatically capturing weight data and allowing users to categorize discarded food by type, avoidability and disposal method. All data is transmitted in real time to a centralized platform, ensuring consistent, high-quality data with minimal user effort. The toolset supports field campaigns involving hundreds of households over a defined period (e.g., one week), improving standardization and reducing reporting errors. The method can be seen as an enhanced form of direct measurement, combining the accuracy of weighing-based approaches with the efficiency of digital tools. A pilot study confirms the system’s feasibility, participant acceptance and ability to generate detailed, comparable datasets suitable for food waste reporting at different levels. This work contributes a practical, open-source solution for household food waste monitoring, addressing key limitations of existing methods. It offers a valuable tool for researchers, municipalities and NGOs to conduct reliable, large-scale food waste assessments.
Keywords: waste quantification methods, digital data collection, smart scale technology, household food waste, food waste monitoring
Published in DiRROS: 24.02.2026; Views: 166; Downloads: 55
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8. Diagnosis, management, and monitoring of interleukin-1 mediated diseases in Central and Eastern Europe : real-world dataMarija Jelusic, Mario Sestan, Nataša Toplak, Tamas Constantin, Jelena Vojinović, Zbigniew Zuber, Beata Wolska-Kuśnierz, Mihaela Sparchez, Miloš Ješenák, Skirmante Rusoniene, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Background: Global healthcare disparities, stemming from organizational diferences in healthcare systems, lead to variable availability and funding, resulting in a gap between recommended and implemented practices for interleukin (IL)-1-mediated autoinfammatory diseases. We aimed to assess diagnostic, treatment and follow-up options for these diseases in Central and Eastern European countries, comparing them with the 2021 recommendations of the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR). Methods: In 2023, a structured collaborative efort was organized with representatives from 10 Central and Eastern European countries to address autoinfammatory diseases. The discussion focused on potential strategies to achieve the goals mentioned above. Results: Almost all the participating countries have specialized centers for the diagnosis and treatment of autoinfammatory diseases and the care is provided either by rheumatologists and/or clinical immunologists. Genetic testing is available in all countries, but there is variation in the types of tests ofered. Massive parallel sequencing panels for autoinfammatory diseases are available in all countries, with waiting periods for results ranging from 3 to 6 months in most cases. The availability of disease-specifc laboratory assessments, such as S100 proteins, is limited. IL-1 inhibitors are available in all countries, but there are diferences in practices regarding the licensing and reimbursement of anakinra and canakinumab based on specifc indications or diagnoses. The age at which the transition process begins varies, but in most countries, it typically starts around the age of 18 or beyond and in majority of the participating countries there is no structured transition program. Conclusions: Adherence to the 2021 EULAR/ACR recommendations for IL-1-mediated autoinfammatory diseases is achievable in Central and Eastern European countries. Determining the prevalence and incidence of these diseases in this region remains a persistent challenge for future research eforts, with the overarching goal of identifying new patients with autoinfammatory diseases.
Keywords: autoinfammatory diseases, interleukin-1 mediated diseases, diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, patientreported outcomes, transition
Published in DiRROS: 23.02.2026; Views: 122; Downloads: 70
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9. A glucose time in range of 70% attenuates the senescence-inducing and pro-inflammatory effects of hyperglycemiaRosalba La Grotta, Valeria Pellegrini, Francesca Carreras, Cesare Celeste Berra, Karolina Mužina, Barbara Jenko Bizjan, Klemen Dovč, Francesco Prattichizzo, Tadej Battelino, Antonio Ceriello, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Background: The Time In Range (TIR) represents the amount of time spent by a given individual in the range close to normoglycemia, i.e. 70-180 mg/dl. On the basis of studies demonstrating an association of TIR with the incidence of diabetes complications, guidelines recommend a target of at least 70% of TIR for most people with diabetes. However, no study has explored the effect of variable degrees of TIR on molecular mechanisms relevant for the development of diabetes complications. Methods: We exposed endothelial cells and monocytes to increasing percentages of TIR, i.e. 50%, 70%, 85% by changing cell media twice a day as appropriate, as well as to constant normoglycemia (i.e. fixed 100 mg/dl of glucose for endothelial cells) and hyperglycemia (i.e. 500 mg/dl glucose), evaluating the development of senescence, of the associated pro-inflammatory response, and monocytes adhesion to endothelial cells as a functional assay. We then assessed the expression of a plethora of markers of senescence and inflammation at the mRNA level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)s derived from individuals with early (i.e. 1-year post-diagnosis) type 1 diabetes (T1D, n = 37), categorized according to the TIR (< or > 70%) observed in the previous 14 days, comparing the two groups through ANCOVA adjusted for HbA1c. As a confirmatory analysis, we also compared the expression of the same markers in people with Time Above Range (TAR), considered as the whole time above 180 mg/dl, ≥ vs < 30%. Correlations between TIR values and the expression of the same markers were tested through linear regression. Results: Constant hyperglycemia promoted the development of senescence in endothelial cells and induced inflammatory responses in both endothelial cells and monocytes, promoting also monocytes adhesion to endothelial cells. A TIR of 70%, but not of 50%, suppressed these effects while a TIR of 85% did not provide additional benefit. Data from people with T1D mirrored such results, as demonstrated by the higher expression of p16, a marker of senescence, and of IL-6, MCP-1, and CXCL1, three inflammatory mediators, in PBMCs from individuals with TIR < 70% and compared with those with TIR > 70%, independently of HbA1c. Similar results were obtained when comparing people with TAR ≥ vs < 30%. When considered as a continuous variable, TIR values were correlated with p16, IL-6, and CXCL1. Conclusions: A TIR above 70% is associated with attenuated pro-senescence and pro-inflammatory effects of hyperglycemia. These molecular results support the TIR target currently recommended by guidelines, especially for people with T1D.
Keywords: continuous glucose monitoring, TIR, TAR, hyperglycemia, inflammation, senescence, endothelial cells, monocytes, type 1 diabetes, PBMC
Published in DiRROS: 19.02.2026; Views: 267; Downloads: 73
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10. Pilotna raziskava za ugotavljanje ustreznosti metode za popis gliv na stalnih opazovalnih ploskvahNikica Ogris, Bojan Arzenšek, Anton Soklič, Andrej Piltaver, 2025, treatise, preliminary study, study Keywords: stalne opazovalne ploskve, gobe, monitoring
Published in DiRROS: 17.02.2026; Views: 250; Downloads: 31
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