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1.
MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs : prospects in diagnostics and therapy of cancer
Nina Hauptman, Damjan Glavač, 2013, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: Background. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key regulatory molecules in cellular processes, and are potentialbiomarkers in many diseases. Currently, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs are being pursued as diagnostic andprognostic biomarkers, and as therapeutic tools in cancer, since their expression profiling is able to distinguish differentcancer types and classify their sub-types.Conclusions. There are numerous studies confirming involvement of ncRNAs in cancer initiation, development andprogression, but have only been recently identified as new diagnostic and prognostic tools. This can be beneficialin future medical cancer treatment options, since ncRNAs are natural antisense interactors included in regulationof many genes connected to survival and proliferation. Research is directed in development of useful markers fordiagnosis and prognosis in cancer and in developing new RNA-based cancer therapies, of which some are alreadyin clinical trials.
Keywords: microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, biomarker
Published in DiRROS: 22.03.2024; Views: 44; Downloads: 21
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2.
Cathepsin X in serum from patients with colorectal cancer: relation to prognosis
Tjaša Vižin, Ib Jarle Christensen, Hans Jørgen Nielsen, Janko Kos, 2012, original scientific article

Abstract: Background. Up-regulation of lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin X (Cat X) is associated with disorders of the immune system and neurodegenerative diseases, while its role in the development and progression of cancer is less understood. Enhanced secretion of pro-Cat X was observed in malignant processes, and therefore, the level of total serum Cat X rather than the active enzyme may better reflect the tumour status. Patients and methods. Seventy-seven patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) were included in a retrospective study. Blood samples were collected prior to therapy. Using ELISA, the values of total Cat X were measured in serum. Groups of healthy persons (n=77), patients with adenomas (n=77) and patients with non-neoplastic findings (n=77) were included. Results. Significant differences between the group of colorectal patients and the groups of healthy persons, adenoma patients and patients with non-malignant findings could not be shown (p=0.89). Within the group of CRC, higher levels of total Cat X significantly correlated to shorter overall survival (HR=2.08, 95% CI:1.07-4.05, p=0.028). Conclusions. Total serum Cat X could be a useful prognostic indicator for determining survival of patients with CRC. Increased serum levels of total CatX may reflect more aggressive tumour cell phenotypes and suggest the involvement of Cat X in processes involved in later stages of tumour progression.
Keywords: cysteine cathepsins, cathepsin X, colorectal cancer, prognosis, serum biomarker
Published in DiRROS: 21.03.2024; Views: 58; Downloads: 29
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3.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of malignant pleural mesothelioma : a comparative study of pharmacokinetic models and correlation with mRECIST criteria
Martina Vivoda Tomšič, Sotirios Bisdas, Viljem Kovač, Igor Serša, Katarina Šurlan Popović, 2019, original scientific article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive thoracic malignancy that is difficult to cure. Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI is a functional imaging technique used to analyze tumor microvascular properties and to monitor therapy response. Purpose of this study was to compare two tracer kinetic models, the extended Tofts (ET) and the adiabatic approximation tissue homogeneity model (AATH) for analysis of DCE-MRI and examine the value of the DCE parameters to predict response to chemotherapy in patients with MPM. METHOD: This prospective, longitudinal, single tertiary radiology center study was conducted between October 2013 and July 2015. Patient underwent DCE-MRI studies at three time points: prior to therapy, during and after cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The images were analyzed using ET and AATH models. In short-term follow-up, the patients were classified as having disease control or progressive disease according to modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST) criteria. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to examine specificity and sensitivity of DCE parameters for predicting response to therapy. Comparison tests were used to analyze whether derived parameters are interchangeable between the two models. RESULTS: Nineteen patients form the study population. The results indicate that the derived parameters are not interchangeable between the models. Significant correlation with response to therapy was found for AATH-calculated median pre-treatment efflux rate (kep) showing sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 100% (AUC 0.9). ET-calculated maximal pre-treatment kep showed 100% sensitivity and specificity for predicting treatment response during the early phase of the therapy and reached a favorable trend to significant prognostic value post-therapy. CONCLUSION: Both models show potential in predicting response to therapy in MPM. High pre-treatment kep values suggest MPM disease control post-chemotherapy.
Keywords: biomarker, magnetic resonance imaging, mesothelioma, perfusion, response evaluation criteria in solid tumors, prognosis
Published in DiRROS: 23.09.2020; Views: 1270; Downloads: 932
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