1. Presejalni programi za raka : pričakovanja in dejanski učinki programov Svit, Dora in Zora po desetletju ter pogled proti novim presejalnim programomUrška Ivanuš, Katja Jarm, Katja Kovše, Dominika Novak-Mlakar, Tatjana Kofol-Bric, 2026, published professional conference contribution Abstract: V Sloveniji organizirano populacijsko presejanje za raka temelji na treh državnih programih: ZORA za raka materničnega vratu, DORA za raka dojk in Programu Svit za raka debelega črevesa in danke. V zadnjem desetletju so ti programi dosegli visoko organiziranost in mednarodno prepoznavnost. Po evropskih primerjavah se Slovenija uvršča med najuspešnejše države na področju organiziranega presejanja, tako glede pregledanosti ciljne populacije kot zmanjšanja bremena raka. V programih Svit in ZORA se zmanjšujeta incidenca in umrljivost, v programu DORA pa se pomembno povečuje delež rakov, odkritih v zgodnjih stadijih. V prispevku prikazujemo, kako so se uresničile ključne napovedi iz leta 2016, zlasti glede utrditve treh programov, prehoda programa ZORA na presejanje s testom HPV, izboljšanja zakonske podpore ter razvoja strokovnih podlag za nove programe. Posebno pozornost namenjamo tudi novim evropskim priporočilom in raziskovalno-razvojnim projektom, ki v Sloveniji podpirajo presojo in pripravo presejanja za pljučnega raka, raka prostate in želodčnega raka ter nadaljnji razvoj obstoječih programov. Predstavljeni so tudi novi pristopi, kot so presejanje, prilagojeno ogroženosti, matematično modeliranje, analize stroškovne učinkovitosti ter koncept vzdržnosti in pravičnosti presejalnih programov. Ključno sporočilo prispevka je, da je največja prednost Slovenije, da je presejalne programe razvila kot organizirane, podatkovno podprte, kakovostno vodene in mednarodno primerljive javnozdravstvene programe. Tudi v prihodnje mora ostati temeljno vodilo enako: organizirano presejanje naj bo uvedeno zgolj, če posamezniku in družbi prinese več koristi kot škode, uvajanje novih programov naj bo sistematično, skladno z evropskimi priporočili, poteka pa naj ob podpori obstoječih presejalnih programov in mednarodne stroke.
Keywords: onkologija, presejalni programi, epidemiologija, obvladovanje raka
Published in DiRROS: 03.06.2026; Views: 135; Downloads: 65
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2. EUROHELICAN—The first helicobacter pylori screen-and-treat population-based study in young adults in EuropeBojan Tepeš, Tatjana Kofol-Bric, Jernej Završnik, Mitja Oblak, Marcel Kralj, Alja Polajžer, Helena Blažun Vošner, Nataša Maguša Lorber, Jin Young Park, Tamara Matysiak‐Budnik, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: Background Most gastric cancer cases are attributable to chronic Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and can theoretically be prevented. Objective In the EUROHELICAN project, we aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness, and adverse events of a Helicobacter pylori screen-and-treat program in the 30–34-year age group for the first time in Europe. Design The study was conducted in the Community Healthcare Center dr. Adolf Drolc Maribor, following the methodology prepared by the National Institute of Public Health. We invited asymptomatic individuals aged 30–34 to be tested for H. pylori IgG antibodies; positive results were confirmed by urea breath test (UBT). Results 2102 participants accepted the invitation. The response rate was 24.4% (95% CI: 23.2–25.5), which was higher in women—28.1% (95% CI: 26.4–29.8) than in men—20.5% (95% CI: 0.19.0–22.1, p < 0.001). The serological prevalence of H. pylori infection was 14.2% (95% CI: 12.7–15.9). A confirmatory urea breath test (UBT) was positive in 83.7% of serology-positive patients. The eradication rate of 14-day bismuth-based quadruple therapy (esomeprazole 40 mg BID, amoxicillin 500 mg, metronidazole 400 mg and bismuth oxide 120 mg, all QID) was 94.7% (95% CI: 89.5–97.9). Adverse events (AEs) during treatment were reported more frequently in women (38.8%, 95% CI: 28.1–50.3) than in men (21.5%, 95% CI: 12.3–33.5; p < 0.05). Conclusion H. pylori screening and-treat program in 30–34 age group in Slovenia is feasible; H. pylori treatment is very effective with acceptable rate of AEs. Different approaches to raising public awareness are needed to increase participation rates.
