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Query: "keywords" (early-stage cancer) .

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1.
Breast cancer risk prediction using Tyrer-Cuzick algorithm with an 18-SNPs polygenic risk score in a European population with below-average breast cancer incidence
Tjaša Oblak, Petra Škerl, Benjamin J. Narang, Rok Blagus, Mateja Krajc, Srdjan Novaković, Janez Žgajnar, 2023, original scientific article

Abstract: Goals: To determine whether an 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) polygenic risk score (PRS18) improves breast cancer (BC) risk prediction for women at above-average risk of BC, aged 40-49, in a Central European population with BC incidence below EU average. Methods: 502 women aged 40-49 years at the time of BC diagnosis completed a questionnaire on BC risk factors (as per Tyrer-Cuzick algorithm) with data known at age 40 and before BC diagnosis. Blood samples were collected for DNA isolation. 250 DNA samples from healthy women aged 50 served as a control cohort. 18 BC-associated SNPs were genotyped in both groups and PRS18 was calculated. The predictive power of PRS18 to detect BC was evaluated using a ROC curve. 10-year BC risk was calculated using the Tyrer-Cuzick algorithm adapted to the Slovenian incidence rate (S-IBIS): first based on questionnaire-based risk factors and, second, including PRS18. Results: The AUC for PRS18 was 0.613 (95 % CI 0.570-0.657). 83.3 % of women were classified at above-average risk for BC with S-IBIS without PRS18 and 80.7 % when PRS18 was included. Conclusion: BC risk prediction models and SNPs panels should not be automatically used in clinical practice in different populations without prior population-based validation. In our population the addition of an 18SNPs PRS to questionnaire-based risk factors in the Tyrer-Cuzick algorithm in general did not improve BC risk stratification, however, some improvements were observed at higher BC risk scores and could be valuable in distinguishing women at intermediate and high risk of BC.
Keywords: early breast cancer, polygenic risk score, risk prediction
Published in DiRROS: 21.03.2024; Views: 57; Downloads: 21
.pdf Full text (1,54 MB)

2.
Trends in specialized palliative care referrals at an oncology center from 2007 to 2019
Lučka Boltežar, Barbara Jezeršek Novaković, Maja Ebert Moltara, 2021, original scientific article

Keywords: palliative care, primary site of cancer, early referral
Published in DiRROS: 21.09.2022; Views: 385; Downloads: 221
.pdf Full text (1,80 MB)
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3.
COVID-19 pandemic impact on cytopathology practice in the post-lockdown period : an international, multicenter study
Elena Vigliar, Pasquale Pisapia, Filippo Dello Iacovo, Izidor Kern, William C. Faquin, Martha Bishop Pitman, 2022, original scientific article

Abstract: Background. In a previous worldwide survey, the authors showed a drastic reduction in the number of cytological specimens processed during the coronavirus disease 2019 “lockdown” period along with an increase in malignancy rates. To assess the continued impact of the pandemic on cytological practices around the world, they undertook a second follow-up worldwide survey collecting data from the post-lockdown period (2020). Methods. Participants were asked to provide data regarding their cytopathology activity during the first 12 weeks of their respective national post-lockdown period (2020), which ranged from April 4 to October 31. Differences between the post-lockdown period and the corresponding 2019 period were evaluated, and the authors specifically focused on rates of malignant diagnoses. Results. A total of 29 respondents from 17 countries worldwide joined the survey. Overall, a lower number of cytological specimens (n = 236,352) were processed in comparison with the same period in 2019 (n = 321,466) for a relative reduction of 26.5%. The overall malignancy rate showed a statistically significant increase (12,442 [5.26%] vs 12,882 [4.01%]; P < .001) during the same time period. Similar results were obtained if both malignancy and suspicious for malignancy rates were considered together (15,759 [6.58%] vs 16,011 [4.98%]; P < .001). Conclusions. The data showed a persistent reduction in the cytological specimen volume during the post-lockdown period (2020). However, the relative increase in the cytological workload in the late part of the post-lockdown is a promising finding of a slow return to normality.
Keywords: covid-19, neoplasms, early detection of cancer, lung -- pathology -- cytology, diagnostic screening programs, fine-needle biopsy, cytopathology, fine-needle aspiration, malignancy rate
Published in DiRROS: 07.02.2022; Views: 760; Downloads: 240
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4.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer after surgical resection
Nežka Hribernik, Igor Požek, Izidor Kern, 2019, original scientific article

Abstract: Background. The outcomes of patients with both lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are unfavorable. Therapeutic interventions for lung cancer such as surgery can cause acute exacerbation of IPF (aeIPF). This study aimed to assess the frequency of IPF in a group of patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to report clinical characteristics and outcomes of this cohort of patients. Patients and methods. This observational cohort retrospective study analyzed 641 pathological records of patients after surgical resection of early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at University Clinic Golnik from May 2010 to April 2017. Pathological records of NSCLC with coexisting IPF were reviewed. CT scans and biopsy specimens for this group of patients were analyzed by a thoracic radiologist and pathologist, independently. We searched radiological and pathological features of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern in this group of patients. We report the clinical characteristics and outcome of this cohort of patients. Results. Out of 641 patients with early-stage NSCLC, only 13 (2.0%) had histologically and radiologically proven coexisting UIP/IPF. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type of lung cancer (7/13 patients). The majority of tumors were small size (all being pT1 or pT2), stage I–II (11/13 patients), located in the lower lung lobes (11/13 patients). Almost all patients were current or ex-smokers (11/13 patients). There were two pathologically confirmed fatal cases (15.4%) due to aeIPF in the first two months after radical treatment, one after adjuvant radiotherapy and the other after surgery. Out of 13 patients, one patient had a lung cancer relapse. Conclusions. Frequency of UIP/IPF in surgically treated early stage NSCLC is rather low. Our observational study shows that radical treatment of lung cancer can cause aeIPF with dismal outcome in this group of patients. The standard of care in these mostly elderly patients still remains unresolved.
Keywords: non-small-cell lung cancer, early-stage cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, surgery, radiotherapy
Published in DiRROS: 07.10.2020; Views: 1882; Downloads: 850
.pdf Full text (969,72 KB)

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