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Abstract: Additive manufacturing (AM) has experienced significant growth in recent years, emerging as a transformative technology with broad applications across various industries. This review explores the advantages, disadvantages, and environmental impacts of AM, an important area of consideration as this technology continues to gain popularity. By analyzing existing literature, we assess the challenges associated with AM processes, particularly in comparison to traditional manufacturing methods. AM has the greatest potential to contribute to sustainable development by the production of lightweight components and complex industrial products with intricate designs. These products are made with minimal material usage. Consequently, also waste and emissions are reduced, which are significant environmental advantages. Overall, this review highlights the importance of AM as a tool for advancing sustainability in manufacturing and offers valuable insights for Continuous Fiber Fabrication, Direct Metal Laser Sintering, and Selective Laser Sintering techniques to enhance their competitive advantage while reducing their environmental impact.
Keywords: additive manufacturing, 3D print, continuous fiber fabrication, direct metal laser sintering, selective laser sintering, AddCircles
Published in DiRROS: 07.04.2025; Views: 616; Downloads: 295
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Abstract: In recent years many researchers have been involved in studies in the field of pre-treatment of various raw materials. Temperature treatment of materials results in several advantages, which have been already recognised and successfully applied in various fields of applications. Where at the same time, the practices has been adopted also in the field of 3D printing. Enhanced strength and stiffness, assuring desirable performance criteria of the 3D printed models, reflect the most important characteristics. 3D printing binder jetting technology is based on the application of liquid binders onto powdered material, where gypsum powders have been commercially used as a base raw material. As natural raw materials can be replaced by other materials, such as recycled industrial by products, the aim of this research work was to evaluate the potential usage of three synthetic gypsum powders from different industrial processes for 3D printing. The investigation covered (a) mineralogical and microstructural characteristics of gypsums from different origin and (b) the effect of pre-treatment of gypsum powders at different temperatures (up to 500 °C). On the basis of the results, the most promising temperature regime for each different waste gypsum powder treatment, reflecting in the most optimal setting time, was defined. Synthetic gypsums were characterized by X-ray diffraction (QXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA). The results showed that all three synthetic gypsums (calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaSO 4∙2H2O) thermally degrade into calcium sulfate anhydrite (CaSO 4) via an intermediate calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CaSO 4∙ ½H2 O, bassanite) phase. Microstructural and mineralogical differences were observed when temperature treated gypsums from different origins were compared. The detailed knowledge of gypsum powder properties at different temperature regime is important parameter for the assurance of 3D printing key parameters such as flowability, roughness and wettability, especially for determination of saturation levels and setting time. After all, these parameters define final mechanical properties of 3D printed structures. By using such approach, the understanding of material compatibility for 3D printing technology can be defined and improved if necessary.
Keywords: 3D print, additive manufacturing, gypsum, temperature
Published in DiRROS: 25.01.2024; Views: 1214; Downloads: 818
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