Published in DiRROS: 17.03.2026; Views: 406; Downloads: 332
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3. EUROHELICAN-accelerating gastric cancer reduction through Helicobacter pylori eradicationBojan Tepeš, Tatjana Kofol-Bric, Mitja Oblak, Jernej Završnik, Helena Blažun Vošner, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Background: Most gastric cancer cases are attributable to chronic Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and can theoretically be prevented. The objectives of the EUROHELICAN project were to assess the feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness, and adverse events of the H. pylori screen-and-treat program in younger adults aged 30 to 34 years, for the first time in Europe; to evaluate long-term effects of H. pylori eradication in middle-aged adults (starting from 45 years of age) previously enrolled for at least 5 years in the GISTAR study in Latvia, and to prepare the IARC expert Working Group Report on population-based H. pylori screen-and-treat strategies for gastric cancer prevention. Methods: The study of H. pylori screen-and-treat in younger adults was conducted in the Community Healthcare Center Dr. Adolf Drolc Maribor following methodology prepared by the National Institute of Public Health of Slovenia. Assessment of possible effects of H. pylori screen-and-treat in the long term was conducted by following up on the long-running GISTAR study conducted by the Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine at the University of Latvia. A team of experts led by the Nantes University Hospital evaluated the study protocols and their progress at different stages. The IARC convened a Working Group of international experts to develop globally applicable guidance on best practices for implementing population-based H. pylori screen-and-treat strategies in adult populations to prevent gastric cancer. Conclusions: Both studies received a positive evaluation at different stages of completion and were deemed appropriate for testing the feasibility of H. pylori screen-and-treat in a community health care setting and investigating possible adverse effects of the strategy in the long-term. The IARC expert group guidance report on the implementation of population-based H. pylori screen-and-treat strategies to prevent gastric cancer in adults will guide future primary gastric cancer prevention programs in Europe and beyond.
Published in DiRROS: 17.03.2026; Views: 369; Downloads: 346
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4. Interval cancers after negative immunochemical test compared to screen and non-respondersʼ detected cancers in Slovenian colorectal cancer screening programmeDominika Novak-Mlakar, Tatjana Kofol-Bric, Ana Lucija Škrjanec, Mateja Krajc, 2018, original scientific article Abstract: We assessed the incidence and characteristics of interval cancers after faecal immunochemical occult blood test and calculated the test sensitivity in Slovenian colorectal cancer screening programme. Patients and methods. The analysis included the population aged between 50 to 69 years, which was invited for screening between April 2011 and December 2012. The persons were followed-up until the next foreseen invitation, in average for 2 years. The data on interval cancers and cancers in non-responders were obtained from cancer registry. Gender, age, years of schooling, the cancer site and stage were compared among three observed groups. We used the proportional incidence method to calculate the screening test sensitivity. Results. Among 502,488 persons invited for screening, 493 cancers were detected after positive screening test, 79 interval cancers after negative faecal immunochemical test and 395 in non-responders. The proportion of interval cancers was 13.8%. Among the three observed groups cancers were more frequent in men (p = 0.009) and in persons aged 60+ years (p < 0.001). Comparing screen detected and cancers in non-responders with interval cancers more interval cancers were detected in persons with 10 years of schooling or more (p = 0.029 and p = 0.001), in stage III (p = 0.027) and IV (p < 0.001), and in right hemicolon (p < 0.001). Interval cancers were more frequently in stage I than non-responders cancers (p = 0.004). Test sensitivity of faecal immunochemical test was 88.45%. Conclusions. Interval cancers in Slovenian screening programme were detected in expected proportions as in similar programmes. Test sensitivity was among the highest when compared to similar programmes and was accomplished using test kit for two stool samples.
Keywords: cancer screening, colorectal cancer, faecal immunochemical test, test sensitivity
Published in DiRROS: 10.06.2024; Views: 1341; Downloads: 428
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6. Zdrava izbira - organizirana presejanja za raka v SlovenijiKatja Jarm, Dominika Novak-Mlakar, Urška Ivanuš, Tatjana Kofol-Bric, Ana Šinkovec, Mojca Florjančič, Kaja Batista, 2021, published professional conference contribution Keywords: presejalni programi, preventivni programi, onkologija, javno zdravje
Published in DiRROS: 17.12.2021; Views: 2283; Downloads: 795
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8. Program SVIT - presejanje za raka na debelem črevesu in dankiDominika Novak-Mlakar, Tatjana Kofol-Bric, Jožica Maučec Zakotnik, 2015, published professional conference contribution Keywords: NIJZ, SVIT, rak, onkologija, debelo črevo, danka
Published in DiRROS: 17.09.2019; Views: 4008; Downloads: 1093
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