Search the repository

A+ | A- | | SLO | ENG

Keywords: surgical techniques, surgical innovations, reporting guidelines, reporting checklist, surgical technique reporting checklist and standards
Published in DiRROS: 09.09.2026; Views: 28; Downloads: 16
Full text (394,97 KB)
This document has many files! More...

Abstract: Purpose: Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) are a key instrument for translating nutrition science into public health advice, yet direct comparison across guidelines is hindered by differences in food grouping, units, and formulation of recommendations. Slovenia has recently developed and scientifically completed the Slovenian Nutrition Guidelines 2025 (SNG2025), its updated FBDGs, which have been submitted for governmental adoption but are not yet officially adopted. The SNG2025 extend conventional FBDGs into a quantitative, plant-forward framework that integrates health and environmental sustainability. However, their quantitative position relative to contemporary international guidelines and nationally representative intake data has not yet been systematically evaluated. Methods: We compared 13 national FBDGs (Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Germany, Austria, Spain, France, Canada, United States, China, United Kingdom and Australia) and two international frameworks (Nordic Nutrition Recommendations and EAT–Lancet) with the SNG2025. Recommendations were extracted for major food groups and mathematically converted (standardised) to a common unit (g/day) using predefined conversion factors and explicitly stated assumptions. Results: The SNG2025 are largely consistent with international practice. Strong convergence was observed for fruits and vegetables, while recommendations for legumes, nuts, and whole grains closely aligned with EAT–Lancet targets and those from Spain and Austria. Slovenian upper limits for meat, dairy and eggs were comparable to those in several European and international guidelines; notably, some FBDGs suggest more stringent reductions than the SNG2025. Several guidelines allow fortified plant-based alternatives to fully replace animal-based dairy. Greater variability was observed for fish and seafood, reflecting regional dietary traditions. Significant heterogeneity in the formulation of recommendations (e.g., portion-based vs. weight-based) was identified. Conclusions: The SNG2025 are well aligned with contemporary international and national recommendations and align with widely accepted quantitative ranges for all major food groups. Differences between guidelines reflect cultural framing and quantification rather than conflicting nutritional principles. The SNG2025 demonstrate that contemporary dietary guidelines can integrate quantitative guidance, a plant-forward approach, and sustainability considerations while remaining aligned with international evidence. These findings support the use of SNG2025 as a reference framework for the development and evaluation of future dietary guidelines in comparable settings.
Keywords: food-based dietary guidelines ·, dietary recommendations, plant-forward diet ·, sustainable diet, international comparison, food groups, EAT–lancet, nordic nutrition recommendations
Published in DiRROS: 24.07.2026; Views: 275; Downloads: 192
Full text (1,41 MB)
This document has many files! More...

Abstract: Introduction: Considerable heterogeneity exists in the configuration and implementation maturity of trauma systems across European healthcare settings, and the opportunities for guideline-informed high-quality care varies considerably. Therefore, the European Society of Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ESTES), with its constituent national societies, has developed comprehensive consensus recommendations for care-context appropriate treatment of polytrauma patients in Europe, from the pre-hospital setting to the first surgical phase. Methods: Adhering to the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method (RAM), ESTES conducted a three-round modified Delphi consensus. National society expert delegates assessed Grade of Recommendation (GoR) A and Good Clinical Practice Points (GPP) elements of the German Society of Trauma Surgery (DGU) “S3 guidelines for polytrauma/severe injury management” for appropriateness and implementability within their respective healthcare systems. Results: In the first consensus round, 82 GoR A and 57 GPP recommendations were analysed. Of these, seven GPP were rephrased for clarity and four were removed due to redundancy or conflicting content. Consequently, 135 recommendations (82 GoR A and 53 GPP) remained, with 128 (77 GoR A and 51 GPP) deemed appropriate and necessary, and seven as uncertain due to expert disagreement. Conclusion: These ESTES recommendations constitute the first cohesive Europe-wide framework for managing the polytrauma patient from the prehospital setting to the end of the first surgical phase. They serve as a foundational tool for the development of national guidelines, particularly in regions with evolving trauma systems, and promote alignment towards a uniform standard-of-care across Europe.
Keywords: polytrauma, injury, guidelines, recommendations, consensus
Published in DiRROS: 20.05.2026; Views: 486; Downloads: 247
Full text (797,53 KB)
This document has many files! More...

