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Abstract: The conservation of the natural environment in Slovenia goes back to the late nineteenth century. The first nature protection program in Slovenia was drawn up in 1920. The current Nature Conservation Act was adopted in 1999. Today there are one national park, three regional parks, and twenty-three landscape parks in the Slovenian mountains; this chapter presents one example of each. The beginnings of Slovenia’s only national park (i.e., Triglav National Park) hark back to 1924. It is rich in typical alpine features and full of alpine flora and fauna. Its cultural landscape reflects the connection between people and nature. It covers 840 km2 and contains thirty-three settlements with over 2,300 residents. Logar Valley Landscape Park was established in 1987. It covers 24 km2 and has only around forty residents. The beauty of this glacial valley is reflected in numerous natural features. Farms, which have shaped the cultural landscape over the centuries, have also left their mark. Efforts to preserve the predominantly forested Pohorje Hills region date back to the 1920s. Pohorje Regional Park was established in 2024. It covers 59 km2 and has no residents.
Keywords: mountains, natural heritage, cultural heritage, nature protection, nature conservation, Triglav National Park, Logar Valley Landscape Park, Pohorje Regional Park
Published in DiRROS: 30.03.2026; Views: 153; Downloads: 105
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Abstract: The goal of the research was to assess whether landscape conceptualization systematically differed across European languages in the context of the linguistic relativity debate. We examined the generalizability of previous findings and evaluated the limits of used methodologies, drawing on a large and diverse sample of 14 languages across 5 linguistic families in Eastern Europe (Slavic, Baltic, Uralic, Romance, Hellenic). Participants were asked to free-list terms associated with three linguistic domains: landscape, animals, and body parts. Mixed ANOVA, pairwise comparisons, frequency distribution, cognitive salience, and semantic network analyses were used to test for relationships and to visualize patterns and differences between languages. We confirmed that the landscape domain was less structured than the domains of animals and body parts. Furthermore, the landscape domain had weaker semantic connections across languages. However, we did not find any systematic differences in landscape conceptualizations across languages that could be clearly attributed to linguistic factors. Rather, we argue that the observed variability is more likely the result of multiple factors – geographical, cultural, and linguistic. Building on previous research, we propose more nuanced methods in future research that integrate qualitative, ethnographic insights with quantitative methods, while accounting for extra-linguistic factors.
Keywords: landscape perception, linguistic relativity, Eastern Europe, semantic differences
Published in DiRROS: 28.03.2026; Views: 205; Downloads: 104
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Abstract: This chapter focuses on mountain pastures and their role in shaping and maintaining landscapes on the southeastern fringe of the European Alps. Mountainous cultural landscapes witness centuries of interactions between people and their environment, resulting in multi-layered, multi-structured, and multi-functional entities. Although mountain pastures seem to be a strong pillar of stability of Alpine landscapes, they are nevertheless susceptible to constant change within the dynamic interplay of economic, social, and political factors. The question arises how to address current challenges and megatrends, such as the general decline of agriculture, especially small-scale farming, the depopulation of mountain areas, and booming tourism. The overall objective of this chapter is to highlight some essential landscape-related aspects of mountain pasture farming from historical and contemporary perspectives: landscape change, drivers of change, current challenges, landscape as a form and as a process, actors and stakeholders, and perspectives. We have explored these issues through three case studies from different parts of the Slovenian Alps. The paper concludes with a reflection on mountain landscapes in general and specifically on the users’ perspectives on mountain pasture management in these landscapes.
Keywords: cultural landscape, mountain pastures, pastoralism, agrarian community, Slovenian Alps
Published in DiRROS: 28.03.2026; Views: 143; Downloads: 115
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Abstract: Algorithm selection in optimization is often done by considering a single best-performing algorithm per problem. However, sometimes multiple algorithms perform comparably well on the same optimization problem, and in such cases, it would be appropriate to consider all of them as best performing. Hence, this work proposes an algorithm selection methodology that enables the identification and prediction of multiple algorithms as best performing. More specifically, the methodology involves first identifying the best-performing algorithms using statistical tests that show when the algorithms perform comparably well. Then, these algorithms are set as targets to machine learning models that can predict multiple algorithms as best performing. Finally, an evaluation measure is introduced to assess the performance of the algorithm selection models. The proposed methodology is applied to constrained multiobjective optimization.
Keywords: spatial signal encoding, exploratory landscape analysis, constrained multiobjective optimization
Published in DiRROS: 23.03.2026; Views: 137; Downloads: 93
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Abstract: This survey examines key advancements in designing features to represent optimization problem instances, algorithm instances, and their interactions within the context of single-objective continuous black-box optimization. These features support machine learning tasks such as algorithm selection, algorithm configuration, and problem classification, and they are also used to evaluate the complementarity of benchmark problem sets. We provide a comprehensive overview of problem landscape features, algorithm features, high-level problem-algorithm interaction features, and trajectory features, including the latest works from the past five years. We also point out limitations of the current state-of-the-art and suggest directions for future research.
Keywords: problem landscape features, algorithm features, problem -algorithm trajectory features, problem classification, algorithm selection, algorithm configuration, complementarity analysis
Published in DiRROS: 26.01.2026; Views: 260; Downloads: 162
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