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Abstract: Very little data about impact of simultaneous addition of selenium and iodine on plants exists. Plants of common buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. were grown outdoors and were foliarly treated at the beginning of the flowering with different forms of Se (selenite, selenate) and I (iodide, iodate) and their combinations. Plants were harvested and seeds were collected and grounded, and the concentrations of fagopyrin and rutin were determined. Nor Se, nor I, alone or their combination had an influence on the concentration of fagopyrin. Selenium, iodine and their combination affected the amount of rutin in common buckwheat grain.
Keywords: fagopyrin, rutin, common buckwheat, seeds, Se, I
Published in DiRROS: 28.01.2026; Views: 454; Downloads: 261
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Abstract: Plants need at least 14 elements for normal functioning. Selenium (Se) is on the list of beneficial elements for plants, since it has many positive effects in a propriate concentrations. Iodine (I) is not yet classified on that list since there are not enough studies about the effect of I on plants. Selenium in plants may cause a delay of senescence and promote the growth of the ageing seedlings. Selenium also exhibits protective role in UV treated plants, plants, exposed to water shortage, and in plants, exposed to high or low temperature. High concentration of Se was reported to cause physiological disturbances in plants due to Se binding to cysteine and methionine molecules instead of S, and the inclusion of selenocysteine and selenomethionine in proteins. I might have a positive effect on plants, including its protective role in antioxidant activities in plants, exposed to different stress conditions. Both elements are in deficit in human nutrition in many countries worldwide. I and Se are needed for the optimal function of thyroid gland, thus simultaneous biofortification of crops is feasible for areas deficient in both elements. Selenium and I interfere with each other in pea, common buckwheat plants and in kohlrabi. Sulphur (S) and Se have similar chemical properties, and the assimilation of Se and S follows the S metabolic pathway. S induced the accumulation of Se in Tartary buckwheat in field experiment. Silicon (Si) enhances plant strength, ameliorates the negative effects of salinity, drought, and high or low temperatures, ameliorates metal toxicity, and increases plant resistance to different pathogens and herbivores.
Keywords: buckwheat, Fagopyrum, selenium, iodine, sulphur, silicon
Published in DiRROS: 21.01.2026; Views: 366; Downloads: 247
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Abstract: Seed storage proteins of grain crops meet the major dietary protein requirement of over half of the world population. PCR based genome walking the 5’UTR of the gene coding for a lysine rich legumin type protein amplified a 1.1kb DNA fragment representing the promoter region of the gene. Clustal alignment of this sequence with other sequences in the Genbank database clearly showed 100 percent complementary base match of 282 bases at the 3’ end of the sequence, corresponding to nucleotide position 780-1062 with correspondingly similar number of bases on the 5’ end of the 1.7kb Bwleg gene.We detected one prolamin box and three RY-repeat motifs in the sequence. Seven deletion fragments of the putative promoter were generated by 5’ nested PCR and cloned in pCAMBIA1304 upstream of GUS gene after excising the CaMV 35S promoter from the vector. Arabidopsis plants plants harbouring the deletion construct pBwlDF1 to pBwlDF6 clearly showed seed specific expression of the reporter gene. Seeds harbouring the constructs pBwlDF3, pBwlDF4 and pBwlDF5 showed a nearly threefold decrease in GUS activity than those harbouring the construct with full length promoter.
Keywords: buckwheat, DNA, promoter, constructs
Published in DiRROS: 20.01.2026; Views: 443; Downloads: 308
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Abstract: Buckwheat crop improvement by breeding has been taking place over the past 100 years or more. During this time there has been improvements in many desirable agronomic characteristics which has resulted in higher yields in many of the breeding programs. Phenotypic modifications, such as dwarf, semi-dwarf and branching have been reported. There has also been an effort to increase flower number as this has been shown in cross pollinating buckwheat, to increase yields. Flower cluster modifications and their effects on yield have also been studied. Increased reports on the discovery of buckwheat wild species have been reported from several programs with many interspecific crosses having taken place. Several of these crosses were performed with Fagopyrum esculentum in efforts to increase variability which can be used to increase yield potential as well as to obtain increased nutritional components. More recent efforts have focused on the development of self-pollinating buckwheat, both from introgression of genes from Fagopyrum homotropicum as well as from mutations in cross pollinating buckwheat. The main problem has been in breeding depression which has occurred in many of the reported attempts. However, high yielding homomorphic, self-pollinating varieties have been developed and are now in commercial production. There is now emphasis being placed on many of the nutritional aspects of buckwheat flour as well as value added components. It is expected that this will increase over time.
Keywords: buckwheat breeding, homomorphic, autogamous buckwheat
Published in DiRROS: 20.01.2026; Views: 533; Downloads: 323
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Abstract: Natural populations of the wild ancestor of cultivated common buckwheat were searched and collected, starting from its discovery in1990 and finishing the collections in 2005. Among the collections, the samples Zhuka, Xihe from Mankang district of Tibet are most closely related to cultivated common buckwheat. On the other hand, cultivated populations of common buckwheat in Zhouba, Zhubalong both from Mankang district are most closely related with the wild ancestor of common buckwheat. This leads to the hypothesis on the origin of cultivated buckwheat in Mankang district in the Sanjiang area. The diffusion route from the original birthplace to India and the Himalayan hills is proposed. Several characteristics of Indian and Himalayan common buckwheat are discussed. A main conclusion of the discussion is that European buckwheat is not of Indian origin nor of the Himalayan origin. It probably came from the northern China through the Silk Road.
Keywords: buckwheat, wild ancestor, origin, diffusion, India, Himalaya, short day plant
Published in DiRROS: 19.01.2026; Views: 407; Downloads: 294
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