Abstract: Introduction: This second part of the S2k guidelines is an update of the 2015 S1 European guidelines. Objective: These guidelines aim to provide an accepted decision aid for the selection, implementation and assessment of appropriate and sufficient therapy for patients with hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa (HS). Methods: The chapters have been selected after a Delphi procedure among the experts/authors. Certain passages have been adopted without changes from the previous version. Potential treatment complications are not included, being beyond the scope of these guidelines. Results: Since the S1 guidelines publication, validation of new therapeutic approaches has almost completely overhauled the knowledge in the field of HS treatment. Inflammatory nodules/abscesses/draining tunnels are the primary lesions, which enable the classification of the disease severity by new validated tools. In relation to the degree of detectable inflammation, HS is classified into the inflammatory and the predominantly non-inflammatory forms. While the intensity of the inflammatory form can be subdivided by the IHS4 classification in mild, moderate and severe HS and is treated by medication accordingly, the decision on surgical treatment of the predominantly non-inflammatory form is based on the Hurley stage of the affected localization. The effectiveness of oral tetracyclines as an alternative to the oral combination of clindamycin/rifampicin should be noted. The duration of systemic antibiotic therapy can be shortened by a 5-day intravenous clindamycin treatment. Adalimumab, secukinumab and bimekizumab subcutaneous administration has been approved by the EMA for the treatment of moderate-to-severe HS. Various surgical procedures are available for the predominantly non-inflammatory form of the disease. The combination of a medical therapy to reduce inflammation with a surgical procedure to remove irreversible tissue damage is currently considered a holistic therapeutic approach. Conclusions: Suitable therapeutic options while considering HS severity in the therapeutic algorithm according to standardized criteria are aimed at ensuring a proper therapy.
Keywords: hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa, guidelines, European S2k gudelines, tretament
Published in DiRROS: 22.04.2026; Views: 330; Downloads: 273
Full text (3,44 MB)
This document has many files! More...

Abstract: Introduction: The 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines introduced stricter low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets, particularly for patients at high and very high cardiovascular (CV) risk. However, data on the implementation of these targets in real-world clinical practice—especially in countries with high/very high CV risk—remain limited. The DISCOVERY study aimed to assess LDL-C management, lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) use, and guideline adherence across multiple countries in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Methods: This prospective, observational, multicenter study enrolled adult patients with hypercholesterolemia (HCL) from 10 countries grouped into three regions. Data was collected at baseline and after 12 weeks of follow-up. LLT patterns, LDL-C levels, target attainment (both investigator-defined and 2019 ESC/EAS-recommended), and physician adherence to guidelines were analyzed. Results: A total of 6,447 patients were included; 53.2% were female, and the mean age was 60.5 ± 11.9 years. Most patients (66%) were in secondary prevention. At baseline, 36.8% had been treated with LLT. After the first visit, treatment was changed in 78% of patients, but only 42.4% received highintensity statins and 9.3% received statin-ezetimibe combinations at followup. LDL-C target achievement was poor: only 5.6% of patients met the guideline-recommended LDL-C goals, compared to 45.5% who met physician-defined targets. Among patients with ASCVD, only 3.3% achieved guideline LDL-C targets. The most significant gap was observed between guideline recommendations and physician-set LDL-C goals. No significant difference in LDL-C target attainment was observed between specialists and general practitioners. Discussion: The DISCOVERY study reveals suboptimal LDL-C control and low adherence to the 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines in routine practice across countries with high/very high CV risk. These findings highlight the urgent need for strategies to improve physician awareness, promote intensive LLT use, and close the gap between guidelines and clinical practice. A paradigm shift toward proactive LDL-C management is essential to reduce residual CV risk in these populations.
Keywords: LDL-C, hypercholesterolemia, lipid-lowering therapy, ESC/EAS guidelines, cardiovascular risk, real-world evidence, statins, ezetimibe
Published in DiRROS: 31.03.2026; Views: 492; Downloads: 257
Full text (921,50 KB)
This document has many files! More...