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Abstract: This study provides a comparative analysis of the national intellectual property ecosystems in Croatia and Slovenia. In contrast to national innovation systems, national intellectual property ecosystems are rarely studied. The starting point for the research was the institutions within the national innovation system. The authors examined which institutions – such as research and business agencies, technology transfer offices, incubators, intellectual property offices, and inventors’ associations – provide intellectual property-related services. In addition, they analysed industrial property data (patents, industrial designs, trademarks) and innovation indexes. Findings indicate that while Slovenia has outperformed Croatia in several industrial property and innovation indicators, a decline over the last ten years in some key areas, such as national patent applications and innovation indexes, may suggest emerging vulnerabilities. Croatia, on the other hand, is showing signs of strengthening its intellectual property ecosystem and engagement with digital tools, which may position it more favourably in the future. By identifying gaps and challenges within each ecosystem, this study highlights opportunities for mutual learning, where Croatia and Slovenia can adopt best practices from one another to enhance their intellectual property strategies.
Keywords: intellectual property, national innovation systems, support institutions, industrial property, technology transfer, innovation indexes
Published in DiRROS: 17.08.2026; Views: 187; Downloads: 78
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