1. Nanoagrosomes : future prospects in the management of drug resistance for sustainable agricultureK. Manju, H.K. Ranjini, S. Niranjan Raj, Raghuraj S. Chouhan, Syed Baker, 2023, review article Abstract: Agriculture plays a crucial role in sustaining the global population with food safety and security. The inadequacy of current agrochemicals in effectively controlling microbial infestations necessitates immediate attention. The over usage of agrochemicals has posed significant threat to agriculture by hampering the crop productivity, increased disease outbreaks and spread resistant microorganisms. This review addresses the pressing issue of drug-resistant microbial pathogens and their detrimental impact on the agricultural system. The use of nanoagrosomes has gained significant attention as a potential solution for combating drug-resistant pathogens due to their unique physicochemical properties, which can be tailored to target specific activities. A diverse of nanoagrosomes is widely practiced to attenuate specific roles which has been outline in the review. It also shed light on their effectiveness in combating drug-resistant pathogens and their role in promoting agricultural sustainability by expanding scientific understanding of nanoagrosomes as a future prospect for management of drug resistance.
Keywords: nanoagrosomes, agriculture, phytopatogens, antimicrobial resistance
Published in DiRROS: 16.12.2025; Views: 500; Downloads: 231
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2. Nanovaccines to combat drug resistance : the next-generation immunisationK. Manju, S. Niranjan Raj, Raghuraj S. Chouhan, Syed Baker, 2023, review article Abstract: Background. The present review envisages the role of nanovaccines to combat the global challenges of antimicrobial resistance. Nanovaccines are a novel formulation comprised of nanomaterials coupled with an immunogenic component to elicit the immune response and provide protection against the desired infectious disease. The nanovaccines with unique physicochemical properties can be more efficient against targeting the desired tissues in the body, aids in prolong circulation to promote antigen-presenting cells to act upon the target antigens. Main content. The present review envisages the development of nanovaccines against antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. The use of nanovaccines can exhibit potent antigenicity with prolonged retention and controlled release to induce both cell- and antibody-mediated responses. Nanovaccines usage is still in the early stages and can be next-generation immunisation for prophylactic and therapeutic efficiency. The future development of nanovaccines against multi-drug-resistant pathogens can explore new avenues. Based on these facts, the present review is designed from the previously reported scientific studies and compiled with the fact that nanovaccines can revolutionise vaccine strategies. The articles were extracted from reputed databases like PubMed, Scopus, and ESCI. The size and conjugating chemistry of nanomaterials can be beneficial in developing novel multi-nanovaccine formulations that can target pools of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Conclusion. Overall, the nanovaccines can form one of the best effective modes of targeting multi-drug-resistant pathogens. The nanovaccines can stimulate the innate immune response and generate effective immune-therapeutic novel formulation against infectious pathogens. Based on these facts and considerations, the present article makes an alarming call to develop nanovaccines to counter multi-drug resistance.
Keywords: nanovaccines, antimicrobial drug resistance, nanomaterials, HIV, WHO
Published in DiRROS: 16.12.2025; Views: 420; Downloads: 229
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3. Recent advancements in the development of Two-Dimensional nanostructured based anode materials for stable power density in microbial fuel cellsRaghuraj S. Chouhan, Sonu Gandhi, Suresh Kr. Verma, Ivan Jerman, Syed Baker, Marko Štrok, 2023, review article Abstract: The demand for alternative energy sources from non-recyclable waste materials will be a hot research topic in future industries. This interest is primarily due to the ability to harness energy from waste materials, the provision of localized power solutions, and the promotion of efficient power conversation. In this respect, Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC) represent new energy sources possessing unique qualities for many applications. MFC generates power by utilising exoelectrogens forming the biofilm on the surface of the anode. Since in the MFC, wastewater is primarily converted into protons and electrons at the anode surface, where biofilms typically develop, the anode becomes the most vital component. Consequently, significant research has been conducted on anode material to improve MFC performance. The present review focuses on different aspects of the MFC, including a comprehensive summary of the recent developments in the field of MFCs, including a state-of-the-art literature review based on a bibliometric analysis using keywords, a description of the mechanism and operational principle of MFC, applications and a summary of current research perspectives including the use of carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphitic carbon nitride, MXene, and their nanocomposites as anode materials with stable power density performance. Lastly, we present the challenges and future perspectives regarding the continued development of MFC anode materials, culminating in overall conclusions related to MFC research.
Keywords: microbial fuel cells, 2D nanomaterial, power density, nanocomposite, Anode
Published in DiRROS: 16.12.2025; Views: 363; Downloads: 235
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4. Complexity of antibiotic resistance and its impact on gut microbiota dynamicsH. Shayista, Raghuraj S. Chouhan, Syed Baker, 2025, review article Abstract: The present review explores the influence of the gut microbiota on antibiotic resistance dynamics, particularly those associated with dysbiosis. The improper use of antibiotics can induce resistance in pathogens through various pathways, which is a topic of increasing interest within the scientific community. This review highlights the importance of microbial diversity, gut metabolism, and inflammatory responses against the dysbiosis due to the action of antibiotics. Additionally, it examines how secondary metabolites secreted by pathogens can serve as biomarkers for the early detection of antibiotic resistance. Although significant progress has been made in this field, key research gaps persist, including the need for a deeper understanding of the long-term effects of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis and the specific mechanisms driving the evolution of resistance in gut bacteria. Based on these considerations, this review systematically analyzed studies from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus up to July 2024. This study aimed to explore the dynamics of the interactions between gut microbiota and antibiotic resistance, specifically examining how microbial composition influences the development of resistance mechanisms. By elucidating these relationships, this review provides insights into management strategies for drug resistance and improves our understanding of microbial contributions to host health.
Keywords: gut microbiota, antibiotic resistance, dysbiosis, homeostasis
Published in DiRROS: 15.12.2025; Views: 462; Downloads: 230
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5. Impact of macrolide antibiotics on gut microbiota diversity with age-specific implications and scientific insightsH. Shayista, Raghuraj S. Chouhan, Syed Baker, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: This review investigates the effects of macrolides on the gut microbiota across different age groups. Macrolides, widely used to treat various infections, have been shown to disrupt the gut microbiome, leading to reduced bacterial diversity and increased risks of antibiotic resistance. The review examines the general mechanisms of action by macrolides, highlighting their role in inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis and promoting antibiotic resistance through horizontal gene transfer and selective pressure. Additionally, the reviews also focus on transition of gut microbiota across different age groups. It also addresses the dysbiotic shift induced by macrolides and its recovery following antibiotic discontinuation. Factors contributing to macrolides resistance, including genetic mutations and environmental factors, are discussed. The focus has been on alternative therapeutic approaches highlighted to mitigate resistance. Overall, the review provides a comprehensive overview of the implications associated with macrolides on gut health and offers insights into managing and minimizing resistance development.
Keywords: gut microbiota, antibiotic resistance, different age groups, analysis
Published in DiRROS: 15.12.2025; Views: 477; Downloads: 241
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